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D682A
-
site-directed mutagenesis of the central polymerase domain 1 active site residue
D683A
-
site-directed mutagenesis of the central polymerase domain 1 active site residue
C768Y
Q9LKP0
a C-to-T missense mutation in the first exon, the naturally occuring mutant rdr6-11 of RDR6 shows simultaneously enhanced SI and stigma exsertion, without associated increases in SRK transcript levels, phenotype, overview. The mutant exhibits stochastic stigma exsertion, and the S-locus receptor kinase, SRK, gene further enhances pistil elongation and stigma exsertion in this mutant background, a process that requires SRK catalytic activity and correlates with SRK transcript levels. rdr6-11 mutant plants are fertile and produce full siliques. By contrast, self-pollination of rdr6-11::Sb stigmas results in very low numbers of seeds per silique, indicating that mutant stigmas maintain SI into late stages of flower development even upon prolonged pollen-stigma contact
E291G
mutant is insensitive against inhibitor ethyl 2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-8-carboxylate
F224P
-
2-phenyl-N-(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-quinolinecarboxamide (CSFCII) resistant bovine viral diarrhea virus variants carry the F224P mutation in the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)
F224S
mutant is insensitive against inhibitors ethyl 2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-8-carboxylate, 5-[(4-bromophenyl)methyl]-2-phenyl-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine, and VP32947
F224Y/N264D
-
2-(2-furanyl)-N-(6-methyl-2-benzothiazolyl)-4-quinolinecarboxamide (CSFCI) resistant bovine viral diarrhea virus variants carry two mutations in the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), N264D and F224Y
F364A
-
the hydrophobic mutation leads to conformations with closed active site
F364W
-
the mutant enzym has no preference between the open and closed active sites, similar to wild-type enzyme
F364Y
-
mutation results in structure with open active site
E1069A
-
the mutation in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase can prevent the superinfection of the virus, with protection efficiency of 100%
E139Q
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the plough region
E165A
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the plough region
E165Q
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the plough region
E168Q
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the plough region
E172Q
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the plough region
E634Q
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the specificity pocket, the mutation to glutamine E634 eliminates this salt bridge without major disruption of the internal packaging within the polymerase
E652Q
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the plough region
K147L
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the rim of the template tunnel
K451A
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the specificity pocket
K451L
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the specificity pocket
K541A
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the rim of the template tunnel, the mutation reduces both the positive charge as well as the size and shape of the template tunnel rim
K541L
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the rim of the template tunnel, the mutation reduces both the positive charge as well as the size and shape of the template tunnel rim
K627A
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the rim of the template tunnel
K627L
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the rim of the template tunnel
L628S
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the specificity pocket
R146L
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the rim of the template tunnel
R291K
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the specificity pocket
R291S
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the specificity pocket
R30A
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the rim of the template tunnel, the mutation reduces both the positive charge as well as the size and shape of the template tunnel rim
T633A
Cystovirus phi6
-
site-directed mutagenesis in the specificity pocket
D238E
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is 45% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mg2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 0.04% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mn2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 0.74% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
D238F
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is 4.4% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. No AMP incorporation activity in presence of Mn2+ or Mg2+
D238N
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is 45% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mg2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 0.05% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mn2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 0.797% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
D238V
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is 11% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. No AMP incorporation activity in presence of Mn2+ or Mg2+
D328A/D329A
-
site-directed mutagenesis
D339A/S341A/D349A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows a partial loss of oligomerization with the less severe viral phenotype
G1A
-
mutant is only partially active and the N-terminal hydrogen-bonding network is partly disrupted
IF-KH I331F/K359H
-
the mutant is competent for copy-choice recombination
IF-PS-KH I331F/P356S/K359H
-
the triple mutant replicates even faster but still exhibits a significant reduction in the rate of replication relative to wild-type enzyme. The virus is impaired substantially for recombination in cells
