2.4.1.11: glycogen(starch) synthase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about glycogen(starch) synthase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.4.1.11
-
2.4.1.11
-
kinase-3
-
phosphorylase
-
insulin-stimulated
-
hepatocytes
-
alzheimer
-
3-kinase
-
clamp
-
mellitus
-
tau
-
hexokinase
-
neuroprotective
-
hyperglycemia
-
6-phosphate
-
lithium
-
phosphatidylinositol
-
glucose-6-phosphatase
-
glycogenolysis
-
amylose
-
disposal
-
hyperphosphorylation
-
insulin-resistant
-
insulin-mediated
-
hyperinsulinemic
-
irs-1
-
waxy
-
glycogenesis
-
amylopectin
-
licl
-
adp-glucose
-
niddm
-
glucokinase
-
soleus
-
glucose-6-p
-
non-insulin-dependent
-
insulin-induced
-
amp-dependent
-
vastus
-
euglycemic
-
phosphatase-1
-
gsk-3beta
-
agpase
-
debranching
-
p-gsk-3
-
medicine
-
substrate-1
-
2,6-bisphosphate
-
euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic
-
nonoxidative
-
phosvitin
-
kinase-3beta
-
nutrition
-
lafora
- 2.4.1.11
- kinase-3
- phosphorylase
-
insulin-stimulated
- hepatocytes
- alzheimer
- 3-kinase
-
clamp
- mellitus
- tau
- hexokinase
-
neuroprotective
- hyperglycemia
- 6-phosphate
- lithium
- phosphatidylinositol
- glucose-6-phosphatase
-
glycogenolysis
- amylose
-
disposal
-
hyperphosphorylation
-
insulin-resistant
-
insulin-mediated
-
hyperinsulinemic
- irs-1
-
waxy
-
glycogenesis
- amylopectin
- licl
- adp-glucose
- niddm
- glucokinase
- soleus
-
glucose-6-p
-
non-insulin-dependent
-
insulin-induced
-
amp-dependent
-
vastus
-
euglycemic
- phosphatase-1
- gsk-3beta
- agpase
-
debranching
-
p-gsk-3
- medicine
- substrate-1
-
2,6-bisphosphate
-
euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic
-
nonoxidative
- phosvitin
- kinase-3beta
- nutrition
- lafora
Reaction
Synonyms
Cg-GYS, GBSS, GBSSI, glucosyltransferase, uridine diphosphoglucose-glycogen, glycogen synthase, glycogen synthase 2, glycogen synthase-2, glycogen synthetase (starch), granule bound starch synthase, granule-bound starch synthase, GS-I, GSN, GSY2p, Gys-2, GYS1, GYS2, Gys2p, starch synthase I, starch/glycogen synthase, TVAG_258220, UDP-glucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase, UDP-glycogen synthase, UDPG-glycogen synthetase, UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase, uridine diphosphoglucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase
ECTree
Advanced search results
Posttranslational Modification
Posttranslational Modification on EC 2.4.1.11 - glycogen(starch) synthase
Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
glycoprotein
the enzyme has two potential N-glycosylation sites at residues 520 and 577
phosphoprotein
additional information
-
phosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate independent enzyme, i.e. I enzyme, results in glucose-6-phosphate dependent enzyme, i.e. D enzyme
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate independent enzyme, i.e. I enzyme, results in glucose-6-phosphate dependent enzyme, i.e. D enzyme
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation fails to convert between D and I form
phosphoprotein
-
in healthy subjects, adrenaline infusion increases blood glucose concentration by approximately 50%, but a hyperinsulinemic clamp normalizes blood glucose within 30 minutes. Insulin increases glycogen synthase fractional activity and decreases glycogen synthase Ser641 and Ser645,649,653,657 phosphorylation. In the presence of adrenaline, insulin does neither activate glycogen synthase nor dephosphorylate glycogen synthase Ser641. Glycogen synthase Ser7 phosphorylation is not influenced by adrenaline. Adrenaline increases plasma lactate concentration, and muscle glycogen content is reduced in skeletal muscle the day after adrenaline infusion
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate independent enzyme, i.e. I enzyme, results in glucose-6-phosphate dependent enzyme, i.e. D enzyme
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate independent enzyme, i.e. I enzyme, results in glucose-6-phosphate dependent enzyme, i.e. D enzyme
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylated by Ca2+-calmodulin dependent protein kinase in fast-twitch skeletal muscle. Phosphorylation does not affect glycogen synthase activity by itself, but it might be necessary for the modulation of glycogen synthase by other protein kinases
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation of enzyme a into b leads to an altered enzyme activity in adult rats, newborn rat enzyme does not show b into a transformation
phosphoprotein
-
in low glycogen, basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and glycogen synthase activation is higher and glycogen synthase phosphorylation (Ser645, Ser649, Ser653, Ser657) lower than in normal glycogen. Muscles with high glycogen show lower insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and glycogen synthase activation than normal glycogen despite similar dephosphorylation
phosphoprotein
-
in the absence of insulin, glycogen synthase Ser645, Ser649, Ser653, and Ser657 phosphorylation is similar in soleus muscles from control and dexamethasone-treated rats. In epitrochlearis, glycogen synthase phosphorylation is slightly elevated in muscles from dexamethasone-treated rats. Contraction decreases glycogen synthase Ser645, Ser649, Ser653, and Ser657 phosphorylation in soleus to a similar low level in muscles from control and dexamethasone-treated rats. In epitrochlearis muscles, contraction also decreases glycogen synthase phosphorylation to a low level in muscles from control and dexamethasone-treated rats. In soleus and epitrochlearis muscles, the combination of contraction and insulin does not decrease glycogen synthase phosphorylation more than contraction alone
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate independent enzyme, i.e. I enzyme, results in glucose-6-phosphate dependent enzyme, i.e. D enzyme
phosphoprotein
-
the eukaryotic enzymes are inhibited by protein kinase mediated phosphorylation and activated by protein phosphatases and glucose-6-phosphate binding, regulation, overview
phosphoprotein
the enzyme harbors a C-terminal cluster of phosphorylation sites, but no N-terminal phosphorylation sites
phosphoprotein
regulatory sites of GYS1 that undergo reversible phosphorylation are identified: two of them, sites 2 and 2a, are located near the N-terminus, while the remaining seven sites, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, 5, 1a, and 1b, are found within the C-terminus. Insulin promotes dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in differentiated porcine satellite cells
phosphoprotein
regulatory sites of GYS2 that undergo reversible phosphorylation are identified: two of them, sites 2 and 2a, are located near the N-terminus, while the remaining seven sites, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, and 5 are found within the C-terminus, GYS2 does not contain sites 1a and 1b
phosphoprotein
-
regulatory sites of GYS1 that undergo reversible phosphorylation are identified: two of them, sites 2 and 2a, are located near the N-terminus, while the remaining seven sites, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, 5, 1a, and 1b, are found within the C-terminus. Insulin promotes dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in differentiated porcine satellite cells
-
phosphoprotein
-
regulatory sites of GYS2 that undergo reversible phosphorylation are identified: two of them, sites 2 and 2a, are located near the N-terminus, while the remaining seven sites, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, and 5 are found within the C-terminus, GYS2 does not contain sites 1a and 1b
-
-
no covalently attached amino sugars, 2% carbohydrate
additional information
the enzyme contains no signal peptide, putative cleavage sites, and transmembrane domain
additional information
-
the enzyme contains no signal peptide, putative cleavage sites, and transmembrane domain