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1.14.18.1: tyrosinase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about tyrosinase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.14.18.1

Reaction

2 L-dopa +

O2
= 2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O

Synonyms

AbPPO1, AbPPO4, AbTYR, aurone synthase, catalase-phenol oxidase, catechol oxidase, catecholase, CATPO, chlorogenic acid oxidase, chlorogenic oxidase, cresolase, cresolase/monophenolase, CsPPO, CZA14Tyr, deoxy-tyrosinase, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, Diphenol oxidase, diphenolase, dopa oxidase, EC 1.10.3.1, EC 1.14.17.2, Hc-derived phenoloxidase, Hc-phenoloxidase, HcPO, HdPO, hemocyanin-derived phenoloxidase, jrPPO1, jrTYR, L-DOPA monophenolase, L-DOPA oxidase, L-DOPA:oxygen oxidoreductase, L-tyrosine hydroxylase, MdPPO1, melC2, MelC2 tyrosinase, met-tyrosinase, monophenol dihydroxyphenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol monooxidase, monophenol monooxygenase, monophenol monoxygenase, monophenol oxidase, monophenol oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, 3,4-dihydroxy L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA):oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, dihydroxyphenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, L-Dopa: oxidoreductase, monophenol, L-DOPA: oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, o-diphenol: oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, o-diphenol:O2 oxidoreductase, monophenol, o-diphenol:oxygen oxido-reductase, monophenol, o-diphenol:oxygen oxidoreductase, monophenol, polyphenol oxidase, monophenol: dioxygen oxidoreductases, hydroxylating, monophenolase, monphenol mono-oxygenase, More, mTyr, murine tyrosinase, mushroom tyrosinase, mushroom tyrosine, N-acetyl-6-hydroxytryptophan oxidase, o-diphenol oxidase, o-diphenol oxidoreductase, o-diphenol oxygen oxidoreductase, o-diphenol: O2 oxidoreductase, o-diphenol: oxidoreductase, o-diphenol:O2 oxidoreductase, o-diphenol:oxygen oxidoreductase, o-diphenolase, OCA1, Orf13, oxygen oxidoreductase, phenol oxidase, phenol oxidases, phenolase, phenoloxidase, PO, polyaromatic oxidase, polyphenol oxidase, polyphenol oxidase 3, polyphenol oxidase 4, polyphenol oxidase B, polyphenolase, polyphenoloxidase, PotPPO, PPO, PPO 3, PPO B, PPO1, PPO2, PPO3, pro-PO III, prophenoloxidase III, pyrocatechol oxidase, SPRTyr, ST94, ST94t, tryosinase, tryrosinase, TY, tyr, TYR1, TYR2, tyrA, TyrBm, tyrosinase, tyrosinase 2, tyrosinase 4, tyrosinase diphenolase, tyrosine-dopa oxidase

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
             1.14.18 With another compound as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
                1.14.18.1 tyrosinase

Temperature Stability

Temperature Stability on EC 1.14.18.1 - tyrosinase

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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
10 - 20
-
purified native enzyme, 60 min, over 90% activity remaining
10 - 70
-
the activity of recombinant PPO gradually increases with temperature ranging from 10 to 45°C, but followed by a decrease at higher temperatures, the residual soluble PPO activity remains above 60% after 40 min at 30, 40 and 50°C and then decreases significantly when temperature reaches at 60°C, with only 55% activity in just 10 min. When the temperature is raised to 80°C, the enzyme retains less than 18% of its original activity after 20 min and even less after prolonged incubation.
10 - 80
-
the enzyme is stable between 10 and 30°C after 24 h incubation, The enzyme activity declines as the temperature increases but the enzyme is not completely inactivated even at 80°C
100
-
10 min, 30% loss of activity. Complete loss of activity after 15 min
20 - 70
20 - 80
-
residual activity is higher than 50% after incubation at 20°C for 72 h, at 30°C for 48 h, at 40°C for 24 h, at 50°C for 2 h, and at 60°C for 15 min. Heating at 80°C for 15 min inactivates the enzyme
25 - 65
-
purified enzyme, high stability in the pH range
30 - 40
30 - 50
-
activity is reasonably maintained after 40 min of incubation at temperature below 30°C, significant inactivation becomes apparent at 40°C, and more so at 50°C, enzyme activity decreases due to heat denaturation with increasing temperature
30 - 60
-
the diphenolase activity is more sensitive to temperatures above 40°C. Monophenolase activity conserves approximately 85% at 50°C. Diphenolase activity maintains its original activity 70% at 30°C at pH 5.0 after 1 day of incubation. The enzyme, for both activities, is completely inactivated at 60°C after 4 h
30 - 65
-
purified native enzyme, about 35% of tyrosinase activity is still present at 55°C, but activity is lost at 65°C
30 - 70
endogenous TyrA is stable up to 50°C, but at higher temperatures, it starts to lose activity rapidly, shows half-life times of 30 days, 3 days, 2 days, 5 min, and 1 min at 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C, respectively. The activity of the recombinant enzyme declines rapidly as the temperature increases to above 40°C.
30 - 75
-
relative activity is greater than 70% between 30°C and 75°C for catalase activity, no decrease in activity is observed at 50°C for 2 h, CATPO retains 80% and 45% of its original catalase activity at 60 and 70°C, respectively. Catalase activity is essentially lost after 2 h incubation at 80°C, and at this temperature catalase activity is rapidly reduced with only 30% remaining after 30 min.
35
-
the enzyme is not very heat stable, and its activity decreases when incubated at the temperatures higher than 35°C
37
-
partially purified enzyme, stable up to
40 - 60
42
Musa cavendishii
-
1 h, 8% loss of activity
5 - 25
-
pH 6.0, 1 h, cuticle-bound enzyme is stable
50 - 70
-
the enzyme is fully stable below 50°C, but rapidly loses its activity at 70°C
50 - 90
55
pH 7.4, 20 min, about 40% loss of activity
60 - 70
-
purified enzyme, 4 min, loss of 60% activity
60 - 75
-
in the range from 60 to 75°C, the half-life of the enzyme reaches from 17 to 77 min
60 - 85
-
enzyme inactivation kinetics, overview
65
-
partially purified enzyme, half-life is 0.80 h
70 - 80
85
-
10 min, 25% loss of activity
90 - 100
-
purified enzyme, 1 min, inactivation
additional information