Reference on EC 2.7.1.6 - galactokinase
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REF. 
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Vorgias, C.E.; Lemaire, H.G.; Wilson, K.S.
Overexpression and purification of the galactose operon enzymes from Escherichia coli
Protein Expr. Purif.
2
330-338
1991
Escherichia coli
Neufeld, E.F.; Feingold, D.S.; Hassid, W.Z.
Phosphorylation of D-galactose and L-arabinose by extracts from Phaseolus aureus seedlings
J. Biol. Chem.
235
906-909
1960
Vigna radiata var. radiata
Chan, H.P.; Hassid, W.Z.
One step purification of D-galactose and L-arabinose kinases from Phaseolus aureus seedlings by ATP-sepharose affinity chromatography
Anal. Biochem.
64
372-379
1975
Vigna radiata var. radiata
Szumilo, T.
A galactokinase of Mycobacterium sp. 279 galactose mutant
Acta Microbiol. Pol.
31
249-256
1982
Mycobacterium sp., Mycobacterium sp. 279
Talbot, B.; Thirion, J.P.
Isolation, purification and partial characterization of galactokinase from Chinese hamster liver
Int. J. Biochem.
14
719-726
1982
Cricetulus griseus
Wilson, D.B.; Schell, M.A.
Galactokinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Methods Enzymol.
90
30-35
1982
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
Blume, K.G.; Beutler, E.
Galactokinase from human erythrocytes
Methods Enzymol.
42C
47-53
1975
Homo sapiens
-
Dey, P.M.
Galactokinase of Vicia faba seeds
Eur. J. Biochem.
136
155-159
1983
Vicia faba
Blume, K.G.; Beutler, E.
Purification and properties of galactokinase from human red blood cells
J. Biol. Chem.
246
6507-6510
1971
Homo sapiens
Schell, M.A.; Wilson, D.B.
Purification and properties of galactokinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
J. Biol. Chem.
252
1162-1166
1977
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Stambolian, D.; Scarpino-Myers, V.; Harris, H.
Purification of human galactokinase and evidence for its existence as a monomer form
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
831
306-312
1985
Homo sapiens
Lee, L.J.; Kinoshita, S.; Kumagai, H.; Tochikura, T.
Galactokinase of Bifidobacterium bifidum
Agric. Biol. Chem.
44
2961-2966
1980
Bifidobacterium bifidum
-
Lavine, J.E.; Cantlay, E.; Roberts, C.T.; Morse, D.E.
Purification and properties of galactokinase from Tetrahymena thermophila
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
717
76-85
1982
Tetrahymena thermophila
Schlesinger, D.H.; Schell, M.A.; Wilson, D.B.
The NH2-terminal sequences of galactokinase from Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
FEBS Lett.
83
45-47
1977
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli
Lee, L.; Kimura, A.; Tochikura, T.
Purification and properties of galactokinase from Bifidobacterium bifidum
J. Ferment. Technol.
55
19-26
1977
Bifidobacterium bifidum
-
Srivastava, S.K.; Blume, K.G.; Van Loon, C.; Beutler, E.
Purification and kinetic properties of galactokinase from human placenta
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
150
191-198
1972
Homo sapiens
Asada, M.; Okano, Y.; Imamura, T.; Suyama, I.; Hase, Y.; Isshiki, G.
Molecular characterization of galactokinase deficiency in Japanese patients
J. Hum. Genet.
44
377-382
1999
Homo sapiens
Ai, Y.; Jenkins, N.A.; Copeland, N.G.; Gilbert, D.H.; Bergsma, D.J.; Stambolian, D.
Mouse galactokinase: isolation, characterization, and location on chromosome 11
Genome Res.
5
53-59
1995
Mus musculus
Yang, J.; Fu, X.; Jia, Q.; Shen, J.; Biggins, J.B.; Jiang, J.; Zhao, J.; Schmidt, J.J.; Wang, P.G.; Thorson, J.S.
Studies on the substrate specificity of Escherichia coli galactokinase
Org. Lett.
5
2223-2226
2003
Escherichia coli
Thoden, J.B.; Holden, H.M.
Molecular structure of galactokinase
J. Biol. Chem.
278
33305-33311
2003
Lactococcus lactis
De Geus, D.; Hartley, A.P.; Sedelnikova, S.E.; Glynn, S.E.; Baker, P.J.; Verhees, C.H.; Van Der Oost, J.; Rice, D.W.
Cloning, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of galactokinase from Pyrococcus furiosus
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D
59
1819-1821
2003
Pyrococcus furiosus
Okano, Y.; Asada, M.; Fujimoto, A.; Ohtake, A.; Murayama, K.; Hsiao, K.J.; Choeh, K.; Yang, Y.; Cao, Q.; Reichardt, J.K.; Niihira, S.; Imamura, T.; Yamano, T.
A genetic factor for age-related cataract: identification and characterization of a novel galactokinase variant, Osaka, in asians
Am. J. Hum. Genet.
