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Literature summary for 1.2.1.8 extracted from

  • Chen, S.; Yang, Y.; Shi, W.; Ji, Q.; He, F.; Zhang, Z.; Cheng, Z.; Liu, X.; Xu, M.
    Badh2, encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, inhibits the biosynthesis of 2-scetyl-1-pyrroline, a major component in rice fragrance (2008), Plant Cell, 20, 1850-1861.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) Oryza sativa

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cytoplasm
-
Oryza sativa 5737
-

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
55000
-
determined by gel electrophoresis Oryza sativa

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
3-aminopropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O Oryza sativa
-
3-aminopropionate + NADH + H+
-
?
4-aminobutyraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O Oryza sativa
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4-aminobutyrate + NADH + H+
-
?
betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O Oryza sativa belongs to the NAD-dependent dehydrogenase family, characterized by the typical aldehyde substrate binding domain betaine + NADH + H+
-
?
additional information Oryza sativa 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, the presence of a dominant Badh2 allele encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a potent flavor component in rice fragrance. By contrast, the recessive allele badh2-E7, induces 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline formation ?
-
?
additional information Oryza sativa 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline; the presence of a dominant Badh2 allele encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a potent flavor component in rice fragrance. By contrast, the recessive allele, badh2-E2, induces 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline formation ?
-
?
additional information Oryza sativa dominant Badh2 allele encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a potent flavor component in rice fragrance. Because the absence of BADH2 protein results in fragrance, this suggests that Badh2 is not directly involved in biosynthesis. Alternative possibilities to explain the effect of BADH2 are that the BADH2 enzyme is involved in a competing pathway in which one of the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline precursors serves as a BADH2 substrate or that BADH2 participates in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline catabolism. The intact 503 amino acid BADH2 encoded by the complete Badh2 gene inhibits 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis by converting 4-aminobutyraldehyde to gamma-aminobutyric acid, whereas the absence of BADH2 due to nonfunctional badh2 alleles results in AB-ald accumulation and thus turns on the pathway toward 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. ?
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Oryza sativa B3VMC0
-
-
Oryza sativa B3VMC1
-
-
Oryza sativa B3VMC2
-
-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
side-chain modification Attention: controlled vocabulary for this datafield commentary Oryza sativa

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
using nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose affinity chromatography columns after expression in E. coli Oryza sativa
using nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose affinity chromatography columns after expression in Escherichia coli Oryza sativa
using nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose after cloning and expression in Escherichia coli Oryza sativa

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
plant found in all plant tissues excepting roots Oryza sativa
-
plant found in all plant tissues excepting roots, and the transcript is detected at higher abundance in young, healthy leaves than in other tissues Oryza sativa
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
additional information
-
Determination of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity of purified intact BADH2 and partial BADH2 using various aldehyde substrates (1 mM betaine aldehyde, 50 microM 4-aminobutyraldehyde, and 50 microM 3-aminopropionaldehyde). Enzymatic activities were spectrophotometrically assayed by A340 at pH 8.0 at intervals of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min after the initiation of reactions. The intact BADH2 showed high betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, with a rapid increase in A340 within the first 10 min after the enzymatic reaction. In addition, intact BADH2 also showed strong 4-aminobutyraldehyde and 3-aminopropionaldehyde dehydrogenase activities. Oryza sativa

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3-aminopropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
-
Oryza sativa 3-aminopropionate + NADH + H+
-
?
4-aminobutyraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
-
Oryza sativa 4-aminobutyrate + NADH + H+
-
?
betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O belongs to the NAD-dependent dehydrogenase family, characterized by the typical aldehyde substrate binding domain Oryza sativa betaine + NADH + H+
-
?
additional information 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, the presence of a dominant Badh2 allele encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a potent flavor component in rice fragrance. By contrast, the recessive allele badh2-E7, induces 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline formation Oryza sativa ?
-
?
additional information 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline; the presence of a dominant Badh2 allele encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a potent flavor component in rice fragrance. By contrast, the recessive allele, badh2-E2, induces 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline formation Oryza sativa ?
-
?
additional information dominant Badh2 allele encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibits the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, a potent flavor component in rice fragrance. Because the absence of BADH2 protein results in fragrance, this suggests that Badh2 is not directly involved in biosynthesis. Alternative possibilities to explain the effect of BADH2 are that the BADH2 enzyme is involved in a competing pathway in which one of the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline precursors serves as a BADH2 substrate or that BADH2 participates in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline catabolism. The intact 503 amino acid BADH2 encoded by the complete Badh2 gene inhibits 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis by converting 4-aminobutyraldehyde to gamma-aminobutyric acid, whereas the absence of BADH2 due to nonfunctional badh2 alleles results in AB-ald accumulation and thus turns on the pathway toward 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis. Oryza sativa ?
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
oligomer
-
Oryza sativa

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
BADH2
-
Oryza sativa
badh2-E2 recessive allele, truncated form, with a 7-bp deletion in exon 2 (82 residues) Oryza sativa
badh2-E7 recessive allele, truncated form (251 amino acid polypeptide) Oryza sativa
betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase
-
Oryza sativa

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+
-
Oryza sativa
NAD+ The BADH2 enzyme is predicted to contain three domains: NAD binding, substrate binding, and oligomerization domain Oryza sativa