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Literature summary for 2.4.1.212 extracted from

  • Rilla, K.; Oikari, S.; Jokela, T.A.; Hyttinen, J.M.; Kaernae, R.; Tammi, R.H.; Tammi, M.I.
    Hyaluronan synthase 1 (HAS1) requires higher cellular UDP-GlcNAc concentration than HAS2 and HAS3 (2013), J. Biol. Chem., 288, 5973-5983.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 2.4.1.212

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene HAS1, expression analysis and recombinant expression in COS-1 cells Homo sapiens
gene HAS2, expression analysis and recombinant expression in COS-1 cells Homo sapiens
gene HAS3, expression analysis and recombinant expression in COS-1 cells Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information COS-1 cells, with minor endogenous hyaluronan synthesis, is transfected with Has1 isozyme. HAS1 is almost unable to secrete hyaluronan or form a hyaluronan coat. This failure of HAS1 to synthesize hyaluronan is compensated by increasing the cellular content of UDP-GlcNAc by 10fold with 1 mM glucosamine in the growth medium Homo sapiens
additional information COS-1 cells, with minor endogenous hyaluronan synthesis, is transfected with Has2 isozyme. Hyaluronan synthesis driven by HAS2 is less affected by glucosamine addition Homo sapiens
additional information COS-1 cells, with minor endogenous hyaluronan synthesis, is transfected with Has3 isozyme. The ability of HAS3 to synthesize hyaluronan is not at all affected Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
4-Methylumbelliferone inhibits HAS because it depletes UDPGlcUA in cells; inhibits HAS because it depletes UDPGlcUA in cells; inhibits HAS because it depletes UDPGlcUA in cells Homo sapiens
mannose inhibits HAS because it depletes UDP-GlcNAc in cells; inhibits HAS because it depletes UDP-GlcNAc in cells; inhibits HAS because it depletes UDP-GlcNAc in cells Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
membrane
-
 Homo sapiens 16020
-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
additional information Homo sapiens isozyme HAS1 requires higher cellular UDP-GlcNAc concentration than isozymes HAS2 and HAS3. HAS1 is almost inactive in cells with low UDP-sugar supply, HAS2 activity increases with UDP-sugars, and HAS3 produces hyaluronan at high speed even with minimum substrate content. HAS works on the cytosolic pool of the UDPsugars ?
-
 ?
UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan] Homo sapiens
-
 UDP + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan]
-
 ?
UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan] Homo sapiens
-
 UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan]
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens O00219 isozyme HAS3
-
Homo sapiens Q92819 isozyme HAS2
-
Homo sapiens Q92839 isozyme HAS1
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
chondrosarcoma cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-
keratinocyte
-
 Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
additional information isozyme HAS1 requires higher cellular UDP-GlcNAc concentration than isozymes HAS2 and HAS3. HAS1 is almost inactive in cells with low UDP-sugar supply, HAS2 activity increases with UDP-sugars, and HAS3 produces hyaluronan at high speed even with minimum substrate content. HAS works on the cytosolic pool of the UDPsugars Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
additional information two glycosyltransferase activities in HAS that add glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine into their alternating positions in the chain, using UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) as substrates. Sufficient supply of both UDP-GlcUA and UDP-GlcNAc is important for hyaluronan synthesis Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan]
-
 Homo sapiens UDP + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan]
-
 ?
UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan]
-
 Homo sapiens UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan]
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
HAS1
-
 Homo sapiens
Has2
-
 Homo sapiens
Has3
-
 Homo sapiens
hyaluronan synthase 1
-
 Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.1
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
additional information product hyaluronan is secreted to the cell surface or the into the growth medium by HAS-containing cell culture, respectively Homo sapiens
physiological function the expression of the Has1 isoenzyme, most dependent on high UDP-sugar contents, is coordinated with a metabolic state that maintains a high level of these substrates Homo sapiens