K359H
-
the mutant enzyme catalyzes nucleotidyl transfer at a rate 10fold lower than wild-type. K359H poliovirus is genetically unstable and acquires mutations encoding two second-site amino acid substitutions after a few passages in cell cultures
K359R
-
the mutant enzyme catalyzes nucleotidyl transfer at a rate 10fold lower than wild-type
L446D
-
mutant with disrupt interface I of 3Dpol
L446N/R455A/R456A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytically complete inactive mutant
L446N/R455A/R456A/D328A/D329A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytically complete inactive mutant
N297D
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is 89% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mg2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 38.2% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mn2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 21.2% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
N297Q
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is about 35% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mg2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 1.4% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mn2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 0.72% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
N297V
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is about 55% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mg2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 15.3% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mn2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 4.9% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
PS-KH P356S/K359H
-
the mutant is competent for forced-copy-choice recombination
R455A/R456A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytically complete inactive mutant
R455D
-
mutant with disrupt interface I of 3Dpol
V33A/F34A
-
site-directed mutagenesis
V391L
-
naturally occuring mutant, temperature-sensitive mutant. Some function of V391L polymerase other than its catalytic activity can be supplemented at the nonpermissive temperature, most likely via the formation of oligomeric structures on the surface of membranous vesicles that facilitate the tethering of the active enzyme
M296I
-
the mutant exhibits reduced sensitivity to ribavirin
K802A
-
grapevine fanleaf virus produces characteristic symptoms of vein clearing in apical leaves in its systemic host Nicotiana benthamiana. The mutation abolishes symptom expression
K802G
-
grapevine fanleaf virus produces characteristic symptoms of vein clearing in apical leaves in its systemic host Nicotiana benthamiana. The mutation abolishes symptom expression
K802N
-
grapevine fanleaf virus produces characteristic symptoms of vein clearing in apical leaves in its systemic host Nicotiana benthamiana. The mutation attenuates symptom expression
K802P
-
grapevine fanleaf virus produces characteristic symptoms of vein clearing in apical leaves in its systemic host Nicotiana benthamiana. The mutation attenuates symptom expression
K802Q
-
grapevine fanleaf virus produces characteristic symptoms of vein clearing in apical leaves in its systemic host Nicotiana benthamiana. The mutation abolishes symptom expression
A105S
62% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
A396G
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
A421V
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
A97S
88% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
C274A
-
mutation completely abolishes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
C575S
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
D225A
-
mutant enzyme is capable of robust de novo initiation in the presence of Mn2+, produces reduced amounts of product of 38 nt and longer that arose from template switch
D559G
mutant with decreased susceptibility for inhibitor A-837093
E18A
-
mutation completely abolishes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
E440G
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
F101A
89% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
F101Y
134% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
G102A
32% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
G104A
146% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
G554D
mutant with decreased susceptibility for inhibitor A-837093
H502A
-
mutation completely abolishes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
H95S
104% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
I11V
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
I11V/I454V
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
I239L
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it increases the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
I239V
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
I432V
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
I454V
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
I482S
-
mutant confers resistance to AG-021541 and structurally related compounds but remains sensitive to interferon and HCV polymerase inhibitors known to interact with the active site or other allosteric sites of the protein
I482T
-
mutant confers resistance to AG-021541 and structurally related compounds but remains sensitive to interferon and HCV polymerase inhibitors known to interact with the active site or other allosteric sites of the protein
K100I
20% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
K72M
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
K72M/S282T
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
K72M/S282T/L564M
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
K81R
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
K81R/S282T
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
K81S/S282T
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
L320F
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
M423I
-
