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2.3.2.15: glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 2.3.2.15

Reaction

glutathione
+
[Glu(-Cys)]n-Gly
=
Gly
 +
[Glu(-Cys)]n+1-Gly

Synonyms

AdPCS1, AdPCS2, AdPCS3, alr0975, AtPCS, AtPCS1, AtPCS2, AtPCSI, BjPCS1, CaPCS1, CaPCS2, CePCS, DaPCS1, gamma-EC dipeptidyl(trans)peptidase, gamma-glutamyl-cysteine transpeptidase, gamma-glutamylcysteine dipeptidyl transpeptidase, gamma-glutamylcysteine transpeptidase, gamma-glutamylcysteinyl dipeptidyl transpeptidase, gamma-glutamylcysteinyl transpeptidase, glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase, LjPCS1, LjPCS3, MnPCS1, MnPCS2, NsPCS, OsPCS1, OsPCS15, OsPCS1a, OsPCS1b, OsPCS1c, OsPCS1full, OsPCS2, OsPCS5, PC synthase, PCS, PCS1, PCS15, PCS2, PCS5, phytochelatin synthase, phytochelatin synthase 1, phytochelatin synthase 2, phytochelatin synthase1, pPhytochelatin synthase, pseudo-phytochelatin synthase, SrPCS, SrPCS1, SrPCS2, SrPCS3, SrPCS4, TtpsiPCS

ECTree

     2 Transferases
         2.3 Acyltransferases
             2.3.2 Aminoacyltransferases
                2.3.2.15 glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase

Cloned

Cloned on EC 2.3.2.15 - glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase

