2.2.1.6: acetolactate synthase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about acetolactate synthase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.2.1.6
-
2.2.1.6
-
herbicide
-
weed
-
sulfonylurea
-
als-inhibiting
-
branched-chain
-
imidazolinone
-
biotype
-
cross-resistance
-
herbicide-resistant
-
imazethapyr
-
chlorsulfuron
-
triazolopyrimidine
-
4.1.3.18
-
als-inhibitors
-
glyphosate
-
target-site
-
amaranthus
-
imazamox
-
acetoin
-
sulfometuron
-
2,3-butanediol
-
echinochloa
-
protoporphyrinogen
-
broadleaf
-
2-ketobutyrate
-
non-target-site
-
whole-plant
-
nicosulfuron
-
accase
-
hybridus
-
rigidum
-
waterhemp
-
mesotrione
-
postemergence
-
crus-galli
-
safener
-
5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate
-
ilvced
-
alpha-ketobutyrate
-
brewing
-
rudis
-
dicamba
-
synthesis
-
agriculture
-
molecular biology
-
glufosinate
-
thdp-dependent
-
palmeri
-
tuberculatus
-
analysis
-
alopecurus
-
isomeroreductase
-
pharmacology
-
herbicide-binding
-
drug development
-
glyphosate-resistant
-
kochia
-
biotechnology
- 2.2.1.6
-
herbicide
-
weed
- sulfonylurea
-
als-inhibiting
-
branched-chain
- imidazolinone
-
biotype
-
cross-resistance
-
herbicide-resistant
- imazethapyr
- chlorsulfuron
- triazolopyrimidine
-
4.1.3.18
-
als-inhibitors
- glyphosate
-
target-site
- amaranthus
- imazamox
- acetoin
- sulfometuron
- 2,3-butanediol
- echinochloa
- protoporphyrinogen
-
broadleaf
- 2-ketobutyrate
-
non-target-site
-
whole-plant
- nicosulfuron
- accase
- hybridus
- rigidum
-
waterhemp
- mesotrione
-
postemergence
- crus-galli
-
safener
- 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate
-
ilvced
- alpha-ketobutyrate
- brewing
- rudis
- dicamba
- synthesis
- agriculture
- molecular biology
- glufosinate
-
thdp-dependent
- palmeri
- tuberculatus
- analysis
-
alopecurus
-
isomeroreductase
- pharmacology
-
herbicide-binding
- drug development
-
glyphosate-resistant
- kochia
- biotechnology
Reaction
2 pyruvate
=
Synonyms
aceto-hydroxy acid synthase, acetohydroxy acid synthase, acetohydroxy acid synthase I, acetohydroxy acid synthetase, acetohydroxyacid synthase, acetolactate pyruvate-lyase (carboxylating), acetolactate synthase, acetolactate synthetase, acetolactate-synthase, acetolactic synthetase, AHAS, AHAS II, AHAS1, AHAS2, AHAS3, AHASL, AHASS, alpha-acetohydroxy acid synthetase, alpha-acetohydroxyacid synthase, alpha-acetolactate synthase, alpha-acetolactate synthetase, alpha-ALS, ALS, ALS1, ALS1R, ALS2, AlsS, CalS, catabolic acetolactate synthase, EC 4.1.3.18, GST-mALS, GST-wALS, Ilv2, Ilv6, ilvB, ilvB1, ilvB2, ilvG, IlvN, ilvX, Moilv2, Moilv6, More, PF0935, sll1981, synthase, acetolactate, TM_0548, TM_0549, TTHA1213
ECTree
2.2.1.6 acetolactate synthaseAdvanced search results
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results (Natural Substrates Products
Natural Substrates Products on EC 2.2.1.6 - acetolactate synthase
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE 
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-oxobutyrate
2-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-oxopentanoate + CO2
-
-
-
ir
2-oxobutyrate + pyruvate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
(S)-acetohydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
stereospecific reaction
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-acetohydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
acetohydroxyacid synthase is the enzyme that catalyses the first step in the common pathway of the biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids, valine, leucine and isoleucine
-
-
?