mutant confers resistance to AG-021541 and structurally related compounds but remains sensitive to interferon and HCV polymerase inhibitors known to interact with the active site or other allosteric sites of the protein
M423T
-
mutant confers resistance to AG-021541 and structurally related compounds but remains sensitive to interferon and HCV polymerase inhibitors known to interact with the active site or other allosteric sites of the protein
M423V
-
mutant confers resistance to AG-021541 and structurally related compounds but remains sensitive to interferon and HCV polymerase inhibitors known to interact with the active site or other allosteric sites of the protein
M426T
-
mutant confers resistance to AG-021541 and structurally related compounds but remains sensitive to interferon and HCV polymerase inhibitors known to interact with the active site or other allosteric sites of the protein
P495A
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation decreases RNA replication in the cell
P496A
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation decreases RNA replication in the cell
P538T
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
P540A
naturally occuring mutation, lethal effect of P540A mutation
P93A
90% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
P94A
115% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
Q438R
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
Q438R/E440G
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
R158A
-
mutation decreases de novo initiation of RNA synthesis
R158A/R367A/R386A
-
mutation eliminates de novo initiation product even in presence of Mn2+, but enzyme is capable of primer extension
R158A/R386A
-
mutation eliminates de novo initiation product even in presence of Mn2+, but enzyme is capable of primer extension
R158A/R394A
-
mutation eliminates de novo initiation product even in presence of Mn2+, but enzyme is capable of primer extension
R32A
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation decreases RNA replication in the cell
R32K
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation decreases RNA replication in the cell
R32S
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation decreases RNA replication in the cell
R386A
-
mutation decreases de novo initiation of RNA synthesis
R394A
-
mutation decreases de novo initiation of RNA synthesis
R48A
-
mutation decreases de novo initiation of RNA synthesis
R503A
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation completely ablates RNA replication in the cell
R556V
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
R98I
68% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
R98K
157% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
S282S/T/C575S/Y586C
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/A396G
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/A421V
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/C575S
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/I239L
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/I239L/A396G
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/I239L/A396G/V485L
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/I239S
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/I239V
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/I239V/A396G
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/K81R/S84S/P I239L/A300T/L320F/L/C, A421V, Y586C
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/L320F
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/L320S
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S282T/Y586C
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
S29A
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation decreases RNA replication in the cell
S368A
mutant with decreased susceptibility for inhibitor A-837093
S556G
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
S96T
82% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
S96T/N142T
the mutation of the NS5B polymerase mediates resistance to R7128. Long-term culture selection with PSI-6130 in replicon cells harboring preexisting mutation S96T/N142T results in the emergence of the S282T substitution and the reversion of S96T to wild-type serine
T92S
18% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
V405L
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
V494A
-
mutant confers resistance to AG-021541 and structurally related compounds but remains sensitive to interferon and HCV polymerase inhibitors known to interact with the active site or other allosteric sites of the protein
V499A
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation increases RNA replication in cells
V499G
-
mutation in the rGTP-specific binding site does not cause a decrease in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in vitro. Mutation completely ablates RNA replication in the cell
W550R
naturally occuring mutation, location in the protein and role in RNA binding, overview
Y103F
89% activity compared to the wild type enzyme
Y191A
-
mutation completely abolishes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
Y276A
-
mutation completely abolishes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
Y448H
mutant with decreased susceptibility for inhibitor A-837093
Y555C
mutant with decreased susceptibility for inhibitor A-837093
Y586C
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
L640D
the mutant of the PA subunit shows reduced transcriptional activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
L666D
the mutant of the PA subunit shows reduced transcriptional activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
V636S
the mutant of the PA subunit shows reduced transcriptional activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
W706A
the mutant of the PA subunit shows reduced transcriptional activity compared to the wild-type enzyme
D541A
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant's elongation activity is marginally reduced compared to the wild-type enzyme
