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Literature summary for 1.2.1.5 extracted from

  • Liu, T.; Hao, L.; Wang, R.; Liu, B.
    Molecular characterization of a thermostable aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus tokodaii strain 7 (2013), Extremophiles, 17, 181-190.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
NH4+ 500 mM, 1.31fold activation Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
-
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

General Stability

General Stability Organism
the enzyme is stable to 50 mM PMSF Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2-mercaptoethanol 10% (v/v), 55% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
acetone 10% (v/v), 21% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
DMSO 10% (v/v), 32% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
EDTA 50 mM, 22% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
ethanediol 10% (v/v), 60% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
guanidine hydrochloride 10% (v/v), 42% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
H2O2 the loss of activity induced by H2O2 can be restored by reducing agents, although a decrease of the restored activity is observed upon addition of 10 mM dithiothreitol Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
nitroglycerin more than half of the original activity is retained in the presence of 5.5 mM nitroglycerin and approximate 80% of the activity is lost by the addition of 11 mM nitroglycerin. Dithiothreitol and alpha-lipoic acid can also restore the nitroglycerin inactivated dehydrogenation to more than half of the original activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
PEG-400 10% (v/v), 16% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
PMSF 50 mM, no loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Urea 500 mM, 44% inhibition Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.84
-
NAD+ pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
3.81
-
NADP+ pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
6.12
-
D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
6.38
-
acetaldehyde pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
8.51
-
D-glyceraldehyde pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
K+ 500 mM, 1.3fold activation Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Li+ 500 mM, 107% of the activity compared to activity without metal ions Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Mg2+ 20 mM, 107% of the activity compared to activity without metal ions Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Na+ 500 mM, 1.2fold activation Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
50000
-
4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
51300
-
4 * 51300, calculation from sequence Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
200000
-
gel filtration Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Organic Solvent Stability

Organic Solvent Comment Organism
2-mercaptoethanol 10% (v/v), 55% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Acetone 10% (v/v), 21% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
DMSO 10% (v/v),% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Ethanol 10% (v/v), 2% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Ethylene glycol 10% (v/v), 60% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
guanidine-HCl 10% (v/v), 42% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
isopropanol 10% (v/v), 8% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
Methanol 10% (v/v), 7% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
polyethyleneglycol PEG-400, 10% (v/v), 16% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
SDS 10% (v/v), 3% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
urea 500 mM, 44% loss of activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii Q976X5
-
-
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii 7 Q976X5
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
-
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1,3-dihydroxyacetone + NAD+ + H2O 53.93% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii ? + NADH + H+
-
?
3-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 32.98% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii 3-nitrobenzoate + NADH + H+
-
?
acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O kcat/KM for NAD+ with acetaldehyde as cosubstrate is 2.5fold higher compared to NADP+ Sulfurisphaera tokodaii acetate + NADH + H+
-
?
acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O kcat/KM for NAD+ with acetaldehyde as cosubstrate is 2.5fold higher compared to NADP+ Sulfurisphaera tokodaii 7 acetate + NADH + H+
-
?
acetaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O
-
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii acetate + NADPH
-
?
benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 35.5% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii benzoate + NADH + H+
-
?
benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 35.5% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii 7 benzoate + NADH + H+
-
?
butyraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 48.15% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii butyrate + NADH + H+
-
?
butyraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 48.15% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii 7 butyrate + NADH + H+
-
?
D-glyceraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 50.25% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde. kcat/KM for NAD+ with D-glyceraldehyde as cosubstrate is 3.8fold higher compared to NADP+ Sulfurisphaera tokodaii D-glycerate + NADH + H+
-
?
D-glyceraldehyde + NADP+ + H2O 50.25% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii D-glycerate + NADPH
-
?
D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NAD+ + H2O 52.7% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii D-glycerate 3-phosphate + NADH + H+
-
?
glycolaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 75.43% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii glycolate + NADH + H+
-
?
additional information no activity with methanol or ethanol Sulfurisphaera tokodaii ?
-
?
additional information no activity with methanol or ethanol Sulfurisphaera tokodaii 7 ?
-
?
propionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 56.22% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii propionate + NADH + H+
-
?
propionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O 56.22% of the activity compared to acetaldehyde Sulfurisphaera tokodaii 7 propionate + NADH + H+
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
tetramer 4 * 50000, SDS-PAGE Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
tetramer 4 * 51300, calculation from sequence Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
ST0064
-
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
80
-
-
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
70 90 70°C: about 50% of maximal activity, 90°C: about 90% of maximal activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
additional information
-
coenzyme NAD+ or NADP+ can regulate the enzymatic thermostability Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
70 80 about 20% increase of activity after treatment at 70 and 80°C for 2 h, probably due to thermal activation of the enzyme Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
90
-
half-life: 4 h. Significant protection against thermal inactivation by 1 mM NAD+ or NADP+ when the preheating time is above 4 h at 90°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.83
-
D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
0.92
-
D-glyceraldehyde pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
1.14
-
acetaldehyde pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
2.05
-
NAD+ pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
3.71
-
NADP+ pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
8
-
-
Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

pH Range

pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
6 9 pH 6.0: about 60% of maximal activity, pH 9.0: about 90% of maximal activity Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+ kcat/KM for NAD+ with acetaldehyde as cosubstrate is 2.5fold higher compared to NADP+. kcat/KM for NAD+ with D-glyceraldehyde as cosubstrate is 3.8fold higher compared to NADP+ Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
NADP+ kcat/KM for NAD+ with acetaldehyde as cosubstrate is 2.5fold higher compared to NADP+. kcat/KM for NAD+ with D-glyceraldehyde as cosubstrate is 3.8fold higher compared to NADP+ Sulfurisphaera tokodaii

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.11
-
D-glyceraldehyde pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
0.14
-
D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
0.18
-
acetaldehyde pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
0.98
-
NADP+ pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii
2.45
-
NAD+ pH 8, 80°C Sulfurisphaera tokodaii