1.14.19.2: stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.14.19.2
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1.14.19.2
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oleic
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stearic
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desaturation
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desaturases
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1.14.99.6
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diiron
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delta9d
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oleoyl-acp
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fatbs
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palmitoyl-acp
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biotechnology
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biofuel production
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agriculture
- 1.14.19.2
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oleic
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stearic
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desaturation
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desaturases
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1.14.99.6
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diiron
- delta9d
- oleoyl-acp
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fatbs
- palmitoyl-acp
- biotechnology
- biofuel production
- agriculture
Reaction
Synonyms
acyl-ACP-desaturase, acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] desaturase, ahSAD3A, ahSAD3B, AtSAD1, CrFAB2, CSAD, DELTA9 desaturase, DELTA9-stearoyl-ACP-desaturase-C, DesA1, DesA2, desaturase, acyl-[acyl carrier protein], EC 1.14.99.6, FAB, FAB2, Gmsacpd-c, NbSACPD-A, NbSACPD-B, NbSACPD-C, OeSAD2, OeSAD3, OsSAD1, OsSAD2, OsSAD3, PpSAD, PtSAD, S-ACP-DES, S-ACP-DES1, S-ACP-DES2, S-ACP-DES3, S-ACP-DES4, S-ACP-DES5, S-ACP-DES6, SACPD, SACPD-C, SAD, SAD1, SAD2, SAD3, SAD4, SAD6, SAD7, SAD8, SLL1, SSI2 desaturase, SSI2/FAB2, stearoyl-ACP desaturase, stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturase, stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase, stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase 3, stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase-1, stearoyl-acyl carrier protein fatty acid desaturase, stearoyl-[acyl carrier protein] desaturase, stearyl acyl carrier protein desaturase, stearyl-ACP desaturase, stearyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase, Tc01g009910, Tc04g005590, Tc04g017510, Tc04g017520, Tc04g017540, Tc05g012840, Tc08g012550, Tc09g024040, TcSAD1, TcSAD2, TcSAD3, TcSAD4, TcSAD5, TcSAD6, TcSAD7, TcSAD8, XsSAD, ZmSAD1
ECTree
1.14.19.2 stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturaseAdvanced search results
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results (Engineering
Engineering on EC 1.14.19.2 - stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase
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PROTEIN VARIANTS 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
D77N
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random mutagenesis, the alteration of charge in the missense mutants SACPD-CD77N is due to the iron ion pocket localization, the mutation is predicted to affect iron ion-binding kinetics and stability
E114K
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random mutagenesis, the mutation directly alters the negatively charged bridging ligand Glu114 into a positively charged Lys
L79F
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random mutagenesis, the alteration of charge in the missense mutants SACPD-CD77N is due to the iron ion pocket localization, presence of steric hindrance by L79F, the mutation is predicted to affect iron ion-binding kinetics and stability
P102L
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random mutagenesis, the missense mutant SACPD-CP102L is not localized at the iron ion-binding pocket but is positioned at the first residue of the alpha4 chain,which holds the ligands Glu114 and His117 in place. Considering Pro's cyclic conformation, in which the secondary amine binds to the alha-carbon of the protein backbone, a disruption of this conformational rigidity may impact the ability of the alpha4 chain to be in its proper location, disrupting the enzymatic activity of GmSACPD-C
L118F/P179I
15fold higher activity with palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] than wild-type enzyme, low DELTA10 desaturase activity
L118W
100% activity with palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein], 89% activity with stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] and 8.2% activity with myristoyl-[acyl-carrier protein], wild-type is only active with stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
T117R/G188L
82fold higher specificity for palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] with respect to wild-type
additional information
additional information
n CrFAB2-overexpressing lines, oleic acid (18:1) content is increased by approximately 2.4fold compared to the wild-type control plants. Gene FAB2 overexpression result in the induction of FAD2 expression. Consistent with this result, the induction of linoleic acid (18:2) is also detected in CrFAB2-overexpressing lines, and total fatty acid content in these lines is induced by approximately 28% trough CrFAB2 overexpression compared to the wild-type control. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
the enzyme is silenced by artificial microRNA in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant starchless BAFJ5 mutant strain via two different constructs, which target different positions on the mRNA of stearoyl-ACP desaturase. mRNA levels for SAD are reduced after the silencing construct is induced. One strain shows reduction in SAD mRNA resulting in a doubling of the stearic acid content in triacylglycerol molecules, which shows that stearic acid production in microalgae is possible. The mRNA expression is transiently reduced upon the induction of the amiRNA construct by heat shock and nitrogen depleted growth conditions, which doubles the stearic acid content in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
