2.7.7.9: UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.7.7.9
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2.7.7.9
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phosphoglucomutase
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polysaccharide
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glycogen
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galactose
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udp-galactose
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adp-glucose
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exopolysaccharide
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dictyostelium
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udp-sugars
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udp-n-acetylglucosamine
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leloir
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galactose-1-phosphate
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udp-glucuronic
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galactokinase
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aureobasidium
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pyrophosphorolysis
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sucrose-phosphate
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gellan
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xylinum
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agriculture
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synthesis
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medicine
- 2.7.7.9
- phosphoglucomutase
- polysaccharide
- glycogen
- galactose
- udp-galactose
- adp-glucose
- exopolysaccharide
- dictyostelium
- udp-sugars
- udp-n-acetylglucosamine
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leloir
- galactose-1-phosphate
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udp-glucuronic
- galactokinase
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aureobasidium
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pyrophosphorolysis
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sucrose-phosphate
- gellan
- xylinum
- agriculture
- synthesis
- medicine
Reaction
Synonyms
All3274, CugP, cyanobacterial UDP-Glc PPase, ExoN, GalU, gfugp, Glc-1-P UTase, GlcNAc-1-P UTase, glucose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, glucose-1-phosphate urididyltransferase, glucose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase, glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, KF278717, plastid UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, rml-1, ScUGPase-1, sll1558, ST0452, ST0452 protein, STK_04520, sugar-1-P NTase, sugar-1-phosphate nucleotidylyltransferase, TaGalU, UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase, UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase, UDP-GlcPPase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 1, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase isoenzyme UGP5, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase UGP1, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase UGP2, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase UGP3, UDPG phosphorylase, UDPG pyrophosphorylase, UDPG-pyrophosphorylase, UDPglucose pyrophosphorylase, UDPGP, UGP, ugp-1, UGP1, UGP3, UgpA, UGPase, UGPase1, UGPase2, UGPG-PPase, UPD1, uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphate-D-glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, uridine-diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, uridylyltransferase, glucose 1-phosphate, UTP/dTTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyl/thymidylyl transferase, UTP:alpha-D-glucose uridylyltransferase, UTP:glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, VldB
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2.7.7.9 UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferaseAdvanced search results
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General Information on EC 2.7.7.9 - UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
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GENERAL INFORMATION 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
drug target
evolution
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
drug target
since the eukaryotic UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylases are completely unrelated to their prokaryotic counterparts, it is propose that the GalU enzyme is a critical target to fight the pneumococcal disease. Inactivation of the galU gene completely abolishes the formation of the capsule, and, therefore, renders the pneumococcus completely avirulent. The proposed colorimetric test is as appropriate to screen and characterize specific inhibitors of GalU enzyme in the search of antipneumococcal drugs
drug target
UDP-mediated decrease in the virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae. UDP is an effective inhibitor of pneumococcal UGPase
evolution
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a feature that discriminates UGPs of different species is the quaternary organization. While UGPs in protists are monomers, di- and tetrameric forms exist in bacteria, and the enzyme from yeast and human are octameric UGPs
malfunction
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lack of sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol in the Arabidopsis ugp3 knockout mutant. The mutant does not show significant differences in glycosides and saccharides between wild type and ugp3 mutants
malfunction
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lack of sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol in the Arabidopsis ugp3 knockout mutant. The mutant does not show significant differences in glycosides and saccharides between wild type and ugp3 mutants
malfunction
knockdown of rml-1, rml-4 and rml-5 (but not rml-2 and rml-3) causes lethality of the embryo
malfunction
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in comparison with wild-type strain V07DF2 and complementation strains, the UGP knocked down mutant 24C9 exhibits sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate (perturbing membrane integrity) and high sodium chloride concentration (high osmotic pressure stress). More than 25% of the conidia of the mutant developed into short and swollen hypha and formed hyperbranching and compact colonies. The mutant exhibits decreased virulence on cotton and tobacco seedlings. The germination of the mutant spores is significantly delayed compared with the wild-type strain on the host roots
malfunction
Verticillium dahliae V07DF2