68
1036-1042
2001
Homo sapiens
Zenke, F.T.; Engels, R.; Vollenbroich, V.; Meyer, J.; Hollenberg, C.P.; Breunig, K.D.
Activation of Gal4p by galactose-dependent interaction of galactokinase and Gal80p
Science
272
1662-1665
1996
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Timson, D.J.; Reece, R.J.
Functional analysis of disease-causing mutations in human galactokinase
Eur. J. Biochem.
270
1767-1774
2003
Homo sapiens
Vaillancourt, K.; LeMay, J.D.; Lamoureux, M.; Frenette, M.; Moineau, S.; Vadeboncoeur, C.
Characterization of a galactokinase-positive recombinant strain of Streptococcus thermophilus
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
70
4596-4603
2004
Streptococcus salivarius
Timson, D.J.; Reece, R.J.
Sugar recognition by human galactokinase
BMC Biochem.
4
16
2003
Homo sapiens
Yang, J.; Fu, X.; Liao, J.; Liu, L.; Thorson, J.S.
Structure-based engineering of E. coli galactokinase as a first step toward in vivo glycorandomization
Chem. Biol.
12
657-664
2005
Escherichia coli
Hoffmeister, D.; Thorson, J.S.
Mechanistic implications of Escherichia coli galactokinase structure-based engineering
ChemBioChem
5
989-992
2004
Escherichia coli
Thoden, J.B.; Timson, D.J.; Reece, R.J.; Holden, H.M.
Molecular structure of human galactokinase: implications for type II galactosemia
J. Biol. Chem.
280
9662-9670
2005
Homo sapiens
Hartley, A.; Glynn, S.E.; Barynin, V.; Baker, P.J.; Sedelnikova, S.E.; Verhees, C.; de Geus, D.; van der Oost, J.; Timson, D.J.; Reece, R.J.; Rice, D.W.
Substrate specificity and mechanism from the structure of Pyrococcus furiosus galactokinase
J. Mol. Biol.
337
387-398
2004
Pyrococcus furiosus
Seiboth, B.; Hartl, L.; Pail, M.; Fekete, E.; Karaffa, L.; Kubicek, C.P.
The galactokinase of Hypocrea jecorina is essential for cellulase induction by lactose but dispensable for growth on D-galactose
Mol. Microbiol.
51
1015-1025
2004
Trichoderma reesei
Inagaki, E.; Sakamoto, K.; Obayashi, N.; Terada, T.; Shirouzu, M.; Bessho, Y.; Kuroishi, C.; Kuramitsu, S.; Shinkai, A.; Yokoyama, S.
Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of galactokinase from Pyrococcus horikoshii
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. F
62
169-171
2006
Pyrococcus horikoshii
Sidjanin, D.J.; McElwee, J.; Miller, B.; Aguirre, G.D.
Cloning of canine galactokinase (GALK1) and evaluation as a candidate gene for hereditary cataracts in Labrador retrievers
Anim. Genet.
36
265-266
2005
Canis lupus familiaris (Q9GKK4), Canis lupus familiaris
de Vin, F.; Radstroem, P.; Herman, L.; De Vuyst, L.
Molecular and biochemical analysis of the galactose phenotype of dairy Streptococcus thermophilus strains reveals four different fermentation profiles
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
71
3659-3667
2005
Streptococcus thermophilus (Q64FV1), Streptococcus thermophilus
Thoden, J.B.; Sellick, C.A.; Timson, D.J.; Reece, R.J.; Holden, H.M.
Molecular structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gal1p, a bifunctional galactokinase and transcriptional inducer
J. Biol. Chem.
280
36905-36911
2005
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Hawkins, K.M.; Smolke, C.D.
The regulatory roles of the galactose permease and kinase in the induction response of the GAL network in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
J. Biol. Chem.
281
13485-13492
2006
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303alpha
Sellick, C.A.; Reece, R.J.
Contribution of amino acid side chains to sugar binding specificity in a galactokinase, Gal1p, and a transcriptional inducer, Gal3p
J. Biol. Chem.
281
17150-17155
2006
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae mc2
Hartl, L.; Kubicek, C.P.; Seiboth, B.
Induction of the gal pathway and cellulase genes involves no transcriptional inducer function of the galactokinase in Hypocrea jecorina
J. Biol. Chem.
282
18654-18659
2007
Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma reesei QM9414
Wierenga, K.J.; Lai, K.; Buchwald, P.; Tang, M.
High-throughput screening for human galactokinase inhibitors
J. Biomol. Screen.
13
415-423
2008
Homo sapiens
Park, H.D.; Bang, Y.L.; Park, K.U.; Kim, J.Q.; Jeong, B.H.; Kim, Y.S.; Song, Y.H.; Song, J.
Molecular and biochemical characterization of the GALK1 gene in Korean patients with galactokinase deficiency
Mol. Genet. Metab.
91
234-238
2007
Homo sapiens (P51570), Homo sapiens
Park, H.; Kim, Y.; Park, K.; Kim, J.; Song, Y.; Song, J.