additional information
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the enzyme is silenced by artificial microRNA in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant starchless BAFJ5 mutant strain via two different constructs, which target different positions on the mRNA of stearoyl-ACP desaturase. mRNA levels for SAD are reduced after the silencing construct is induced. One strain shows reduction in SAD mRNA resulting in a doubling of the stearic acid content in triacylglycerol molecules, which shows that stearic acid production in microalgae is possible. The mRNA expression is transiently reduced upon the induction of the amiRNA construct by heat shock and nitrogen depleted growth conditions, which doubles the stearic acid content in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
additional information
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the enzyme is silenced by artificial microRNA in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant starchless BAFJ5 mutant strain via two different constructs, which target different positions on the mRNA of stearoyl-ACP desaturase. mRNA levels for SAD are reduced after the silencing construct is induced. One strain shows reduction in SAD mRNA resulting in a doubling of the stearic acid content in triacylglycerol molecules, which shows that stearic acid production in microalgae is possible. The mRNA expression is transiently reduced upon the induction of the amiRNA construct by heat shock and nitrogen depleted growth conditions, which doubles the stearic acid content in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
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additional information
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one nonsense and four missense Gmsacpd-c mutants are identified to have high levels of seed, nodule, and leaf stearic acid content. Homology modeling and in silico analysis of the GmSACPD-C enzyme reveals that most of these mutations are localized near or at conserved residues essential for di-iron ion coordination. Soybeans carrying Gmsacpd-c mutations at conserved residues show the highest stearic acid content, and these mutations have deleterious effects on nodule development and function. Nodule leghemoglobin transcripts are significantly more abundant in soybeans with deleterious mutations at conserved residues of GmSACPD-C. Gmsacpd-c mutations cause an increase in leaf stearic acid content and an alteration of leaf structure and morphology in addition to differences in nitrogen-fixing nodule structure. Wild-type and mutant leaf phenotypes, overview
additional information
knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Knockdown of NbSACPD-C expression via VIGS causes seedlessness in Nicotiana benthamiana and alters lipids profiles in the ovary. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Knockdown of NbSACPD-C expression via VIGS causes seedlessness in Nicotiana benthamiana and alters lipids profiles in the ovary. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Knockdown of NbSACPD-C expression via VIGS causes seedlessness in Nicotiana benthamiana and alters lipids profiles in the ovary. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
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knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Knockdown of NbSACPD-C expression via VIGS causes seedlessness in Nicotiana benthamiana and alters lipids profiles in the ovary. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
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knockdown of the expression of individual or combinations of NbSACPD isozymes by an artificial microRNA approach results in significantly reduced accumulation of 18C unsaturated fatty acids and elevated levels of 18:0-fatty acid in leaves, indicating that all three genes A-C participate in fatty acid desaturation. Phenotypes, overview
additional information
XsSAD expression in the Arabidopsis thaliana ssi2 mutant partially complements the morphological phenotype of Arabidopsis thaliana ssi2 plants. Fatty acid composition of wild-type and mutant plants, overview
additional information
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XsSAD expression in the Arabidopsis thaliana ssi2 mutant partially complements the morphological phenotype of Arabidopsis thaliana ssi2 plants. Fatty acid composition of wild-type and mutant plants, overview
additional information
determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genotyping of SAD1, ZmSAD1-based association mapping, overview. Associations of SNPs in 11 SAD genes with stearic, oleic acid and their ratio
additional information
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determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genotyping of SAD1, ZmSAD1-based association mapping, overview. Associations of SNPs in 11 SAD genes with stearic, oleic acid and their ratio
additional information
ZmSAD1 overexpression (ZmSAD1), antisense ZmSAD1 (anti-ZmSAD1), and ZmSAD1 RNA interference (ZmSAD1 RNAi) constructs are generated in the pBI121 vector under control of the seed-specific FAE1 promoter. Ttransformation of the ZmSAD1 and ZmSAD1 RNAi constructs under control ofthe FAE1 promoter into maize by particle bombardment. Overexpression of ZmSAD1 changes the fatty acid composition in maize seeds, expression of seed-specific ZmSAD1 results in a decrease in the content of stearic and other saturated acids. Composition of fatty acids in the maize seeds harbouring ZmSAD1 or ZmSAD1 RNAi constructs, phenotypes, overview
additional information
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ZmSAD1 overexpression (ZmSAD1), antisense ZmSAD1 (anti-ZmSAD1), and ZmSAD1 RNA interference (ZmSAD1 RNAi) constructs are generated in the pBI121 vector under control of the seed-specific FAE1 promoter. Ttransformation of the ZmSAD1 and ZmSAD1 RNAi constructs under control ofthe FAE1 promoter into maize by particle bombardment. Overexpression of ZmSAD1 changes the fatty acid composition in maize seeds, expression of seed-specific ZmSAD1 results in a decrease in the content of stearic and other saturated acids. Composition of fatty acids in the maize seeds harbouring ZmSAD1 or ZmSAD1 RNAi constructs, phenotypes, overview