R734A
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
R742A
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
S604A
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant's elongation activity is marginally reduced compared to the wild-type enzyme
S604A-D541A
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows no detectable primer extension activity
S799A
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
S799Y
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
D541A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant's elongation activity is marginally reduced compared to the wild-type enzyme
-
R734A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
-
R742A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
-
S799A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
-
S799Y
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant catalyzes elongation almost identically to the wild-type enzyme
-
W460A
-
activity comparable to wild-type
W460F
-
activity comparable to wild-type
W460Y
-
activity comparable to wild-type
Y41A
-
mutation in inhibitor-binding site, about 5fold increase in IC50 values for inhibitors suramin and 8,8'-[carbonylbis(iminobenzene-3,1-diylcarbonylimino)]dinaphthalene-1,3,5-trisulfonic acid
N812A
active site variant of RSV L-protein in the RSV L/P complex. The RSV L(N812A)/P complex does not produce RNA products with TrC sequence RNA as template
A185V
mutation causes change in secondary structure
A466V
mutation has no effect on secondary structure
A97V
mutation causes change in secondary structure
I201L
mutation has no effect on secondary structure
L329I
mutation has no effect on secondary structure
P323L
mutation causes change in secondary structure
V880I
mutation has no effect on secondary structure
A365N
mutation selected to stabilize the secondary structural elements near the rNTP binding pocket of the enzyme. Mutant viruses were tested in vitro on Vero, C6/36, Culex tarsalis and DF-1 cell types and in vivo in one day old chickens and Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Mutation affects plaque morphology and particularly alters growth and RNA replication kinetics
T363N
mutation selected to stabilize the secondary structural elements near the rNTP binding pocket of the enzyme. Mutant viruses were tested in vitro on Vero, C6/36, Culex tarsalis and DF-1 cell types and in vivo in one day old chickens and Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Mutation affects plaque morphology and alters growth and RNA replication kinetics
T537I
mutation selected to stabilize the secondary structural elements near the rNTP binding pocket of the enzyme. Mutant viruses were tested in vitro on Vero, C6/36, Culex tarsalis and DF-1 cell types and in vivo in one day old chickens and Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Mutation affects plaque morphology and alters growth and RNA replication kinetics
A365N
-
mutation selected to stabilize the secondary structural elements near the rNTP binding pocket of the enzyme. Mutant viruses were tested in vitro on Vero, C6/36, Culex tarsalis and DF-1 cell types and in vivo in one day old chickens and Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Mutation affects plaque morphology and particularly alters growth and RNA replication kinetics
-
T363N
-
mutation selected to stabilize the secondary structural elements near the rNTP binding pocket of the enzyme. Mutant viruses were tested in vitro on Vero, C6/36, Culex tarsalis and DF-1 cell types and in vivo in one day old chickens and Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Mutation affects plaque morphology and alters growth and RNA replication kinetics
-
T537I
-
mutation selected to stabilize the secondary structural elements near the rNTP binding pocket of the enzyme. Mutant viruses were tested in vitro on Vero, C6/36, Culex tarsalis and DF-1 cell types and in vivo in one day old chickens and Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Mutation affects plaque morphology and alters growth and RNA replication kinetics
-
S604T
-
the mutation confers resistance to nucleotide inhibitors, also conferred resistance to sofosbuvir triphosphate but not to 5-azidomethyl-3-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid hydroxyamide
D238A
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is 45% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mg2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 0.24% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mn2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 1.9% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
D238A
-
mutation destabilizes the catalytically competent enzyme-primer/template-NTP complex and reduces the efficiency of phosphoryl transfer
G64S
-
inactive
G64S
-
mutation of the key structural element of the alpha-helix in poliovirus RdRP, leads to the appearance of virus that reproduced better than the wild-type, the mutation stabilizes the interaction f Gly64 with residues Ala239 and Leu241 of the fingers subdomain
N297A
-
poly(rU) polymerase activity determined by using dT15/rA30 in presence of Mn2+ is 89% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mg2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 11.2% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme. AMP incorporation in presence of Mn2+, at 0.1 mM ATP, is 4.5% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
N297A
-
mutation destabilizes the catalytically competent enzyme-primer/template-NTP complex and reduces the efficiency of phosphoryl transfer
S282T
-
the mutation shows reduced sensitivity to 2'-hydroxy-2'-C-methyl nucleosides
S282T
the mutation occurs under PSI-6130 selection in cell culture, it reduces the enzyme activity compared to the wild-type enzyme. The mutation of the NS5B polymerase mediates a three to sixfold loss of sensitivity to PSI-6130 compared to the wild-type enzyme, lack of cross-resistance between PSI-6130 and R1479, overview