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in comparison with wild-type strain V07DF2 and complementation strains, the UGP knocked down mutant 24C9 exhibits sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate (perturbing membrane integrity) and high sodium chloride concentration (high osmotic pressure stress). More than 25% of the conidia of the mutant developed into short and swollen hypha and formed hyperbranching and compact colonies. The mutant exhibits decreased virulence on cotton and tobacco seedlings. The germination of the mutant spores is significantly delayed compared with the wild-type strain on the host roots
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metabolism
the enzyme catalyzes the last and reversible step of the de novo UDP-Glc biosynthetic pathway
metabolism
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the enzyme is important in sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, SQDG, biosynthesis in chloroplasts together with UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase, SQD1 EC 3.13.1.1, and SQDG synthase, SQD2, mechanism for SQDG biosynthesis, overview. Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol is the only sulfur-containing anionic glycerolipid, a relatively minor relatively minor, and is the least prevalent component of photosynthetic membrane lipids. The function of SQDG under phosphate-limited growth conditions is highly correlated with the regulation of other plant glycerolipid biosyntheses. UGP3 is not involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and cellulose, but rather is likely to be specifically involved in SQDG synthesis
metabolism
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the enzyme is important in sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, SQDG, biosynthesis in chloroplasts together with UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase, SQD1 EC 3.13.1.1, and SQDG synthase, SQD2, mechanism for SQDG biosynthesis, overview. Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol is the only sulfur-containing anionic glycerolipid, a relatively minor relatively minor, and is the least prevalent component of photosynthetic membrane lipids. The function of SQDG under phosphate-limited growth conditions is highly correlated with the regulation of other plant glycerolipid biosyntheses. UGP3 is not involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and cellulose, but rather is likely to be specifically involved in SQDG synthesis
metabolism
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UDPG-pyrophosphorylase is the key enzyme involved in pullulan biosynthesis and pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans
metabolism
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UGP2 is unable to replace UGP1 in the UGP1 knockout lines, even though it bears similar metabolic functions to UGP. The majority of proteins that are responsive to FB1 treatment are located in the chloroplast and have functions associated with photosynthesis
metabolism
rml-1 and gmp-1 are essential in embryogenesis and larval development
metabolism
the enzyme is involved in the dTDP-rhamnose biosynthetic pathway
metabolism
the enzyme is proposed to function in the biosynthesis of trehalose, one component of the maradolipids in the cuticle, which protectworms from harsh environments
metabolism
UTP/dTTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyl/thymidylyl transferase RML-1 converts alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate in the presence of dTTP or UTP into dTDP-Glc or UDP-Glc, respectively. The dTDP-Glc is used for the biosynthesis of rhamnose in Caenorhabditis elegans, whereas the UDP-Glc may be used in the biosynthesis of glycogen, glycolipids and/or N-glycans
metabolism
in sugarcane, UDP-glucose (the product of the reaction) is a branch-point in the carbon channelling into other carbohydrates, such as sucrose and cellulose, which are the major factors for sugarcane productivity
metabolism
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the enzyme plays a relevant role for paramylon synthesis and other sugar metabolic pathways in Euglena gracilis
metabolism
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UDPG-pyrophosphorylase is the key enzyme involved in pullulan biosynthesis and pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans
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metabolism
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UGP2 is unable to replace UGP1 in the UGP1 knockout lines, even though it bears similar metabolic functions to UGP. The majority of proteins that are responsive to FB1 treatment are located in the chloroplast and have functions associated with photosynthesis
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metabolism
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the enzyme plays a relevant role for paramylon synthesis and other sugar metabolic pathways in Euglena gracilis
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metabolism
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the enzyme catalyzes the last and reversible step of the de novo UDP-Glc biosynthetic pathway
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physiological function
OsUgp2 plays an important role in pollen starch accumulation, complicated transcriptional regulation of OsUgp2. The spatio-temporal expression of the gene is mostly codetermined by the types, numbers and positions of cisregulatory elements within the promoter region
physiological function
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the enzyme is a critical factor that regulates FB1-induced programmed cell death, an active form of cell suicide that is tightly regulated at the genetic level, only being activated when required, mechanism, overview
physiological function
the enzyme plays an important role in Streptococcus zooepidemicus cell envelope hyaluronic acid biosynthesis and it is also recognized as a virulence determinant in several bacterial species
physiological function
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UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase is an essential enzyme responsible for production of UDP-Glc, which is used in hundreds of glycosylation reactions involving addition of Glc to a variety of compounds
physiological function
UDP-glucose is the onyl precuror for UDP-galactose synthesis, which is one of the sugar nucleotides essentially required for the parasite's survival and infectivity. UDP-glucose is also the glucosyl donor for the unfolded glycoprotein glucosyltransferase involved in glycoprotein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum and is the presumed donor for the synthesis of base J, i.e. beta-D-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil, a rare deoxynucleotide found in telomereproximal DNA in the bloodstream form of the parasite
