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Literature summary for 2.7.4.1 extracted from

  • Zhang, H.; Gomez-Garcia, M.R.; Shi, X.; Rao, N.N.; Kornberg, A.
    Polyphosphate kinase 1, a conserved bacterial enzyme, in a eukaryote, Dictyostelium discoideum, with a role in cytokinesis (2007), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 16486-16491.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
actin Dictyostelium discoideum also has an actin-related poly P synthesizing complex, DdPPK2, that is KCl dependent Dictyostelium discoideum
additional information polyphosphate or ATP promote oligomerization of the enzyme in vitro, polyphosphate activates about 10fold Dictyostelium discoideum

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene Ddppk1, overexpression under control of the strong promoter Pact15, functional expression of GFP-DdPPK1 fusion protein Dictyostelium discoideum

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information DdPPK1 mutants show reduced polyphosphate levels and are defective in fruiting body development, sporulation, and predation, and in late stages of cytokinesis and cell division, overview. The enzyme-defective mutants do not produce polyphosphate exopolymer Dictyostelium discoideum

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
KCl inhibits PPK1 80% at 500 mM, but not PPK2 Dictyostelium discoideum
phalloidin a heptapeptide toxin from the mushroom Amanita phalloides, which binds tightly and specifically to polymerized actin, inhibits DdPPK2 and DdPPK1, the latter by 80% at 10 nM, the molar ratio of phalloidin to DdPPK1 of 10:15 results in complete inhibition of DdPPK1 activity Dictyostelium discoideum

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
membrane vesicles Dictyostelium discoideum 16020
-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
KCl Dictyostelium discoideum also has an actin-related poly P synthesizing complex, DdPPK2, that is KCl dependent Dictyostelium discoideum
Mg2+
-
Dictyostelium discoideum

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
118000
-
6 * 118000, SDS-PAGE, DdPPK1 forms higher oligomeric structures in the presence of either poly phosphate or ATP Dictyostelium discoideum
720000
-
gel filtration Dictyostelium discoideum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ATP + (phosphate)n Dictyostelium discoideum PPK1 is the principal enzyme responsible for reversible synthesis of polyphosphate from the terminal phosphate of ATP ADP + (phosphate)n+1
-
r
additional information Dictyostelium discoideum the organism also has an actin-related poly P synthesizing complex, DdPPK2, that is KCl dependent ?
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Dictyostelium discoideum Q54BM7 gene Ddppk1
-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
phosphoprotein DdPPK1 contains the conserved residues for autophosphorylation Dictyostelium discoideum

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
native enzyme 480fold by heparin affinity chromatography and two different steps of anion exchange chromatography Dictyostelium discoideum

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
0.048
-
purified enzyme Dictyostelium discoideum

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + (phosphate)n
-
Dictyostelium discoideum ADP + (phosphate)n+1 DdPPK1 products are heterogeneous in chain length, with broad-range chain lengths of 50-300 Pi residues, and shorter compared to those of Escherichia coli r
ATP + (phosphate)n PPK1 is the principal enzyme responsible for reversible synthesis of polyphosphate from the terminal phosphate of ATP Dictyostelium discoideum ADP + (phosphate)n+1
-
r
additional information the organism also has an actin-related poly P synthesizing complex, DdPPK2, that is KCl dependent Dictyostelium discoideum ?
-
?
additional information the enzyme from Dictyostelium discoideum performs autophosphorylation and has an unique N-terminal extension of 370 amino acids, lacking homology with any known protein, that is necessary for its enzymatic activity, cellular localization, and physiological functions, overview Dictyostelium discoideum ?
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
hexamer 6 * 118000, SDS-PAGE, DdPPK1 forms higher oligomeric structures in the presence of either poly phosphate or ATP Dictyostelium discoideum
More the enzyme from Dictyostelium discoideum has an unique N-terminal extension of 370 amino acids, lacking homology with any known protein, that is necessary for its enzymatic activity, cellular localization, and physiological functions, overview Dictyostelium discoideum

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
plyphosphate kinase 1
-
Dictyostelium discoideum
PPK1
-
Dictyostelium discoideum
PPK2
-
Dictyostelium discoideum

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
-
Dictyostelium discoideum

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
15 40
-
Dictyostelium discoideum

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
ATP DdPPK1 contains the conserved residues for ATP binding Dictyostelium discoideum