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dimer
2 * 51000
heterotetramer
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heterotetramer
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x * 48000 + x * 54000, wild-type, SDS-PAGE
heterotetramer
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x * 50000 + x * 53000 SDS-PAGE
heterotetramer
the small subunit is 50000 Da
heterotetramer
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x * 54000 + x * 55000 SDS-PAGE
heterotetramer
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plant enzymes, composed of two large, 51000-60000 Da, and two small subunits, 50000-55000 Da
heterotetramer
2 * 56104, small subunit, plus 2 * x, large subunit, calculated and miolecular modeling
heterotetramer
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plant enzymes, composed of two large, 51000-60000 Da, and two small subunits, 50000-55000 Da
heterotetramer
2 * 56104, small subunit, plus 2 * x, large subunit, calculated and molecular modeling
heterotetramer
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the enzyme includes two distinct S and L homologous subunits, S2L2 or alpha2beta2
heterotetramer
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leaf: x * 50000 + x * 54000 SDS-PAGE, two-dimensional PAGE reveals at least six isoforms of the large subunit and two isoforms of the small subunit, fruit: x * 50000 + x * 51000 SDS-PAGE
heterotetramer
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plant enzymes, composed of two large, 51000-60000 Da, and two small subunits, 50000-55000 Da
heterotetramer
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the large subunit is 51000 Da, major function is to modulate the regulatory properties of the enzyme and the small subunit is 50000 Da, major function is catalysis, SDS-PAGE
heterotetramer
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enzyme consists of two regulatory large subunits and two catalytic small subunits. Allosterism and catalysis are the products of an interplay between the regulatory large subunits and the catalytic small subunits that result in a synergistic response to the allosteric effectors and substrates
heterotetramer
consists of two small and two large subunits
heterotetramer
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consists of two small, AGPB, and two slightly larger, AGPS, subunits
heterotetramer
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the enzyme is composed of pairs of large, LS, and small subunits, SS
heterotetramer
the enzyme is composed of pairs of large, LS, and small subunits, SS, 2 * 51000 + 2 * 50000 Da
heterotetramer
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x * 44000 + x * 48000, SDS-PAGE
heterotetramer
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plant enzymes, composed of two large, 51000-60000 Da, and two small subunits, 50000-55000 Da
heterotetramer
leaf: x * 51000 + x * 54000, endosperm: x * 52000 + x * 53000, SDS-PAGE
heterotetramer
2 * 56104, small subunit, plus 2 * x, large subunit, calculated and miolecular modeling
heterotetramer
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plant enzymes, composed of two large, 51000-60000 Da, and two small subunits, 50000-55000 Da
heterotetramer
consists of two small and two large subunits, BT2/SH2
heterotetramer
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containing two small and two large subunits
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 48347, calculated from nucleotide sequence
homotetramer
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4 * 46000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 51000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
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homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
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homotetramer
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bacterial enzyme is composed of four equally-sized subunits
homotetramer
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bacterial enzyme is composed of four equally-sized subunits
homotetramer
Rhodobacter gelatinosa
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homotetramer
Rhodobacter globiformis
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homotetramer
4 * 43850, calculated and SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 51000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
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homotetramer
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4 * 48000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
4 * 50000, the small subunit enzyme TG-15, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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bacterial enzyme is composed of four equally-sized subunits
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, the small subunit alone, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 50000, the small subunit enzyme TG-15, SDS-PAGE
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homotetramer
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bacterial enzyme is composed of four equally-sized subunits
homotetramer
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4 * 53000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
4 * 48180, deduced from nucleotide sequence
homotetramer
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4 * 52000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 52000, SDS-PAGE
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homotetramer
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4 * 96000, SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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4 * 54000 SDS-PAGE
homotetramer
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bacterial enzyme is composed of four equally-sized subunits
tetramer
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4 * alpha
tetramer
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AGPase is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants
tetramer
heterotetramer alpha2beta2 consisting of two small and two large subunits, APL1 and APL2, besides their regulatory role, have catalytic activity
tetramer
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AGPase is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants
tetramer
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AGPase is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants
tetramer
4 * 49200, calculated, 4 * 49000, SDS-PAGE
tetramer
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AGPase is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants
