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Literature summary for 1.10.3.1 extracted from

  • Todaro, A.; Peluso, O.; Catalano, A.E.; Mauromicale, G.; Spagna, G.
    Polyphenol oxidase activity from three sicilian artichoke [Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L. (Fiori)] cultivars: studies and technological application on minimally processed production (2010), J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 1714-1718.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 1.10.3.1

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
ascorbic acid 11% residual activity at 400 mM in cultivar Violetto di Sicilia, 29% residual activity at 200 mM in cultivar Violetto di Provenza, 8% residual activity at 400 mM in cultivar Tema 2000 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus
Citric acid 37% residual activity at 400 mM in cultivar Violetto di Sicilia, 59% residual activity at 200 mM in cultivar Violetto di Provenza, 18% residual activity at 400 mM in cultivar Tema 2000 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus
tartaric acid 2% residual activity at 400 mM in cultivar Violetto di Sicilia, 18% residual activity at 400 mM in cultivar Violetto di Provenza, 29% residual activity at 400 mM in cultivar Tema 2000 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus
-
 cultivars Violetto di Provenza, Violetto di Sicilia, and Tema 2000
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2 catechol + O2
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus 2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
 ?
3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid + O2
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus ?
-
 ?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)acetic acid + H2O
-
 ?
4-methylcatechol + O2 highest level of enzyme activity in cultivar Violetto di Provenza Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
 ?
caffeic acid + O2
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
 ?
chlorogenic acid + O2 highest level of enzyme activity in cultivars Tema 2000 and Violetto di Sicilia Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus ?
-
 ?
additional information this enzyme is an o-diphenol oxidase, and no cresolase activity has been found Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
polyphenol oxidase
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus
PPO
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
50
-
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
4 100 the enzyme is stable at 4°C for 240 min, but is unstable at 75 and 100°C. Heat treatment at 100°C from 20 to 80 min decreases enzyme activity (62.5%) Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
4 7
-
 Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus

pH Stability

pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
3 6 at pH 6.0, all cultivars are stable with an increase of activity from 6 to 8% around 30 min, but at 120 min the activity decreases by about 30%. At pH 3.0, PPO activity decreases quickly and strongly (about 60% after 120 min of treatment), whereas at pH 4.0 it is quite stable in each cultivar (about 20% after 120 min of treatment) Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus a decrease in activity is noted in the spring harvest as compared to winter harvest down