Literature summary for 1.8.1.7 extracted from

Savvides, S.N.; Scheiwein, M.; Bohme, C.C.; Arteel, G.E.; Karplus, P.A.; Becker, K.; Schirmer, R.H.
Crystal structure of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione reductase inactivated by peroxynitrite (2002), J. Biol. Chem., 277, 2779-2784.

Crystallization (Commentary)

Crystallization (Comment)	Organism
peroxynitrite inactivated enzyme, hanging drop vapour dffusion method, 10 mg/ml protein in 120 mM ammonium sulfate, 100 mM potassium phosphate, pH 7.5, against reservoir solution containing 720 mM ammonium sulfate, 100 mM potassium phosphate, pH 8.0, 30-37°C, 5 days, storage and handling in stabilization solution containing 1 M ammonium sulfate, 100 mM potassium phosphate, pH 8.0, X-ray structure determination and analysis at 1.9 A resolution	Plasmodium falciparum

Crystallization (Comment)

Organism

peroxynitrite inactivated enzyme, hanging drop vapour dffusion method, 10 mg/ml protein in 120 mM ammonium sulfate, 100 mM potassium phosphate, pH 7.5, against reservoir solution containing 720 mM ammonium sulfate, 100 mM potassium phosphate, pH 8.0, 30-37°C, 5 days, storage and handling in stabilization solution containing 1 M ammonium sulfate, 100 mM potassium phosphate, pH 8.0, X-ray structure determination and analysis at 1.9 A resolution

Plasmodium falciparum

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
Y114L	site-directed mutagenesis, mutant is insensitive to inactivation by peroxynitrite in contrast to the wild-type enzyme	Homo sapiens
Y114L	site-directed mutagenesis, mutant is insensitive to inactivation by peroxynitrite in contratst to the wild-type enzyme	Plasmodium falciparum

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism
additional information	bis-nitro-enzyme form is impaired in peptide substrate binding with a 20fold increased Km for glutathione disulfide, overview	Homo sapiens
peroxynitrite	inactivation by modification of Tyr114 and Tyr106	Homo sapiens
peroxynitrite	inactivation by modification of Tyr114 and Tyr106	Plasmodium falciparum

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism
0.072	-	glutathione disulfide	pH 7.4, 25°C	Homo sapiens
0.095	-	glutathione disulfide	pH 7.4, 25°C	Plasmodium falciparum
1.65	-	glutathione disulfide	mutant enzyme, pH 7.4, 25°C	Homo sapiens
2.31	-	glutathione disulfide	mutant enzyme, pH 7.4, 25°C	Plasmodium falciparum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
glutathione disulfide + NADPH	Plasmodium falciparum	-	glutathione + NADP+	-	?
glutathione disulfide + NADPH	Homo sapiens	-	glutathione + NADP+	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	P00390	-	-
Plasmodium falciparum	-	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg]	Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg]	Comment	Organism
additional information	-	-	Plasmodium falciparum
additional information	-	-	Homo sapiens

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
glutathione disulfide + NADPH	-	Plasmodium falciparum	glutathione + NADP+	-	?
glutathione disulfide + NADPH	-	Homo sapiens	glutathione + NADP+	-	?
glutathione disulfide + NADPH	enzyme contains an active site disulfide/dithiol depending on the redox status	Plasmodium falciparum	glutathione + NADP+	-	?
glutathione disulfide + NADPH	enzyme contains an active site disulfide/dithiol depending on the redox status	Homo sapiens	glutathione + NADP+	-	?
peroxynitrite + NADPH	-	Plasmodium falciparum	nitrite + H2O + NADP+	-	?
peroxynitrite + NADPH	-	Homo sapiens	nitrite + H2O + NADP+	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
glutathione reductase	-	Plasmodium falciparum
glutathione reductase	-	Homo sapiens
GR	-	Plasmodium falciparum
GR	-	Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
25	-	assay at	Plasmodium falciparum
25	-	assay at	Homo sapiens

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s]	Turnover Number Maximum [1/s]	Substrate	Comment	Organism
2	-	glutathione disulfide	mutant enzyme, pH 7.4, 25°C	Plasmodium falciparum
5	-	glutathione disulfide	mutant enzyme, pH 7.4, 25°C	Homo sapiens
120	-	glutathione disulfide	pH 7.4, 25°C	Plasmodium falciparum
165	-	glutathione disulfide	pH 7.4, 25°C	Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
7.4	-	assay at	Plasmodium falciparum
7.4	-	assay at	Homo sapiens

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
NADPH	-	Plasmodium falciparum
NADPH	-	Homo sapiens