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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
AtPCS2-gene expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain INVSc1
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AtPCS2-gene expressed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain FY254, a phytochelatin synthase knockout strain
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BjPCS1 is expressed in Escherichia coli
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expressed in a Arabidopsis thaliana cad1-3 phytochelatin-deficient mutant and in Nicotiana tabacum cultivar Petit Havana
expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana via transformation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105
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expressed in Brassica juncea
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expressed in Escherichia coli
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expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 Rosetta (DE3) pLysS cells
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expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain TY167
expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) cells
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expressed in Nicotiana tabacum
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expressed in Nicotiana tabacum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain BY4741
expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain BY4742
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expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain YK44 and Nicotiana tabacum strain NC89
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expressed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain SP27, a phytochelatin synthase knockout strain
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expression in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to enhance tolerance to toxicity of cadmium ion
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expression in Mesorhizobium huakuii subsp. rengei B3. The PCS(At) gene is expressed under the control of the nifH promoter, which regulates the nodule-specific expression of nifH gene. Expression of the PCS(At) gene in Mesorhizobium huakuii subsp. rengei B3 increases the ability of cells to bind Cd2+ approximately 9fold to 19fold
-
expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast cells expressing LjPCS3 show increased in vivo tolerance to Cd
fused to a C-terminal Flag epitope
gene alr0975 or pcs, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha, and functional constitutive overexpression in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, semiquantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
gene CaPCS1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, phylogenetic analysis, genotyping, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli improves the cadmium resistance of the bacteria, quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
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gene CaPCS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, phylogenetic analysis, genotyping, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli improves the cadmium resistance of the bacteria, quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
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gene DaPCS1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, phylogenetic analysis, genotyping, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli, quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
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gene OsPCS1, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli, recombinant expression of MBP-tagged OsPCS1 in the has2 mutant under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, the nodes of the OsPCS1-overexpressing line show higher As levels than those of the wild-type
gene OsPCS2, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli, recombinant expression of MBP-tagged OsPCS1 in the has2 mutant under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Overexpression of OsPCS2 does not fully complement the has2 mutation, although the As levels in grains became lower than in the non-transgenic has2 mutant
gene PCS1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, different PCS1 splicing variants are detected, quantitative expression analysis, recombinant expression of MBP-tagged isozyme PCS1
gene PCS1, isolation of four different transcript variants of OsPCS1, and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis revealing that expression of the longest OsPCS1 variant, OsPCS1full, is most abundant, functional recombinant in expression in PCS-deficient
gene PCS1, isolation of four different transcript variants of OsPCS1, and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis revealing that expression of the longest OsPCS1 variant, OsPCS1full, is most abundant, functional recombinant in expression in PCS-deficient mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe PCS knockout strain DELTApcs and Arabidopsis thaliana null mutant cad1-3 plants with OsPCS1full possessing good PCS activity in response to As(III) and Cd while the activity of the other PCS variants is very low
gene PCS1, isolation of four different transcript variants of OsPCS1, and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis revealing that expression of the longest OsPCS1 variant, OsPCS1full, is most abundant, functional recombinant in expression in PCS-deficient mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe PCS knockout strain DELTApcs and Arabidopsis thaliana null mutant cad1-3 plants with OsPCS1full possessing good PCS activity in response to As(III) and Cd while the activity of the other PCS variants is very low. Transcript of the introduced OsPCS genes is evident in all cad1-3/OsPCS lines except for cad1-3/OsPCS1b line
gene PCS1, isolation of four different transcript variants of OsPCS1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis revealing that expression of the longest OsPCS1 variant, OsPCS1full, is most abundant, functional recombinant in expression in PCS-deficient mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe PCS knockout strain DELTApcs and Arabidopsis thaliana null mutant cad1-3 plants with OsPCS1full possessing good PCS activity in response to As(III) and Cd while the activity of the other PCS variants is very low. Phenotypes, overview
gene PCS1, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli strain Rosetta (DE3) pLysS
gene PCS1, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ecotype, and induction by Cd2+, functional recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae YK44 highly Cd2+-sensitive strain conferring Cd resistance. Compared to PCS2 and 3 expressing lines, the AdPCS1 transformant has a longer lag phase, resulting in slower initial growth. This difference is rescued after 24 h, with the growth kinetics of the AdPCS1 transformant becoming normal, indicating that the difference results from decreased translational efficiency
gene PCS1, two Morus notabilis PCS genes are identified based on a genome-wide analysis of the Morus genome database, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, exon-intron structures of the MnPCS genes, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis, expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
gene PCS15, DNA and amino acid sequence determinataion and analysis, RT-PCR expression analysis, recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ycf1 mutant (DELTAycf1) cells (DTY167) confers Cd resistance. The growth of OsPCS15-transformed DELTAycf1 cells is similar to that of empty vector-transformed wild-type and DELTAycf1 cells. Recombinant overexpression of GFP-tagged enzyme PCS15 in Arabidopsis thaliana under control of the CaMV 35S promoter leading to increasing Cd2+ concentrations. Root growth in OsPCS15 transgenic plants is reduced by approximately 26% following treatment with 0.05-0.07 mM CdCl2. In contrast, ectopic expression of PCS15 increases the sensitivity to Cd in Arabidopsis thaliana
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gene PCS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, chromosome 6, genomic organization of OsPCS1 constitutes 5 exons separated by 4 introns, whereas that of OsPCS2 indicates the presence of 6 exons interrupted by 5 introns. Quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis. Among the two PCS genes, OsPCS1 and OsPCS2 in indica rice cultivar, the OsPCS2 produces an alternatively spliced OsPCS2b transcript that bears the unusual premature termination codon besides the canonically spliced OsPCS2a transcript. Root- and shoot-specific differential ratios of alternatively spliced OsPCS2a and OsPCS2b transcript expressions are observed under cadmium stress, recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells transformed with OsPCS2a exhibits increased cadmium and arsenic tolerance and accumulation, unlike the OsPCS2b transformed yeast cells
gene PCS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, different PCS1 splicing variants are detected, quantitative expression analysis, recombinant expression of MBP-tagged isozyme PCS2
gene PCS2, isolation of a single transcript form of OsPCS2, and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, quantitative real-time RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis, functional recombinant in expression in PCS-deficient mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe PCS knockout strain DELTApcs and Arabidopsis thaliana null mutant cad1-3 plants, the activity of PCS2 in response to As(III) and Cd is very low
gene PCS2, recombinant expression in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi plants using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 transfection method
gene PCS2, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ecotype, and induction by Cd2+, functional recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae YK44 highly Cd-sensitive strain conferring Cd2+ resistance
gene PCS2, two Morus notabilis PCS genes are identified based on a genome-wide analysis of the Morus genome database, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, exon-intron structures of the MnPCS genes, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis, recombinant expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
gene PCS3, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ecotype, and induction by Cd2+, functional recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae YK44 highly Cd-sensitive strain conferring Cd2+ resistance
gene PCS5, DNA and amino acid sequence determinataion and analysis, RT-PCR expression analysis, recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ycf1 mutant (DELTAycf1) cells (DTY167) confers Cd resistance. The growth of OsPCS5-transformed DELTAycf1 cells is similar to that of empty vector-transformed wild-type and DELTAycf1 cells. Recombinant overexpression of GFP-tagged enzyme PCS5 in Arabidopsis thaliana under control of the CaMV 35S promoter leading to increasing Cd2+ concentrations. Root growth in OsPCS5 transgenic plants is reduced by approximately 33% following treatment with 0.05-0.07 mM CdCl2. In contrast, ectopic expression of PCS5 increases the sensitivity to Cd in Arabidopsis thaliana
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heterologous expression of AtPCS1-FLAG in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli
into the binary plasmid vector pCB302 for introducing into Agrobacterium GV3101 strain, tobacco plants are transformed by the standard leaf disc method
into the pGEM-T easy vector for sequencing, into the vector pYES2 for expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells
into the vector pET-28b for expression in Escherichia coli BL21 Rosetta DE3 pLysS cells
overexpressed in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
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overexpression both in wild-type and rolB-transformed Nicotiana tabacum. Increase in Cd2+ tolerance and accumulation in the overexpressing plants is directly related to the availability of reduced glutathione, while overexpression of phytochelatin synthase does not enhance long distance root-to shoot Cd2+ transport
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overexpression in Arabidopsis from a strong constitutive Arabidopsis actin regulatory sequence (A2), the A2::AtPCS1 plants are highly resistant to arsenic, accumulating 20-100times more biomass on 0.25 and 0.3 mM arsenate than wild-type, however, they are hypersensitive to Cd(II). After exposure to cadmium and arsenic, the overall accumulation of thiol-peptides increases to 10fold higher levels in the A2::AtPCS1 plants compared with wild-type
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overexpression of AtPCS1 in transgenic Arabidopsis. Transgenic plants with a relatively high level of expression of the 35S::AtPCS1 transgene does not result in higher Cd tolerance, but rather show higher sensitivity to Cd under some conditions. Transgenic plants showing a relatively lower level of expression of the 35S::AtPCS1 transgene show increased accumulation and tolerance of Cd compared to wild-type plants
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the coding sequences of full-length PCS1, PCS-N, residues 1-221, and PCS-C, residues 222-485, are cloned into the vector pGEM-T-Easy and subsequently into pET28b for expression in Escherichia coli BL21DE3 cells
the plasmid pYES3-AtPCS1-FLAG is used for the transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells
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transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae DTY167
transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain DTY67, hypersensitive to Cd2+-stress
G5ECE4
truncated mutant enzymes
with the TOPO TA Cloning kit for sequencing