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1.2.1.36: retinal dehydrogenase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about retinal dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.2.1.36

Reaction

retinal
+
NAD+
 +
H2O
=
retinoate
 +
NADH
 +
H+

Synonyms

aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A2, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3, ALDH 1A1, ALDH 1A2, ALDH class 1, ALDH-1A1, ALDH-3A1, ALDH1, ALDH1A1, Aldh1a2, Aldh1a3, BcALDH, cytosolic retinal dehydrogenase, dehydrogenase, retinal, dehydrogenase/reductase member 3, DHRS3, ETA-crystallin, More, NAD+-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent retinal dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent retinal dehydrogenases, PB-RALDH, phenobarbital-induced aldehyde dehydrogenase, RALDH, RALDH-1, RALDH-3, RalDH1, RALDH1A1, RALDH2, RALDH3, Raldh4, RDH12, RDH13, RDH5, retialdehyde dehydrogenase, Retinal dehydrogenase, retinal dehydrogenase 1, retinal dehydrogenase 2, retinal dehydrogenase 3, retinal dehydrogenase 4, retinal dehydrogenase 5, retinal dehydrogenase type-2, retinal dehydrogenase-2, retinal dehydrogenase/reductase, retinal short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, retinalaldehyde dehydrogenase 2, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type II, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type-1, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2, retinaldehyde dehydrogenases, retinol dehydrogenase 13, retSDR1, testis-specific aldehyde dehydrogenase, thyroid-hormone-binding protein, type 2 retinaldehyde dehydrogenase, xCTBP, xCTBP/xALDH1, zRalDH

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
             1.2.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
                1.2.1.36 retinal dehydrogenase

Expression

Expression on EC 1.2.1.36 - retinal dehydrogenase

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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
acute inflammation rapidly increases the enzyme expression in periportal macrophages
enhanced activity and expression of RALDHs in liver of high-fat diet rats. High-fat diet feeding significantly up-regulates cytosolic RALDHs activity, 1.7fold and 2fold in the presence of NAD+ and NADP+, respectively
ERK and p38 MAPK inhibitors PD98059 and SB203580 suppress GM-CSF-induced nuclear translocation of Sp1 and Aldh1a2 expression. CpG methylation in the Aldh1a2 promoter region inhibits Sp1-dependent Aldh1a2 promoter activation. Aldh1a2 transcription silencing by CpG methylation of the promoter region is not due to direct interference with Sp1 binding to the promoter region
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) potently induces RALDH2 expression in dendritic cells in an retinoic acid-dependent manner, and retinoic acid alone weakly induces the expression. Retinoic acid and GM-CSF coordinately induce retinal dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2) expression through cooperation between the RAR/RXR complex and Sp1 in dendritic cells
high retinoic acid levels inhibit Raldh1 gene expression by sequestering CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta through its interaction to GADD153. A decrease in Raldh1 mRNA levels in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-null liver relative to wild type mouse liver is observed
-
inflammation reduces ALDH1A1 mRNA in whole liver regardless of the level of vitamin A in the diet, while treatment with retinal reduces ALDH1A1 expression only in chow-fed rats. Acute inflammation rapidly downregulates ALDH1A1 expression in whole liver
levels of RALDH1 gene expression and protein production markedly decrease after 1-week treatment with 17beta-estradiol in male rats. Treatment of isolated anterior pituitary cells with 17beta-estradiol (0.00001-10 nM) decreases expression of RALDH1 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner (about 55% RALDH1 mRNA level remaining 6 h after treatment with 10 nM 17beta-estradiol). 17beta-Estradiol-induced suppression of RALDH1 expression is completely blocked by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182, 780. The ERalpha-selective agonist propylpyrazole triol (10 nM) mimicks the effect of 17beta-estradiol on RALDH1 expression, but the ERbeta-selective agonist diarylpropionitrile (10 nM) does not
mRNA expression is upregulated by p53 (44.3fold) and p63gamma (16.3fold) by binding to the retSDR1 promoter in vivo
-
obesity and insulin resistance are associated with overexpression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1. High-fat-diet-feeding significantly induces the activity and expression of RALDH1 protein
-
retinal dehydrogenase 5 is significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues
-