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
AHAS catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthetic pathway of the branched-amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine
-
-
?
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
the enzyme produces 2-acetolactate in a temperature-dependent manner
-
-
?
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
2 pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
2-oxobutyrate + pyruvate
(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
2-oxobutyrate + pyruvate
(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
-
?
pyruvate
(S)-2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme is the first common enzyme in the pathway for the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids, overview
-
-
?
pyruvate
(S)-2-acetolactate + CO2
the enzyme is the first common enzyme in the pathway for the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids, overview
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, overview
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
first step in the biosynthesis of valine, overview
-
-
r
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, regulation, overview
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine and leucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine and leucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine
-
-
r
pyruvate
2-acetolactate + CO2
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
the expression is negatively controlled by Val. Leu and Ile slightly stimulate the enzyme production
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
production of isoenzyme AHS I is under multivalent control by Val and Leu, production of isoenzyme AHS II is under multivalent control by Ile, Val and Leu
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
isoenzyme AHAS I enables a bacterium to cope with poor carbon sources, which lead to low endogenous pyruvate concentrations
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
constitutive high expression, the enzyme is active only under conditions of pyruvate excess
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
catabolic enzyme is involved in 2,3-butanediol pathway
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
isoenzyme II is regulated by Leu, Ile and Val
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
isoenzyme II is regulated by Leu
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
isoenzyme AHAS I enables a bacterium to cope with poor carbon sources, which lead to low endogenous pyruvate concentrations
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
isoenzyme I is regulated by Leu and Val
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
the enzyme plays a role in not only preventing intracellular acidification but also supplying alpha-acetolactate as an intermediate of branched chain amino acids biosynthesis
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
catabolic enzyme is involved in 2,3-butanediol pathway
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
first committed step in the biosynthesis of isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
first committed step in the biosynthesis of isoleucine
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate
-
-
ir
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
acetohydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
acetohydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the C-C bond cleavage of cyclohexane-1,2-dione to 6-oxohexanoate, EC 3.7.1.11, and the asymmetric benzoin condensation between benzaldehyde and pyruvate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the C-C bond cleavage of cyclohexane-1,2-dione to 6-oxohexanoate, EC 3.7.1.11, and the asymmetric benzoin condensation between benzaldehyde and pyruvate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme AlsS catalyzes the condensation of two pyruvate molecules to acetolactate with thiamine diphosphate and Mg2+ as cofactors. The enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of 2-ketoisovalerate into isobutyraldehyde, the immediate precursor of isobutanol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme AlsS catalyzes the condensation of two pyruvate molecules to acetolactate with thiamine diphosphate and Mg2+ as cofactors. The enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of 2-ketoisovalerate into isobutyraldehyde, the immediate precursor of isobutanol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme AlsS catalyzes the condensation of two pyruvate molecules to acetolactate with thiamine diphosphate and Mg2+ as cofactors. The enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of 2-ketoisovalerate into isobutyraldehyde, the immediate precursor of isobutanol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mechanism of expression regulation, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regulatory role of the proteins of the phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system, requirement of the dephospho-form of enzyme IIANtr, encoded by gene ptsN, for derepression of Escherichia coli K-12 ilvBN expression, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme can act in anabolic or in catabolic function, the first enzyme contains the conserved motif 372RFDDR376, while the latter does not, the conserved motif 372RFDDR376 is a possible determinant of the FAD-dependent and herbicide-resistant properties of tobacco, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
acetolactate synthase is the first common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
acetolactate synthase is the first common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
non-enzymatic decarboxylation of acetolactate to acetoin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
non-enzymatic decarboxylation of acetolactate to acetoin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
YerE might posses the ability to activate non-sugar ketones for cross-benzoin condensations, performing enzymatic aldehyde-ketone cross-benzoin condensations
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
YerE might posses the ability to activate non-sugar ketones for cross-benzoin condensations, performing enzymatic aldehyde-ketone cross-benzoin condensations
-
-
?
