1.14.16.2: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.14.16.2
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1.14.16.2
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dopamine
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dopaminergic
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parkinsonism
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nigra
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striatum
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catecholamine
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substantia
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nerve
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ventral
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fiber
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sympathetic
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innervation
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adrenal
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noradrenergic
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neurotransmitter
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6-hydroxydopamine
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ganglia
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th-positive
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catecholaminergic
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neuropeptide
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norepinephrine
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nigrostriatal
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midbrain
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monoamine
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neurotrophic
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compacta
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coeruleus
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hypothalamus
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tegmental
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mesencephalic
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1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
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l-dopa
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6-ohda
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neurochemical
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accumbens
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noradrenaline
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rostrally
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dopac
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apomorphine
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perikarya
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intrastriatal
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beta-hydroxylase
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mptp-induced
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varicosity
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ventrolateral
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dopamine-beta-hydroxylase
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preoptic
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npy
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phenylethanolamine
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analysis
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diagnostics
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homovanillic
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synthesis
- 1.14.16.2
- dopamine
-
dopaminergic
- parkinsonism
- nigra
- striatum
- catecholamine
-
substantia
- nerve
-
ventral
- fiber
-
sympathetic
-
innervation
- adrenal
-
noradrenergic
-
neurotransmitter
- 6-hydroxydopamine
- ganglia
-
th-positive
-
catecholaminergic
-
neuropeptide
- norepinephrine
-
nigrostriatal
- midbrain
-
monoamine
-
neurotrophic
- compacta
- coeruleus
- hypothalamus
- tegmental
-
mesencephalic
- 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- l-dopa
-
6-ohda
-
neurochemical
- accumbens
- noradrenaline
-
rostrally
-
dopac
- apomorphine
- perikarya
-
intrastriatal
- beta-hydroxylase
-
mptp-induced
-
varicosity
-
ventrolateral
- dopamine-beta-hydroxylase
-
preoptic
- npy
- phenylethanolamine
- analysis
- diagnostics
-
homovanillic
- synthesis
Reaction
Synonyms
CAT-2, DTH1, DTH2, hTH2, L-tyrosine hydroxylase, monophenol monooxygenase, oxygenase, tyrosine 3-mono-, TH, TH1, TH2, TyrH, tyrosinase, tyrosine 3-hydroxylase, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, tyrosine hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase type 1, tyrosine-3-mono-oxygenase, tyrosine-3-monooxygenase
ECTree
1.14.16.2 tyrosine 3-monooxygenaseAdvanced search results
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results (Source Tissue
Source Tissue on EC 1.14.16.2 - tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
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SOURCE TISSUE 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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ataxic and control, high enzyme expression level in ataxic mice, dramatic difference in cerebellar tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity between mutant pogo, wild-type, and mutant p35-/- and p39-/- mice, overview
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enzyme expression at the stage when the pharate larval cuticle begins to tan
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isoenzyme DHT2 is selectively expressed in central nervous system. DTH1 cannot perform the function of the DTH II in the hypoderm
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undifferentiated, hydroxylase isoenzyme I mRNA, no detection of isoenzyme 2, 3 and 4
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contains tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons
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epidermal, hydroxylase isoenzyme I mRNA, no detection of isoenzyme 2, 3 and 4
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neuropil, tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive nerve terminals are distributed throughout the ganglia and contained exclusively pleomorphic clear synaptic vesicles
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contains tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons
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contains tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons
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contains tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons
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in some cells of the pituitary gland, tyrosine hydroxylase is colocalized with vasoactive intestinal peptide, in the intermediate and neuronal lobes of the pituitary tyrosine hydroxylase is expressed in glial fibrillary acidic protein-contained cells
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the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the central amygdala
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preoptic, contains tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons
