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human kidney renal cell carcinoma
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cortex
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development and differentiation of the cells from transgenic mice lacking Txnrd2 expression is not significantly impaired
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from dry and germinating seeds
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genetic polymorphisms in the human selenoprotein P gene is associated with differences in thioredoxin reductase 1 concentrations
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TXNRD1_v3 is induced by estradiol or testosterone treatments
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Bach1 repression of ferritin and thioredoxin reductase1 is heme-sensitive in cells and in vitro and coordinates expression with heme oxygenase1, beta-globin, and NADP(H) quinone (oxido) reductase1
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TXNRD1_v3 is predominantly expressed in the Leydig cells
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quantification of the expression of alternative mRNA forms (alpha1/2, alpha6, alpha7/8, alpha10/11, alpha13, gamma2-4, and beta1) in six different human malignant mesothelioma cell lines of epithelioid (STAV-AB and M-14-K), sarcomatoid (STAV-FCS and ZL34), or mixed phenotype (M-28-K and M-9-K). The lowest level of TrxR1 is seen for the two sarcomatoid forms (STAV-FCS and ZL34), whereas the epithelioid phenotypes generally show very high levels of TrxR1. The major transcript form expressed in all cell lines is alpha1/2, followed by alpha7/8. The lowest level is observed for alpha6, which comprises less than 1% of the total a forms
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TXNRD1_v3 is induced by estradiol or testosterone treatments
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TGF-betA1-treatment up-regulated thioredoxin reductase 1
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cerebellar granule neuron
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H157, U1810 and H611. Selenium treatment results in increased expression of almost all TrxR1 mRNA variants with increasing concentrations of selenite
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in some case of glucocorticoid-resistant alopecia areata patients, the expression of TrxR1 is decreased in outer root sheath
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inhibition of thioredoxin reductase by auranofin induces apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells
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TrxR activity declines in during the first 21 days in milk. TrxR may be an important antioxidant defense mechanism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells that is compromised during the periparturient period
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from 2-4-day-old seedlings, high accumulation
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U1906E and U1906L. Selenium treatment results in increased expression of almost all TrxR1 mRNA variants with increasing concentrations of selenite
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human cell glioblastoma
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transcription of TXNRD1 involves alternative splicing, leading to a number of transcripts also encoding isoforms of TrxR1 that differ from each other at their N-terminal domains. The TXNRD1_v3 isoform contains an atypical N-terminal glutaredoxin domain. Expression of the transcript of this isoform is found predominantly in testis but is also detected in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas
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thioredoxin reductase 1 is upregulated in synovial cell from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. TRXR1 suppresses hydrogen peroxide and inhibits apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells
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thioredoxin reductase activity in rheumatoid arthritis cells is significantly higher than in osteoarthritis cells
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development and differentiation of the cells from transgenic mice lacking Txnrd2 expression is not significantly impaired
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Hg(II) potently inhibits (at concentrations of 5-50 nM) TrxR1 activity in both cell-free and intracellular assays
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TXNRD1_v3 is induced by estradiol or testosterone treatments
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human lung non-small cell carcinoma
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TXNRD1_v3 is induced by estradiol or testosterone treatments
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prolonged selenium-deficient diet in MsrA knockout mice lowers thioredoxin reductase activity
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mouse embryos homozygous for a targeted null mutation of the txnrd1 gene, encoding the cytosolic thioredoxin reductase, are viable at embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5) but not at E9.5. Txnrd1 is required for correct patterning of the early embryo and progression to later development
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human colon cell adenocarcinoma
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transcription of TXNRD1 involves alternative splicing, leading to a number of transcripts also encoding isoforms of TrxR1 that differ from each other at their N-terminal domains. The TXNRD1_v3 isoform contains an atypical N-terminal glutaredoxin domain. Expression of the transcript of this isoform is found predominantly in testis but is also detected in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas
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overexpression of TrxR1 inhibits migration of HEK-293 cells
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HEK-293 cells show low basal levels of TxnRd1
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high and low affinity form with respect to heparin
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heparin affinity depends on the selenium content
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TXNRD1_v3 is induced by estradiol or testosterone treatments
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HEK cell overeexpressing TrxR1
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transcription of TXNRD1 involves alternative splicing, leading to a number of transcripts also encoding isoforms of TrxR1 that differ from each other at their N-terminal domains. The TXNRD1_v3 isoform contains an atypical N-terminal glutaredoxin domain. Expression of the transcript of this isoform is found predominantly in testis but is also detected in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas
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lead exposure causes a marked increase in the thioredoxin reductase-1 activity in the kidney of rats. This is the only parameter affected by low lead doses both after acute and chronic exposure
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NTRC may be involved in the scavenging of peroxides produced in green tissues during the day or the night and in seeds during germination