physiological function
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UGP3 is a plastid UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase that supplies UDP-glucose to UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase, SQD1, in plastids
physiological function
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UGP3 is a plastid UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase that supplies UDP-glucose to UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase, SQD1, in plastids
physiological function
UGPase is crucial in carbohydrate metabolism since UDP-Glc is used for the biosynthesis of glycogen and many other carbohydrate derivatives such as glycolipids, glycoproteins and proteoglycans
physiological function
a knockdown mutant of Ugp1 exhibits an impaired mobilization of glycogen and trehalose as well as a reduction in oxidative stress resistance and long-term cell survival during stationary phase. The modulation of Ugp1 level readjusts glycogen and trehalose accumulation in the protein kinase A-related gene mutants. The protein kinase A-dependent phenotypes of oxidative stress resistance and long-term cell survival are also alleviated via adjustment of Ugp1 level
physiological function
overexpression of UGPase enhances vegetative growth in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and increases the contents of soluble sugars and cellulose, and thickens parenchyma cell walls
physiological function
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UGP gene silencing by RNAi results in changes in the levels of the intermediate metabolites D-glucose 1-phosphate and UDP-glucose. The compounds and structure of the cell wall in the silenced strains are also altered compared with those in the wild-type strains. The number of hyphal branches is also changed in the silenced strains. In an UGP over-expressing strain, the number of hyphal branches is influenced by UGP. Hyphal branching is regulated by a change in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, which is affected by the level of the intermediate metabolite Glc-1-P
physiological function
the enzyme is absolutely required for the biosynthesis of capsular polysaccharide, the virulence factor of pneumococcus
physiological function
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the enzyme plays important roles in fungal cell morphogenesis, stress responses, and host infection
physiological function
MN788154
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene affects mycelia growth and polysaccharide synthesis
physiological function
Verticillium dahliae V07DF2
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the enzyme plays important roles in fungal cell morphogenesis, stress responses, and host infection
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physiological function
Grifola frondosa CGMCC 5.626
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UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene affects mycelia growth and polysaccharide synthesis
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physiological function
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the enzyme is a critical factor that regulates FB1-induced programmed cell death, an active form of cell suicide that is tightly regulated at the genetic level, only being activated when required, mechanism, overview
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physiological function
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UDP-glucose is the onyl precuror for UDP-galactose synthesis, which is one of the sugar nucleotides essentially required for the parasite's survival and infectivity. UDP-glucose is also the glucosyl donor for the unfolded glycoprotein glucosyltransferase involved in glycoprotein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum and is the presumed donor for the synthesis of base J, i.e. beta-D-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil, a rare deoxynucleotide found in telomereproximal DNA in the bloodstream form of the parasite
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additional information
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hUGPs are active in the octameric state and do not dissociate during the enzymatic cycle, structure-function relationships analysis, overview
additional information
structural basis for the reaction mechanism of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, overview. The active sites are located in a deep pocket of each subunit. The tetramerization of HpUGPase does not seem to be related to allosterism
additional information
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structural basis for the reaction mechanism of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, overview. The active sites are located in a deep pocket of each subunit. The tetramerization of HpUGPase does not seem to be related to allosterism
additional information
structure comparison of human and yeast enzyme, overview
additional information
structure comparison of human and yeast enzyme, overview. Depolymerization of hUGPase, like in mutant N491P/L492E, results in monomers and higher enzymatic activity
additional information
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structure comparison of human and yeast enzyme, overview. Depolymerization of hUGPase, like in mutant N491P/L492E, results in monomers and higher enzymatic activity
additional information
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structure modeling, overview. The quaternary structure of the enzyme is affected by addition of either single or both substrates in either direction of the reaction, resulting in a shift from UGPase dimers toward monomers, the active form of the enzyme. The substrate-induced changes in quaternary structure of the enzyme may have a regulatory role to assure maximal activity
additional information
structure-function analysis, homology modeling
additional information
UDP-Glc is bound in a deep cleft located at the center of the catalytic domain that consists of highly conserved residues
additional information
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UDP-Glc is bound in a deep cleft located at the center of the catalytic domain that consists of highly conserved residues
additional information
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UDP-Glc is bound in a deep cleft located at the center of the catalytic domain that consists of highly conserved residues
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