A novel c.-22T>C mutation in GALK1 promoter is associated with elevated galactokinase phenotype
BMC Med. Genet.
10
29
2009
Homo sapiens
Chu, X.; Li, N.; Liu, X.; Li, D.
Functional studies of rat galactokinase
J. Biotechnol.
141
142-146
2009
Rattus norvegicus
Zou, Y.; Wang, W.; Cai, L.; Chen, L.; Xue, M.; Zhang, X.; Shen, J.; Chen, M.
Substrate specificity of galactokinase from Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 towards galactose, glucose, and their derivatives
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
22
3540-3543
2012
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Li, L.; Liu, Y.; Wang, W.; Cheng, J.; Zhao, W.; Wang, P.
A highly efficient galactokinase from Bifidobacterium infantis with broad substrate specificity
Carbohydr. Res.
355
35-39
2012
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis
Egert, A.; Peters, S.; Guyot, C.; Stieger, B.; Keller, F.
An Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutant for galactokinase (AtGALK, At3g06580) hyperaccumulates free galactose and is insensitive to exogenous galactose
Plant Cell Physiol.
53
921-929
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana
Liu, L.; Tang, M.; Walsh, M.J.; Brimacombe, K.R.; Pragani, R.; Tanega, C.; Rohde, J.M.; Baker, H.L.; Fernandez, E.; Blackman, B.; Bougie, J.M.; Leister, W.H.; Auld, D.S.; Shen, M.; Lai, K.; Boxer, M.B.
Structure activity relationships of human galactokinase inhibitors
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
25
721-727
2015
Homo sapiens
Reinhardt, L.A.; Thoden, J.B.; Peters, G.S.; Holden, H.M.; Cleland, W.W.
pH-rate profiles support a general base mechanism for galactokinase (Lactococcus lactis)
FEBS Lett.
587
2876-2881
2013
Lactococcus lactis
Lobo-Rojas, T.; Gonzalez-Marcano, E.; Valera-Vera, E.; Acosta, H.; Quinones, W.; Burchmore, R.; Concepcion, J.; Caceres, A.
Trypanosoma cruzi contains two galactokinases; molecular and biochemical characterization
Parasitol. Int.
65
472-482
2016
Trypanosoma cruzi (Q4DF18), Trypanosoma cruzi (Q4DFH6), Trypanosoma cruzi
Zacharioudakis, I.; Tzamarias, D.
Bimodal expression of yeast GAL genes is controlled by a long non-coding RNA and a bifunctional galactokinase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
486
63-69
2017
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
McAuley, M.; Huang, M.; Timson, D.J.
Insight into the mechanism of galactokinase Role of a critical glutamate residue and helix/coil transitions
Biochim. Biophys. Acta Proteins Proteom.
1865
321-328
2017
Homo sapiens (P51570), Homo sapiens
McAuley, M.; Huang, M.; Timson, D.J.
Modulation of the mobility of a key region in human galactokinase Impacts on catalysis and stability
Bioorg. Chem.
81
649-657
2018
Homo sapiens (P51570), Homo sapiens
Keenan, T.; Mills, R.; Pocock, E.; Budhadev, D.; Parmeggiani, F.; Flitsch, S.; Fascione, M.
The characterisation of a galactokinase from Streptomyces coelicolor
Carbohydr. Res.
472
132-137
2019
Streptomyces coelicolor (Q9K3S8), Streptomyces coelicolor, Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (Q9K3S8)
McAuley, M.; Mesa-Torres, N.; McFall, A.; Morris, S.; Huang, M.; Pey, A.L.; Timson, D.J.
Improving the activity and stability of human galactokinase for therapeutic and biotechnological applications
ChemBioChem
19
1088-1095
2018
Homo sapiens (P51570), Homo sapiens
Huang, K.; Parmeggiani, F.; Pallister, E.; Huang, C.J.; Liu, F.F.; Li, Q.; Birmingham, W.R.; Both, P.; Thomas, B.; Liu, L.; Voglmeir, J.; Flitsch, S.L.
Characterisation of a bacterial galactokinase with high activity and broad substrate tolerance for chemoenzymatic synthesis of 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate and analogues
ChemBioChem
19
388-394
2018
Leminorella grimontii (A0A085HKM4), Leminorella grimontii, Leminorella grimontii DSM 5078 (A0A085HKM4)
Zhang, X.; Sheng, W.; Li, K.; Rong, Y.; Wu, Q.; Meng, Q.; Kong, Y.; Chen, M.
Substrate specificity of the galactokinase from the human gut symbiont Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835
Enzyme Microb. Technol.
139
109568
2020
Akkermansia muciniphila (B2UQR6), Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835 (B2UQR6), Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835
P, S.; Ebrahimi, E.A.; Ghazala, S.A.; D, T.K.; R, S.; Priya Doss C, G.; Zayed, H.
Structural analysis of missense mutations in galactokinase 1 (GALK1) leading to galactosemia type-2
J. Cell. Biochem.
119
7585-7598
2018
Homo sapiens (P51570), Homo sapiens
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