tetramer
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AGPase is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants
tetramer
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AGPase is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants
tetramer
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AGPase is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants
tetramer
4 * 42700, calculated and SDS-PAGE
tetramer
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4 * 42700, calculated and SDS-PAGE
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additional information
two domains: an N-terminal alpha/alpha sandwich and a C-terminal parallel beta-helix, ADPGlc PPase/fructose 6-phosphate structural model, overview
additional information
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two domains: an N-terminal alpha/alpha sandwich and a C-terminal parallel beta-helix, ADPGlc PPase/fructose 6-phosphate structural model, overview
additional information
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chimeric enzyme containing N-terminus of Solanum tuberosum enzyme small subunit and C-terminus of Anabaena sp. small subunit and the inverse chimera. The N-terminus determines stability and regulatory redox-dependent properties. The interaction between the putative N- and C-domains determines the affinity for 3-phosphoglycerate. The large subunit functions mainly in modulating regulation of the enzyme by coordinate action of 3-phosphoglycerate and phosphate
additional information
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the presence of functional small subunits is required for large subunit stability
additional information
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six Arabidopsis thaliana ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase-encoding genes (two small subunits, ApS1 and ApS2, and four large subunits, ApL1ApL4) studied. Based on mRNA expression, ApS1 is the main small subunit or catalytic isoform responsible for ADP-glucose diphosphorylase activity in all tissues of the plant. Large subunits play a regulatory role. ApL1 is the main large subunit in source tissues, whereas ApL3 and, to a lesser extent, ApL4 are the main isoforms present in sink tissues
additional information
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strain SG5, oligomer formation with several times the tetramer MW in the presence of 1 mM fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, not Escherichia coli B wild-type
additional information
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structure-function analysis, homology modelling, overview
additional information
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a Pro103-Arg115 loop is part of an activation path. It has strongly correlated movements with regions of the enzyme associated with regulation and ATP binding, and the optimal network pathways linking ATP and the activator binding Lys39 mainly involve residues of this loop. The loop is a distinct insertional element present only in allosterically regulated sugar nucleotide diphosphorylases
additional information
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strain SG5, oligomer formation with several times the tetramer MW in the presence of 1 mM fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, not Escherichia coli B wild-type
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additional information
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strain SG5, oligomer formation with several times the tetramer MW in the presence of 1 mM fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, not Escherichia coli B wild-type
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additional information
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AGPase conatins small and large subunits FagS and FagL. FagS has a unique Glu-Thr-Cys-Leu, ETCL, motif instead of the typical Citru motif QTCL
additional information
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additional information
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additional information
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a major 54000 Da polypeptide and a minor 48000 Da polypeptide in the cytoplasmic fraction, a 54000 Da polypeptide in the amyloplast fraction
additional information
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large subunit APL1
additional information
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additional information
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enzyme exist as tetrameric and dimeric forms
additional information
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additional information
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chimeric enzyme containing N-terminus of Solanum tuberosum enzyme small subunit and C-terminus of Anabaena sp. small subunit and the inverse chimera. The N-terminus determines stability and regulatory redox-dependent properties. The interaction between the putative N- and C-domains determines the affinity for 3-phosphoglycerate. The large subunit functions mainly in modulating regulation of the enzyme by coordinate action of 3-phosphoglycerate and phosphate
additional information
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higher plant ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is a heterotetramer consisting of two subunit types, which have evolved at different rates from a common ancestral gene. The potato tuber small subunit displays both catalytic and regulatory properties. The large subunit possesses catalytic and regulatory properties only when assembled with small subunit, the net properties of the heterotetrameric enzyme is a product of subunit synergy, modeling of AGPase structures, overview
additional information
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additional information
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additional information
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the large subunit is the major form in whole cell extracts and the small subunit is enriched in plastidial preparation
additional information
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additional information
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the enzyme exists in two forms that have significantly different stabilities and do not interconvert rapidly
additional information
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the three-dimensional monomer structures of the mutants AGPases BT2, BT2-TI, MP and MP-TI are modeled after the potato small subunit, overview