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Literature summary for 1.1.1.28 extracted from

  • Li, C.; Tao, F.; Xu, P.
    Carbon flux trapping: highly efficient production of polymer-grade D-lactic acid with a thermophilic D-lactate dehydrogenase (2016), ChemBioChem, 17, 1491-1494.
    View publication on PubMed

Application

Application Comment Organism
synthesis D-LDH is a candidate for thermophilic D-lactic acid production Thermodesulfatator indicus

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene WP_013906894 , recombinant expression of the enzyme in Bacillus licheniformis strain ATCC 14580 MW3 derivative BL2 with a deleted native gene ldh, encoding L-LDH. Gene WP_013906894 is introduced to redirect the carbon flux, the genes for 2,3-butanediol production, alsS and alsD, are replaced with WP_013906894, giving strains BN11, BN22, BN44, and BN66 Thermodesulfatator indicus

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information fermentation conditions are critical for microbial growth and lactic acid secretion, optimization of enzyme and D-lactic acid production by the enzyme from Thermodesulfatator indicus in Bacillus licheniformis strains B11 and BA11, overview. Disruption of the lactate permease LctP in host strains BN11 and BA11 results in reductions in D-lactic acid (28.6 and 35.2%, respectively). Replacement of LctP inhost strain BN11 with the mesophilic permease LldP of Escherichia coli also leads to a 12.1% decrease in D-lactic acid accumulation Thermodesulfatator indicus

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Co2+ activates Thermodesulfatator indicus
Zn2+ activates Thermodesulfatator indicus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
pyruvate + NADH + H+ Thermodesulfatator indicus
-
(R)-lactate + NAD+
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Thermodesulfatator indicus F8A9V0
-
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
30.2
-
pyruvate reduction, pH 6.0, 70°C Thermodesulfatator indicus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
glyoxylate + NADH + H+
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus hydroxyacetate + NAD+
-
r
additional information no activity towards L-lactate Thermodesulfatator indicus ?
-
?
oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus D-malate + NAD+
-
r
phenylpyruvate + NADH + H+
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus D-phenyllactate + NAD+
-
r
pyruvate + NADH + H+
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus (R)-lactate + NAD+
-
?
pyruvate + NADH + H+ preferred subtrate Thermodesulfatator indicus (R)-lactate + NAD+
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
tetramer
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase NAD-binding protein
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus
D-LDH
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus
D-LDH-like enzyme
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus
LdhTi
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus
WP_013906894
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
70
-
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30 100 activity range, high activity at 60-80°C Thermodesulfatator indicus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
6
-
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus

pH Range

pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
3 11 activity range Thermodesulfatator indicus

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NADH
-
Thermodesulfatator indicus