D536A
-
inactive
D536A
-
completely inactive enzyme
D668A
-
inactive
D668A
-
completely inactive enzyme
D669A
-
inactive
D669A
-
completely inactive enzyme
D669N
-
reduction in activity to about 5% relative to the parental NS5
D669N
-
mutant shows a reduction in activity to about 5% relative to the wild type enzyme
G605A
-
inactive
G605A
-
completely inactive enzyme
K691A
-
inactive
K691A
-
completely inactive enzyme
D536A
-
inactive
-
D536A
-
completely inactive enzyme
-
K691A
-
inactive
-
K691A
-
completely inactive enzyme
-
additional information
-
construction of dr2 knockout mutant plants, rdr2-1, showing reduced asymmetric 5S rDNA methylation at chromosomes 4 and 5 compared to the wild-type enzyme
additional information
-
construction of rdr1 and rdr6 mutants, that exhibit globally reduced levels of viral small RNA production as well as reduced strand bias in viral small RNA population, revealing an important role for these host RDRs in viral siRNA biogenesis, analysis of Tobacco Mosaic Virus small RNA profile in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants as well as rdr mutants rdr1-1 and rdr6-15 by applying small RNA deep sequencing technology, overview
additional information
-
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity remains in truncated proteins coding for the amino acids from position 514 or 893 to the C terminus
additional information
-
identification of RRF-3 siRNAs, overview. RRF-3 suppression by siRNA results in pleiotropic effects in sperm development, the sperm defects lead to embryonic lethality, nuclei of the mutant sperms are surrounded by ectopic microtubule structures with spindle abnormalities, phenotype, overview
additional information
-
identification of RRF-3 siRNAs, overview. RRF-3 suppression by siRNA results in pleiotropic effects in sperm development, the sperm defects lead to embryonic lethality, nuclei of the mutant sperms are surrounded by ectopic microtubule structures with spindle abnormalities, phenotype, overview
-
additional information
-
construction of several chimeras of a tobacco mosaic virus/oilseed rape mosaic virus RdRp chimeric mutant, the R-54k chimera consiting of a hybrid TMV-ORMV RdRp gene, and MP and CP genes of TMV, with an ORMV polymerase domain. Arabidopsis thaliana plants, RLD and Can-0 ecotypes, give nonuniform responses when inoculated with the chimeras
additional information
-
truncated enzyme forms resulting from deletions of 24, 36, or amino acid residues at the C terminal have RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity. Truncated enzyme with a deletion of 82 amino acid residues at the C terminal shows no RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity. Template specificity of the enzyme is not strict wirth NS5B proteins truncated, suggesting that the C terminal of CSFV NS5B protein is involved in the template specificity of the enzyme
additional information
Cystovirus phi6
-
structure-based mutagenesis of the enzyme, the elongation rates are not compromised by the mutations, while the transcription rates vary, phenotypes, overview
additional information
rrpC gene knockout by gene disruption
additional information
-
rrpC gene knockout by gene disruption
additional information
-
rrpC gene knockout by gene disruption
-
additional information
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construction of D-elp1 protein mutants through (1-1252 aa) and the DELTAC (1-843aa) and DELTAN (844-1252 aa) deletions. D-elp1 depletion inhibits RNAi in S2 cells but does not affect micro RNA function. D-elp1 depletion results in increased steady state levels of representative transposon RNAs and a decrease in the corresponding transposon antisense transcripts and endo siRNAs. In D-elp1 null third instar larvae transposon RNA levels are also increased and the corresponding transposon antisense RNAs are reduced
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a mutant is generated as a result of the deletion of a trinucleotide in the N-terminal portion of the coding region, pT7-POL(TRP-). The protein expressed from this mutant lacks a tryptophan residue normally present at the fifth amino acid from the N-terminal glycine. This protein has no detectable enzymatic activity. Mutant pT7-POL(AvII), which lacks the C-terminal 53 amino acids of the normal protein is also inactive
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generation of mutant 3D polymerase plasmids through splicing by overlapping extension PCR. Mutation of the active site of 3D polymerase does not impede its ability to oligomerize or to participate in functional complexes, the catalytically inactive polymerases participate productively in functional oligomer formation and catalysis. But polymerases containing mutations in the amino terminus, which lead to altered contacts in the folded polymerase and mutations in a known polymerase-polymerase interaction in the two-dimensional protein lattice, cannot participate in functional RNA replication complexes
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a hexahistidine affinity-tagged NS5B fusion protein is expressed with recombinant baculoviruses in insect cells
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mutant cm20t in which 7 amino acids in a row are changed to AAASAAA from aa17-23, is totally defective in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
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mutant cm1940t in which 7 amino acids in a row are changed to AAASAAA from aa191-197, is totally defective in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
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mutant enzymes cm2t and cm3t are totally defective in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity
