2.7.1.182: phytol kinase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about phytol kinase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.7.1.182
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2.7.1.182
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chlorophyll
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tocopherol
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geranylgeranyl
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chlorophyllide
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geranylgeranyl-diphosphate
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photosystem
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tomato
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phytyl
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synechocystis
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prenyl
- 2.7.1.182
- chlorophyll
- tocopherol
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geranylgeranyl
- chlorophyllide
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geranylgeranyl-diphosphate
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photosystem
- tomato
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phytyl
- synechocystis
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prenyl
Reaction
Synonyms
At5g04490, phytol kinase, SlVTE5, VTE, VTE5
ECTree
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General Information
General Information on EC 2.7.1.182 - phytol kinase
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malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
downregulation of tomato phytol kinase strongly impairs tocopherol biosynthesis and affects prenyllipid metabolism in an organ-specific manner. VTE5-deficient plants display starch accumulation and lower CO2 assimilation in leaves associated with mild yield penalty. Carbohydrate export blockage in the VTE5-deficient plants affecting tomato fruit quality. Chlorophyll content is not affected in SlVTE5-RNAi lines. Phenotype, overview
malfunction
the growth defect of vte6-1 is alleviated in the vte5-2/vte6-1 double mutant. The tocopherol-deficient mutants vte1, vte2, vte4, and vte5 can grow on soil and produce fertile seeds, while vte6-1 and vte6-2 cannot grow photoautotrophically and are infertile. Amounts of phytol are unchanged in vte5-2 and vte5-2/vte6-1 mutants compared with the wild-type
malfunction
silenced mutant vte5 suffers strong photoinhibition and photobleaching when exposed to combined high-light and high-temperature stress, but neither stress alone produces a visible phenotype. Mutant vte5 has plastoquinone levels similar to those of the wild-type under combined stress, the strong phenotype can be attributed to the lack of alpha-tocopherol. Mutant vte5 plants accumulate free phytol in the leaf
phytol from chlorophyll degradation can be phosphorylated to phytyl-phosphate by phytol kinase, EC 2.7.1.182, and to phytyl-diphosphate, the substrate for tocopherol (vitamin E) synthesis by phytyl-diphosphate kinase, EC 2.7.4.BX. Tocopherol synthesis in leaves depends on phytol derived from chlorophyll, not on de novo synthesis of phytyl-diphosphate from geranylgeranyl-diphosphate. The phytol phosphorylation pathway is essential for plant growth and development
metabolism
the enzyme is essential in tocopherol biosynthesis, tocopherol biosynthetic and related pathways, overview
physiological function
phytol is phosphorylated to phytyl-phosphate and phytyl-diphosphate by two successive kinase activities. Phosphorylation of free phytol represents an alternative route for phytyl-diphosphate production as the precursor for chloroplast prenyl lipid synthesis. Lipid esters are produced after feeding phytol to Arabidopsis seedlings, and they also accumulate in large amounts in leaves during senescence. The predominant phytyl ester that accumulates during senescence is hexadecatrienoic acid phytyl ester
physiological function
chlorophyll phytol tail recycling depends on phytol kinase activity. Phytol diphosphate is required for synthesis of tocopherol involving the condensation with an aromatic head group
physiological function
the essential enzyme is required for tocopherol synthesis and photoautotrophic growth synthesizing phytyl phosphate from phytol from degenerated chlorophyll in the phytol phosphorylation pathway
physiological function
essential role for phytol kinase and tocopherol in tolerance to combined light and temperature stress in tomato. Phytol kinase VTE5 acts in the biosynthetic pathway of tocopherols. VTE5 protects against combined high-light and high-temperature stress and does so by supporting alpha-tocopherol production