Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | FMO is not induced or readily inhibited by drugs in general in contrast to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases | Homo sapiens |
Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
drug development | the enzyme is not affected by drugs in contrast to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, EC 1.14.14.1, by incorporating FMO detoxication pathways into drug candidates, more drug-like materials may emerge | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | occuring single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with dramatic functional differences in selective functional enzyme activity, overview | Homo sapiens |
General Stability | Organism |
---|---|
NADPH stabilizes the enzyme | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | FMO is not induced or readily inhibited by drugs in general in contrast to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases | Homo sapiens |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
microsome | the highly hydrophobic FMO shows multiple internal sites of membrane association | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(S)-nicotine + NADPH + O2 | Homo sapiens | (S)-nicotine N-1'-oxygenation | (S)-nicotine N1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
benzylamine + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
benzylamine N-oxide + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
cimetidine + NADPH + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
cimetidine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
clozapine + NADPH + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
? | - |
? | |
itopride + NADPH + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
? | - |
? | |
additional information | Homo sapiens | enzyme regulation, overview | ? | - |
? | |
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
ranitidine + NADPH + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
? | - |
? | |
trimethylamine + NADPH + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
trimethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | - |
isozymes FMO1-FMO5 | - |
Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
glycoprotein | FMO1 is selectively N-glycosylated at Asn120, N-glycosylation is not essential for functional activity | Homo sapiens |
Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
---|---|---|---|
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H+ + O2 = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | catalytic reaction mechanism, structure-function relationship, FMO oxygenates soft nucleophiles, and converts lipophilic compounds into more hydrophilic metabolites, the first step for FMO is reduction of the FAD by NADPH, the next step is formation of a C4a-hydroperoxy flavin by addition of molecular oxygen to the reduced FAD, when the substrate is accepted by FMO the enzyme is already in an active form, the protein environment of FMO apparently protects the hydroperoxy flavin from decomposing, conserving NADPH, and affording an effcient two-electron oxygenating agent for nucleophiles with the appropriate size and shape | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
liver | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(S)-nicotine + NADPH + O2 | (S)-nicotine N-1'-oxygenation | Homo sapiens | (S)-nicotine N1-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
benzylamine + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | benzylamine N-oxide + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
cimetidine + NADPH + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | cimetidine S-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
clozapine + NADPH + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
itopride + NADPH + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | enzyme regulation, overview | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | FMO oxygenates soft nucleophiles, and converts lipophilic compounds into more hydrophilic metabolites, potential adverse drug-drug interactions are minimized for drugs prominently metabolized by FMO, substrate specificities of isozmes, overview | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
ranitidine + NADPH + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
trimethylamine + NADPH + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | trimethylamine N-oxide + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
flavin-containing-monooxygenase | - |
Homo sapiens |
FMO | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
50 | - |
the enzyme is unstable in absence of NADPH | Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
9 | 10 | - |
Homo sapiens |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
FAD | - |
Homo sapiens | |
NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens |