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2.4.1.1: glycogen phosphorylase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about glycogen phosphorylase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 2.4.1.1

Reaction

[(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
+
phosphate
=
[(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n-1
 +
alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate

Synonyms

1,4-alpha-glucan phosphorylase, alpha-1,4 glucan phosphorylase, alpha-1,4-glycan phosphorylase, alpha-glucan phosphorylase, alpha-glucan phosphorylase H, alpha-glucan/maltodextrin phosphorylase, alphaGP, amylopectin phosphorylase, amylophosphorylase, CcStP, cyosolic phosphorylase, GlgP, glucan phosphorylase, glucosan phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase a, glycogen phosphorylase b, glycogen phosphorylase-a, GP, GP b, GPA, GPase, GPase a, GPb, GPBB, GPH, granulose phosphorylase, MalP, maltodextrin phosphorylase, More, muscle glycogen phosphorylase, muscle phosphorylase, muscle phosphorylase a and b, myophosphorylase, PF1535, Phb, PHO, Pho 2, Pho1, phosphorylase a, phosphorylase b, phosphorylase, alpha-glucan, plastidial phosphorylase, polyphosphorylase, potato phosphorylase, RMGPa, rmGPb, SP, starch phosphorylase, starch phosphorylase H, stGP, StP, tGPGG, type L alpha-glucan phosphorylase

ECTree

     2 Transferases
         2.4 Glycosyltransferases
             2.4.1 Hexosyltransferases
                2.4.1.1 glycogen phosphorylase

Source Tissue

Source Tissue on EC 2.4.1.1 - glycogen phosphorylase

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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
expression of both muscle isoform and phosphorylase BB
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
contains only cytosolic isozyme
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
isoform BB (brain) is the predominant isozyme expressed in enteric glial cells and rare neurons of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses. Isoform MM (muscle) appears in cells which are, according to their location and morphology, probably interstitial cells of Cajal. Both glycogen phosphorylase isoforms are expressed in longitudinal and circular intestinal smooth muscle layers
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
branchial epithelial cells, colocalization of phosphorylase tGPGG and glycogen in glycogen-rich cells, which surround ionocytes in gill epithelia
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
isoform BB (brain) is the predominant isozyme expressed in enteric glial cells
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
strong expression
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
one h after the onset of pilocarpineinduced status, staining of active glycogen phosphorylase is reduced in most regions of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex relative to saline-injected controls. One week after status, there is increased active glycogen phosphorylase and total glycogen phosphorylase, especially in the inner molecular layer, where synaptic reorganization of granule cell mossy fibre axons occurs
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
isoform MM (muscle) appears in cells which are, according to their location and morphology, probably interstitial cells of Cajal
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
strong expression
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
cell isozyme I
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
vagus nerve, ubiquitous presence of glycogen phosphorylase isoform BB, but not muscle isoform, in the axons of spinal and sciatic nerves, but not in Schwann cells
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
isoform BB (brain) is the predominant isozyme expressed in rare neurons of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
glycogen phosphorylase is present in the axons of spinal and sciatic nerves, but not in Schwann cells. Presence of the glycogen phosphorylase BB (brain) isoform, but not the MM (muscle) isoform
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
the glycogen phosphorylase isoform BB (brain), but not the glycogen phosphorylase MM isoform (muscle) is expressed in the chicken retina in neuronal and glial cells. Glycogen phosphorylase is expressed in various layers of the retina some of which, e.g., the photoreceptor inner segments, are known to be sites of high energy consumption. This suggests important roles of glycogen phosphorylase BB, and therefore glycogen, in early differentiation, spontaneous wave generation and in formation and stabilization of synapses
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
parenchymal cells
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
etiolated, low enzyme content
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information