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2.5.1.18: glutathione transferase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about glutathione transferase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 2.5.1.18

Reaction

RX
+
glutathione
=
HX
 +
R-S-glutathione

Synonyms

2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylic acid isomerase, 26GST, adGSTD4-4, agGSTe2, allergen Der p 2, allergen Der p 8, alpha class glutathione transferase, Alpha class GST, alpha GST, alpha-class glutathione transferase, asGST5.5, AtGSTF2, AtuGSTH1-1, BaeAB, beta-etherase, bmGSTD, BphK, CgGSTM1, CgGSTM2, cGST, Chi class GST, Chi GST, class mu glutathione S-transferase, delta class glutathione transferase, delta-class glutathione S-transferase, Delta-class glutathione transferase, EC 1.8.6.1, EC 2.5.1.12, EC 2.5.1.13, EC 2.5.1.14, EC 4.4.1.7, EGST, epsilon class GST, Epsilon glutathione S-transferase, Epsilon glutathione transferase, Epsilon GST, epsilon-class glutathione S-transferase, epsilon-class glutathione transferase, GHR, glutathione S-alkyl transferase, glutathione S-aralkyltransferase, glutathione S-aryltransferase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione S-transferase 2, glutathione S-transferase A1-1, glutathione S-transferase A3-3, glutathione S-transferase AdFSTD3-3, glutathione S-transferase I, glutathione S-transferase omega 1, glutathione S-transferase omega 2, glutathione S-transferase P1-1, glutathione S-transferase pi, glutathione S-transferase Pi-1, glutathione S-transferase X, glutathione transferase, glutathione transferase A1-1, glutathione transferase A4-4, glutathione transferase M1-1, glutathione transferase M2-2, glutathione transferase Omega 3S, glutathione transferase omega-1, glutathione transferase P1-1, glutathione transferase Pi, glutathione transferase T1-1, glutathione transferase zeta, glutathione transferase zeta 1, glutathione transferase Zeta 1-1, glutathione transferase zeta1-1, glutathione transferase-like protein, glutathione-S-transferas, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione-S-transferase pi, glutathione-transferase, GmGSTU4-4, GSH S-transferase, GSH transferase, GSH transferase homologue, GSH-S transferase rho, GSHTase-P, GST, GST A1-1, GST A2-2, GST A3-3, GST A4-4, GST adgstD4-4, GST alpha, GST Delta 2, GST I, GST II, GST III, GST IV, GST M1-1, GST M2-2, GST M4-4, GST M5-5, GST mu, GST O1-1, GST P1-1, GST pi, GST T1-1, GST Tau, GST Tau19, GST Z1-1, GST-1, GST-2, GST-26, GST-3, GST-Acr, GST-OCX-32, GST-T, GST-theta, GST1, GST1b, GST2, GST20, GST3, GST4, GST5, GST5118, GST7, GST83044, Gsta, GSTA1, GSTA1-1, GSTA2-2, GSTA3, GSTA3-3, GSTA4, GSTA4-4, GSTA4L, GSTA5, GSTA5-5, GSTalpha1, GSTD, GSTD1, GSTD10, GSTd14, GSTD2, GSTD4, GSTD4-4, GSTE1, GSTE2, GSTE3, GSTE4, GSTE5, GSTE6, GSTE7, GSTE8, GSTF12-1, GSTF12-2, GSTF3, GSTF5, GSTF9, GSTFuA1, GSTk, GSTK1, GSTL1, GSTL2, GSTL3, Gstm, GSTm09, GSTM1, GSTM1-1, GSTM2, GSTM2-2, GSTM3, GSTM3-3, GSTM4, GSTM4-4, GSTM5, GSTM5-5, GSTmu, GSTO, GSTO1, GSTO1-1, GSTO2, GSTO2-2, GstO2A, GstO2B, GSTO3, GSTO3S, GSTO4, GSTO7, GSTP, GSTP 1-1, GSTP-1, GSTP1, GSTP1-1, Gstr1, GSTrho, GSTS, GSTS1, GSTS1-1, GSTS2, GSTS3, GSTT, GSTT1, GSTT1-1, Gstt1a, GSTT2, GSTT2-2, GSTT2B-2B, GSTT4, GSTT4L, GSTU1, GSTU10, GSTU10-10, GSTU11, GSTU12, GSTU13, GSTU13-1, GSTU14, GSTU16, GSTU17, GSTU18, GSTU19, GSTU2, GSTU2-2, GSTU21, GSTU24, GSTU24-1, GSTU25, GSTU26, GSTU28, GSTU3, GSTU4, GSTU45, GSTU5, GSTU6, GSTU7, GSTU8, GSTU9, GSTZ, Gstz1, GSTZ1-1, GTT1.2, HCCA isomerase, Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase, hGSTA-3, hGSTA1-1, hGSTZ1-1, kappa class glutathione transferase, kappa class GSH transferase, Kappa class GST, KKSG9, lambda glutathione transferase, MAAI, MGST1, MGST2, MGST3, Mgst3a, Mgst3b, microsomal glutathione transferase 1, microsomal glutathione transferase-1, More, mtMGST1, mu class glutathione S-transferase, Mu class GST, mu glutathione transferase, Mu GST, mu-class glutathione S-transferase, mu-class glutathione S-transferase1, Mu-class GST, Mu-GST, nu-class glutathione transferase, Omega class GST, omega glutathione S-transferase, omega glutathione transferase, omega-class glutathione S-transferase, omega-class glutathione S-transferase 2, pGSTA1, phi class glutathione transferase, Pi class GST, pm-GSTR1, PmGST, PtGSTU1, PvGSTF1-1, PvGSTU2-2, PvGSTU3-3, rho class glutathione S-transferase, rho-GST, RX: glutathione R-transferase, RX:glutathione R-transferase, S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase, Saro_2873/Saro_2872, selenium-containing glutathione transferase zeta1-1, seleno-hGSTZ1-1, SGST26.5, sigma class glutathione transferase, Sigma class GST, sigma glutathione S-transferase, sigma-class glutathione S-transferase, sigma-class GST, SIGST, Sj26GST, sjGST, sll1545, ssGST3, ssGST5, tau class glutathione S-transferase, tau class glutathione transferase, tau class GST, tau class GSTU4-4, TDR1, theta class glutathione S-transferase, theta class glutathione transferase T1-1, theta class GST, theta-class glutathione transferase, thiol-dependent reductase I, Ure2p mutant A122C, Ure2pB1, Xi class glutathione transferase, Ya-GST, YghU, zeta class glutathione S-transferase, Zeta class GST

