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Literature summary for 2.3.1.212 extracted from
- Structure-based engineering of benzalacetone synthase (2010), Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 5099-5103.
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| L132A | site-directed mutagenesis, the substitution expands the product chain length to produce 4-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone after three condensations with malonyl-CoA, but without the formation of the aromatic ring system | Rheum palmatum |
| L132C | site-directed mutagenesis, the substitution expands the product chain length to produce 4-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone after three condensations with malonyl-CoA, but without the formation of the aromatic ring system | Rheum palmatum |
| L132F | site-directed mutagenesis, replacement of Leu132 with bulky aromatic residues, Phe, Tyr and Trp, causes a 1.2fold increase in the benzalacetone-forming activity at pH 8.0, whereas the bisnoryangonin-forming activity is retained or significantly decreased at pH 6.5 | Rheum palmatum |
| L132G | site-directed mutagenesis, no altered activity compared to the wild-type enzyme | Rheum palmatum |
| L132P | site-directed mutagenesis, the L132P mutant exhibits drastically decreased benzalacetone- and bisnoryangonin-forming activities | Rheum palmatum |
| L132S | site-directed mutagenesis, the substitution expands the product chain length to produce 4-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone after three condensations with malonyl-CoA, but without the formation of the aromatic ring system | Rheum palmatum |
| L132T | site-directed mutagenesis, the chalcone-forming L132T mutant shows broad substrate specificity. It accepts benzoyl-CoA as the starter substrate to produce a trace amount of 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzophenone, after condensations of benzoyl-CoA with three molecules of malonyl-CoA, along with benzoate-primed triketide and tetraketide pyrones as major products | Rheum palmatum |
| L132T/I214L/L215F | site-directed mutagenesis, the triple mutation does not improve the chalcone-forming activity, but instead results in a significant loss of activity | Rheum palmatum |
| L132W | site-directed mutagenesis, replacement of Leu132 with bulky aromatic residues, Phe, Tyr and Trp, blocks the entrance of the coumaroyl binding pocket and causes a 1.2fold increase in the benzalacetone-forming activity at pH 8.0, whereas the bisnoryangonin-forming activity is retained or significantly decreased at pH 6.5 | Rheum palmatum |
| L132Y | site-directed mutagenesis, replacement of Leu132 with bulky aromatic residues, Phe, Tyr and Trp, causes a 1.2fold increase in the benzalacetone-forming activity at pH 8.0, whereas the bisnoryangonin-forming activity is retained or significantly decreased at pH 6.5 | Rheum palmatum |
| additional information | the single amino acid substitution L132T restores the chalcone-forming activity of chalcone synthase, EC 2.3.1.74, in BAS, probably due to restoration of the coumaroyl binding pocket in the active-site cavity, whereas the Ala, Ser, and Cys substitutions expand the product chain length to produce 4-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone after three condensations with malonyl-CoA, but without the formation of the aromatic ring system | Rheum palmatum |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | steady-state kinetics analysis for benzalacetone-, bisnoryangonin-, and chalcone-forming activities, overview | Rheum palmatum |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-coumaroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H2O | Rheum palmatum | - |
2 CoA + 4-hydroxybenzalacetone + 2 CO2 | - |
? |  |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rheum palmatum | Q94FV7 | - |
- |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-coumaroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H2O | - |
Rheum palmatum | 2 CoA + 4-hydroxybenzalacetone + 2 CO2 | - |
? | |
| 4-coumaroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H2O | BAS catalyzes the decarboxylative coupling of 4-coumaroyl-CoA with malonyl-CoA to produce the diketide benzalacetone | Rheum palmatum | 2 CoA + 4-hydroxybenzalacetone + 2 CO2 | - |
? | |
| 4-coumaroylCoA + 2 malonyl-CoA + H2O | - |
Rheum palmatum | 2 CoA + bisnoryangonin + 2 CO2 | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| bAS | - |
Rheum palmatum |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | - |
the reaction is highly pH-dependent | Rheum palmatum |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | the enzyme is a plant-specific type III polyketide synthase of the chalcone synthase (CHS) superfamily. Comparison of the primary sequences and and secondary structures of BAS and other type III PKSs, overview | Rheum palmatum |
| additional information | structure-function relationship, homology modeling, overview | Rheum palmatum |
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