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soluble Hepatitis C virus NS5B in the glutathione S-transferase-fused form NS5Bt which lacks the C-terminal 21 amino acid residues, expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant soluble enzyme exhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in vitro which is dependent on template and primer, but it does not exhibit the terminal transferase activity
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mutant enzyme cm223t in which 7 amino acids in a row are changed to AAASAAA from aa220-226, shows 50% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme
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C-terminal hydrophobic domain deletion mutant, NS5B DELTAC21, shows increased solubility, the deletion also positively affects the polymerase activity
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deletion of only 19 amino acids from the amino terminus severely reduces the polymerase activity, which is completely abolished when 40 amino acids are removed. Truncations from the carboxy terminus are less deleterious
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removal of the C21 domain enhances the enzyme stability. Whereas RNA synthesis by the full-length enzyme remains relatively constant at 12-100 mM KCl, synthesis by DELTA21 truncation mutatnt rapidly decreases at KCl concentrations greater than 12 mM. Binding by DELTA21 mutant but not full-length enzyme decreases proportionally as the KCl concentration increases from 25 to 200 mM. The truncation mutant becomes severely inhibited at elevated NTP concentrations, which most likely is due to competitive binding of the noncomplementary nucleotide to the polymerase catalytic center
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mutant activity analysis by transient replicon assay, overview
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mutant activity analysis by transient replicon assay, overview
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mutant NS5B DELTA21, produced by cells expressing the HCV replicon, shows increased ability to bind to RNA, with 8fold higher affinity compared to the wild-type, in the presence of cyclosporine A, overview. CsA-resistance mutations locate to two functionally related regions in NS5B structure. Purified recombinant NS5B mutants show higher de novo initiated RNA synthesis than the wild-type control
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mutant NS5B DELTA21, produced by cells expressing the HCV replicon, shows increased ability to bind to RNA, with 8fold higher affinity compared to the wild-type, in the presence of cyclosporine A, overview. CsA-resistance mutations locate to two functionally related regions in NS5B structure. Purified recombinant NS5B mutants show higher de novo initiated RNA synthesis than the wild-type control
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impairing the nuclear import of PB2 by mutating its nuclear localization signal leads to abnormal formation of the trimeric polymerase in the cytoplasm
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temperature sensitivity of a ts-mutant
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the activity of the 6His-tagged enzyme HRV-16 3D polymerase is identical to HRV-16 3D polymerase without the 6His-tag
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transfection of a mutant icDNA expressing an RdRp lacking the C-terminal disordered domain leads to a drastic reduction in the copy numbers of both forms of viral RNA. This could be due to the loss of interaction between the disordered domain of RdRp and P10 and possibly other viral/host proteins that might be required for the assembly of viral replicase
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transfection of a mutant icDNA expressing an RdRp lacking the C-terminal disordered domain leads to a drastic reduction in the copy numbers of both forms of viral RNA. This could be due to the loss of interaction between the disordered domain of RdRp and P10 and possibly other viral/host proteins that might be required for the assembly of viral replicase
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TMV-induced SlRDR1 expression is blocked by SlAOX1a silencing and enhanced by AOX activator, but SlRDR1 silencing does not influence TMV-induced SlAOX1a activation
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silencing of the transcripts of StRDR1a and StRDR1b by dsRNA hairpin transcripts, expression of silencing constructs for StRDR1 does not affect the expression of the StRDR2 or the StRDR6 genes. Gene silencing does not affect the plant susceptibility to plant viruses, potato virus Y, potato virus X, and tobacco mosaic virus
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silencing of the transcripts of StRDR1a and StRDR1b by dsRNA hairpin transcripts, expression of silencing constructs for StRDR1 does not affect the expression of the StRDR2 or the StRDR6 genes. Gene silencing does not affect the plant susceptibility to plant viruses, potato virus Y, potato virus X, and tobacco mosaic virus
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construction of several chimeras of a tobacco mosaic virus/oilseed rape mosaic virus RdRp chimeric mutant, the R-54k chimera consisting of a hybrid TMV-ORMV RdRp gene, and MP and CP genes of TMV, with an ORMV polymerase domain. Arabidopsis thaliana plants, RLD and Can-0 ecotypes, give nonuniform responses when inoculated with the chimeras
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construction of an RdRp-defective gRNA mutant
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non-polyadenylated transcripts from a sampling of long-terminal repeat, LTR, retrotransposons are lost in rdr2 mutants
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active-site mutation, GDD -> GAA, in amino acid positions 663 to 665 of NS5 causes the complete loss of NS5 polymerase activity
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active-site mutation, GDD -> GAA, in amino acid positions 663 to 665 of NS5 causes the complete loss of NS5 polymerase activity