ECTree

     2 Transferases
         2.5 Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups
             2.5.1 Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups (only sub-subclass identified to date)
                2.5.1.18 glutathione transferase

Expression

Expression on EC 2.5.1.18 - glutathione transferase

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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
0.05% (v/v) H2O2, 0.05% (w/v) SDS, 0.1% (w/v) urea, 1% (v/v) 1-butanol, 0.05% (2/v) bile salt, 2% (v/v) ethanol, 0.05% (w/v) equally mixed amino acids, pH 6.0 and anaerobic incubation at 40°C for 24 h enhances enzyme productivity
at least 31 GST genes show response to plant hormones auxin and cytokinin, differential expression of quite a large number of GST genes during various abiotic stress, arsenate stress and biotic stress conditions, detailed overview
-
expression is induced by exposure of poplar tissues to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene
expression of HdGSTO1, and also of HdGSTO2 in other tissues but to a lower extent, in gills is highgly upregulated by heat shock, heavy metals and endocrinedisrupting chemical exposure, e.g. by beta-naphthoflavone, benzo [alpha] pyrene, aroclor-1254, and tributyltin chloride
-
expression of isoform GSTS1 significantly increases in the hepatopancreas and muscle under the three pesticide (trichlorfon, beta-cypermethrin and avermectin) stresses compared to the control group, and a steady increase in enzyme activity is observed
expression of the isoform GST2 significantly increases in the hepatopancreas and muscle under the three pesticide (trichlorfon, beta-cypermethrin and avermectin) stresses compared to the control group, and a steady increase in enzyme activity is observed
expression of the isoform GST3 significantly increases in the hepatopancreas and muscle under the three pesticide (trichlorfon, beta-cypermethrin and avermectin) stresses compared to the control group, and a steady increase in enzyme activity is observed
glutathione S-transferase is upregulated 2.6fold in a glutathione reductase depleted glrA-deletion strain, overview
-
GSTs are selectively stress-inducible
-
GSTU1B and GSTF6 sequences show high-expression levels that increase with time in well-watered plants and under drought stress in all cultivars, especially in the drought-tolerant Plainsman cultivar
GSTU1B and GSTF6 sequences show high-expression levels that increased with time in well-watered plants and under drought stress in all cultivars, especially in the drought-tolerant Plainsman cultivar
in the olfactory organs, the GSTD2 mRNA level is strongly decreased (5.9fold) in the presence of phenethyl-isothiocyanate
isoform GSTD2 expression levels increase in the presence of propyl-, phenethyl- and allyl-isothiocyanates with phenethyl-isothiocyanate (0.25 mM) inducing the highest effect (6fold increase). Phenethyl-isothiocyanate highly induces GSTD2 mRNA expression in the taste organs (3.5fold)
isoform GSTU10-10 is specifically expressed in response to biotic stress caused by soybean mosaic virus infections
isoform GSTU2 expression is strongly induced by 100 mM NaCl
-
methyl isothiocyanate, allyl isothiocyanate, and phenethylisothiocyanate induce the enzyme expression, especially of isozyme GSTU19, inhibit plant growth, and induce severe bleaching in the rosette leaves. The bleaching is concomitant with the elevation of electrolyte leakage and the generation of hydrogen peroxide
mRNA expression of isoform GSTmu is significantly elevated upon lipopolysaccharide, Poly (I:C), and Edwardsiella tarda challenges in liver and in blood cells as well as with Streptococcus iniae challenge in blood cells
mRNA expression of isoform GSTrho is significantly elevated upon lipopolysaccharide, Poly (I:C), and Edwardsiella tarda challenges in liver and in blood cells as well as with Streptococcus iniae challenge in blood cells
pH stress downregulates enzyme expression in gills
pH stress upregulates enzyme expression in hepatopancreas and hematocytes, Mu-GST expression is stimulated by acidic pH
plant-specific phi class of glutathione transferases, GSTFs, are often highly stress-inducible and expressed in a tissue-specific manner
-
the expression of isoform GSTU12 is downregulated in response to heavy metal stresses with Cd2+, Cr2+ and Pb2+
-
the expression of isoforms GSTU3, GSTU24-1, GSTU19, GSTU13-1 and GSTT1-1 are upregulated in response to heavy metal stresses with Cd2+, Cr2+ and Pb2+
-
the mRNA expression is significantly up-regulated in all tissues after stimulation with peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide. The expression of mRNA in kidney and foot is also significantly (about 38fold) up-regulated by microcystin-LR
treatment of Phaseolus vulgaris leaves with the aryloxyphenoxypropionic herbicide fluazifop-p-butyl, i.e. butyl 2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoate, results in induction of three GST isozyme activities, i.e. PvGSTF1-1, PvGSTU2-2 and PvGSTU3-3
-
Vibrio splendidus challenge in vivo and lipopolysaccharide stimulation in vitro can both significantly up-regulate the mRNA expression of isoform GST-theta when compared with control group
-