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the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system is filled with many neuronal somata and fibers with strong immunoreactivity for tyrosine hydroxylase, TH-positive fibers are not evenly distributed within the nerve bundles of the ganglia, but tend to be located at their circumference
additional information
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tyrosine hydroxylase in hypertensive rats shows 35% lower expression and a reduced Vmax due to a decreased phosphorylation at Ser40
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2fold activity under cold stress. Injection of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril malate prevented the increase of tyrosine hydroxylase under cold stress
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immunohistochemic analysis of the enzyme distribution in mesencephalon, diencephalon, and telencephalon, detailed overview
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isoenzyme DHT1 is selectively expressed in central nervous system. DTH1 cannot perform the function of the DTH II in the hypoderm
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developing, intereurons, the majority of cortical tyrosine hydroxylase cells at all ages contains phosphorylated tyrosine hydroxylase
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increase in tyrosine hydroxylase protein levels and tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme activity might contribute to the enhanced noradrenergic activity in the heart in response to morphine withdrawam
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2fold activity under cold stress. Injection of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril malate prevented the increase of tyrosine hydroxylase under cold stress
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the enzyme content is reduced in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, neurons and neuropil, of the seizure-sensitive gerbils
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in some cells of the hypothalamus, tyrosine hydroxylase is colocalized with vasoactive intestinal peptide
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2fold activity under cold stress. Injection of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril malate prevented the increase of tyrosine hydroxylase under cold stress
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increased enzyme contents in violent suicidal depressive patients, analysis of postmortem brains of control individuals, non-suicidal depressive patients, and non-violent and violent suicidal depressive patients
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treatment with the parasite-derived neurotrophic factor of Trypanosoma cruzi increased the number of tyrosine hydroxylase expressing neurons
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a dopaminergic cell line, generated by fusion of rostral mesencephalic neurons from embryonic C57BL/6J mice with N18TG2 neuroblastoma cells
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a hybrid cell line derived from the fusion of mouse neuroblastoma N18TG2 cells with embryonic mouse mesencephalic neurons, tyrosine hydroxylase polysome profile analysis, overview
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a dopaminergic cell line, generated by fusion of rostral mesencephalic neurons from embryonic C57BL/6J mice with N18TG2 neuroblastoma cells
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non-monoaminergic neurons, immunohistochemic analysis of enzyme distribution, overview
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amount of immunoreactive neurons in seizure-sensitive and seizure-resistant gerbils, overview
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interneurons in developing brain tissue, complete absence of cell death markers, i.e. active caspase 3, suggests that cortical tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons are not a transient population of cells, overview
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myenteric, about 16% of the total number of axosomatic terminals show tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity
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olfactory and sensory neurons, cholinergic and adrenergic pathways modulate the proprotion of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons, KCl induces the number of positive TH-IR neurons involving L-type Ca2+ channels, overview
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3fold expression after treatment with the parasite-derived neurotrophic factor of Trypanosoma cruzi. The parasite-derived neurotrophic factor also promoted the phosphorylation-dependent activity of tyrosine hydroxylase
additional information
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no enzyme in cerebellum, rhombencephalon, spinal cord, and pituitary gland
additional information
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comparison of enzyme expressing cells of the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis niloticus with the enzyme of the nocturnal rodent Rattus norvegicus, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide colocalizes with the enzyme, enzyme distribution, overview
additional information
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comparison of the distributions of tyrosine hydroxylase and aromatic-Lamino acid decarboxylase, AADC, which catalyzes the back reaction of the tyrosine hydroxylase reaction, in the brain regions, overview
additional information
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mice treated with raclopride show an increased phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase and an increased production of dihydroxyphenylalanine. Additional treatment with L-tyrosine does not enhance this effect
additional information
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mice treated with raclopride show an increased phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase and an increased production of dihydroxyphenylalanine. Additional treatment with L-tyrosine enhances this effect
additional information
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immunohistochemic enzyme analysis in brain slices, overview
additional information
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comparison of enzyme expressing cells of the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis niloticus with the enzyme of the nocturnal rodent Rattus norvegicus, no enzyme in cells of the basal forebrain, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide colocalizes with the enzyme, enzyme distribution, overview
additional information
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cortical tyrosine hydroxylase neurons colocalizes with calretinin but not with parvalbumin or somatostatin
additional information
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immunohistochemic analysis of enzyme content in neurons of wild-type and striatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats, overview