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although the OsNTRC gene is expressed in roots and shoots of seedlings, the protein is exclusively found in shoots and mature leaves
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from mature plants, high accumulation
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liver biopsy sections from hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Elevated exresssion level in tumor tissue compared to internal control
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transcription of TXNRD1 involves alternative splicing, leading to a number of transcripts also encoding isoforms of TrxR1 that differ from each other at their N-terminal domains. The TXNRD1_v3 isoform contains an atypical N-terminal glutaredoxin domain. Expression of the transcript of this isoform is found predominantly in testis but is also detected in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas
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isoform TR1, normal and tumor
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thioredoxin reductase activity is significantly increased by Picual extra virgin olive oil, but not by Arbequina extra virgin olive oil as compared with palm oil intervention
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adenocarcinoma cell line NCI-H441
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adenocarcinoma cells, high and low affinity form with respect to heparin
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MLE-15 cell line
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metastatic melanotic
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amelanotic
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TXNRD1_v3 is induced by estradiol or testosterone treatments
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mice lacking Txnrd1 in the nervous system are significantly smaller and display ataxia and tremor. A strikingly patterned cerebellar hypoplasia is observed. Proliferation of the external granular layer is strongly reduced and fissure formation and laminar organisation of the cerebellar cortex is impaired in the rostral portion of the cerebellum. Purkinje cells are ectopically located and their dendrites stunted. The Bergmann glial network is disorganized and shows a pronounced reduction in fiber strength. Neuron-specific inactivation of Txnrd1 does not result in cerebellar hypoplasia, suggesting a vital role for Txnrd1 in Bergmann glia or neuronal precursor cells
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nervous system-specific Txnrd2 null mice develop normally
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TR1 is uniquely overexpressed in cancer cells and its knockdown in a mouse cancer cell line driven by oncogenic k-ras results in orphological changes characteristic of parental (normal) cells, without significant effect on cell growth under normal growth conditions. When grown in serum-deficient medium, TR1 deficient cancer cells lose self-sufficiency of growth, manifest a defective progression in their S phase and a decreased expression of DNA polymerase alpha
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transcription of TXNRD1 involves alternative splicing, leading to a number of transcripts also encoding isoforms of TrxR1 that differ from each other at their N-terminal domains. The TXNRD1_v3 isoform contains an atypical N-terminal glutaredoxin domain. Expression of the transcript of this isoform is found predominantly in testis but is also detected in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas
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transcription of TXNRD1 involves alternative splicing, leading to a number of transcripts also encoding isoforms of TrxR1 that differ from each other at their N-terminal domains. The TXNRD1_v3 isoform contains an atypical N-terminal glutaredoxin domain. Expression of the transcript of this isoform is found predominantly in testis but is also detected in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas
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Abeta-resistant PC-12 cells display higher levels of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase
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thioredoxin reductase activity is reduced in placentas from pregnant women living at high altitude
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isoform TR1
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although mRNA encoding both Trx h isoforms (HvTrxh1 and HvTrxh2) is present in embryo and aleurone layers, the corresponding proteins differ in spatiotemporal appearance. HvNTR1 resides in the starchy endosperm during germination
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although mRNA encoding both Trx h isoforms (HvTrxh1 and HvTrxh2) is present in embryo and aleurone layers, the corresponding proteins differ in spatiotemporal appearance. HvNTR2 resides in the starchy endosperm during germination
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more abundant in cotyledons from dry and germinating seeds
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aleurone layer, scutellum, starchy endosperm
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low accumulation
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root and shoot
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although the OsNTRC gene is expressed in roots and shoots of seedlings, the protein is exclusively found in shoots and mature leaves
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from 2-4-day-old seedlings, high accumulation
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NTRC may be involved in the scavenging of peroxides produced in green tissues during the day or the night and in seeds during germination
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transcription of TXNRD1 involves alternative splicing, leading to a number of transcripts also encoding isoforms of TrxR1 that differ from each other at their N-terminal domains. The TXNRD1_v3 isoform contains an atypical N-terminal glutaredoxin domain. Expression of the transcript of this isoform is found predominantly in testis but is also detected in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas
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isoform TR3
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isoform TR3
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isoform TR3
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isoform TrxR3 is primarily present in testis
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additional information
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not found in tegument of adult fluke
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additional information
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extensive alternative splicing occurs in the 5' region of TXNRD1. In total 21 different transcripts are identified, potentially encoding five isoforms of TrxR1 carrying alternative N-terminal domains
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additional information
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NCI-60 cell panel
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