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1.1.1.1: alcohol dehydrogenase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about alcohol dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.1.1.1

Reaction

a primary alcohol
+
NAD+
=
an aldehyde
+
NADH
+
H+

Synonyms

(R)-specific alcohol dehydrogenase, 40 kDa allergen, Aadh1, acetaldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH, ADH 1, ADH class III, ADH I, ADH II, ADH-10, ADH-A, ADH-A2, ADH-B2, ADH-C2, ADH-HT, ADH-I, ADH1, ADH1B, ADH1C, ADH1C*1, ADH1C*2, Adh1p, ADH2, ADH3, ADH4, ADH5, ADH6Hp, ADH8, AdhA, AdhB, AdhC, AdhD, AdhE, ADHES77, ADS1, AFPDH, alcohol dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD), alcohol dehydrogenase 1, alcohol dehydrogenase 10, alcohol dehydrogenase 2, alcohol dehydrogenase 3, alcohol dehydrogenase 5, alcohol dehydrogenase class-P, alcohol dehydrogenase D, alcohol dehydrogenase GroES domain protein, alcohol dehydrogenase I, alcohol dehydrogenase II, Alcohol dehydrogenase-B2, alcohol dependent dehydrogenase, alcohol-aldehyde/ketone oxidoreductase, NAD+-dependent, alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, aldehyde reductase, aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase, ALDH, aliphatic alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoaldehyde dehydrogenase, anti-Prelog reductase, APE2239, APE_2239.1, ARAD1B16786p, bi-functional alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase, bifunctional acetaldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase, bifunctional alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase, CHY1186, class I ADH, class I ALDH, class II ADH, class III ADH, class III alcohol dehydrogenase, class IV ADH, Cm-ADH2, Cthe_0423, DADH, dehydrogenase, alcohol, ethanol dehydrogenase, FALDH, FDH, Gastric alcohol dehydrogenase, Glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase, glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase/alcohol dehydrogenase, GSH-FDH, GSH-FDH/ADH, HLAD, hLADH, HpADH3, HtADH, HvADH1, HVO_2428, iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase, KlADH4, KlDH3, KmADH3, KmADH4, LSADH, medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase, medium-chain NAD+-dependent ADH, medium-chain secondary alcohol dehydrogenase, MGD, More, NAD(H)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, NAD+-ADH, NAD+-dependent (S)-stereospecific alcohol dehydrogenase, NAD+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, NAD+-dependent SDR, NAD+-linked alcohol dehydrogenase 1, NAD+-linked methylglyoxal dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent medium-chain ADH, NAD-specific aromatic alcohol dehydrogenase, NADH-alcohol dehydrogenase, NADH-aldehyde dehydrogenase, NADH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, NADH-dependent anti-Prelog specific ADH, NADH:p-NTF-reductase, Octanol dehydrogenase, Pcal_1311, PF0991 protein, PF1960, PFADH, primary alcohol dehydrogenase, Retinol dehydrogenase, SaADH, SaADH2, Saci_1232, SADH, SCAD, sec-ADH A, short-chain ADH, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, short-chain NAD(H)-dependent dehydrogenase/reductase, slr1192, SSADH, SsADH-10, SSO2536, ST0053, Ta1316 ADH, TaDH, TBADH, Teth39_0206, Teth39_0218, Teth514_0627, TK0845, Tsac_0416, Y-ADH, YADH, YADH-1, yeast alcohol dehydrogenase, YIM1, YLL056C, YMR152W, Ymr152wp

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors
             1.1.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
                1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase

Inhibitors

Inhibitors on EC 1.1.1.1 - alcohol dehydrogenase

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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1,10-phenanthroline
1,2-dithioglycerol
-
competitive
1,2-Ethanedithiol
-
competitive
1,3-propanedithiol
-
competitive
1,4-Butanedithiol
-
competitive
1,4-dioxane
30%, 5–30% inactivation of the initial values following 5 h incubation at 50°C
1,4-dithioerythritol
-
competitive
1,4-dithiothreitol
-
competitive
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate
1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione
-
competitive
1-thio-1-phenylmethane
-
competitive
1-thioacetamide
-
competitive
1-thioacetate
-
competitive
1-thiobutane
-
competitive
1-thioethane
-
competitive
1-thioglycerol
-
competitive
1-thiopropane
-
competitive
1-thiosorbitol
-
competitive
12-hydroxydodecanoate
-
-
1H,1H-heptafluorobutanol
strong inhibitor
2,2'-bipyridine
2,2'-bipyridyl
2,2'-dipyridyl
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
2,4-dinitrophenol
-
1 mM, complete inhibition
2-Chloroethanol
-
competitive towards ethanol
2-fluoroethanol
-
-
2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole
-
competitive
2-mercaptobenzimidazole
-
competitive
2-mercaptobenzothiazole
-
competitive
2-mercaptoethanol
2-mercaptoimidazole
-
competitive
2-phenylethanethiol
-
competitive
2-propanol
120–125% activation after incubation for 25 h in the presence of 17% 2-propanol. High concentration (30%) result in enzyme inactivation to 5–30% of the initial values following 5 h incubation at 50°C
2-pyridylethanethiol
-
competitive
2-thioacetate
-
competitive
2-thiobutane
-
competitive
2-thiopropane
-
competitive
2-thiopyridine
-
competitive
2-thiopyrimidine
-
competitive
3-butylthiolan 1-oxide
-
dead-end inhibitor to the enzyme-cofactor complex, inhibition of oxidation reaction
3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole
-
competitive
3-thiopropionate
-
competitive
4-androsten-3,17-dione
-
competitive against substrate cyclohexanone
4-bromobenzyl alcohol-NAD+
-
-
4-bromopyrazole
-
-
4-cyanopyrazole
-
-
4-iodopyrazole
4-methoxypyrazole
4-methylbenzyl alcohol-NAD+
-
-
4-Methylpyrazole
4-nitropyrazole
-
-
4-octylpyrazole
-
-
4-pentylpyrazole
-
-
4-propylpyrazole
-
-
5-amino-1-pentanol
-
5-beta-D-ribofuranosylnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
-
potent and specific inhibitor
5-hydroxymethylfurfural
-
-
5alpha-androstan-17beta-ol-3-one
-
i.e. 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, allosteric, competitive against substrate cyclohexanone, noncompetitive against NAD+ nd ethanol
6-amino-1-hexanol
-
6-thioguanine
-
competitive
6-thioguanosine
-
competitive
8-Amino-6-methoxyquinoline
-
-
8-hydroxyquinoline 5-sulfonic acid
acetaldehyde
acetaminophen
-
0.5 mM, 16% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*1/*1 activity, 6.1% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*2/*2 activity
acetone
acetonitrile
120–125% activation after incubation for 25 h in the presence of 17% acetonitrile. High concentration (30%) result in enzyme inactivation to 5–30% of the initial values following 5 h incubation at 50°C
Acetylsalicylate
-
1 mM, 4.4% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*1/*1 activity, 2.8% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*2/*2 activity
AgNO3
all-trans-retinal
-
product inhibition
all-trans-retinoic acid
-
weak feedback inhibition
Antimycin
0.0017 mM, 95% inhibition
B4O72-
-
-
BaCl2
Biochanin A
-
inhibition of isoenzyme BB-ADH, no inhibition of isoenzyme AA-ADH and TT-ADH
CaCl2
-
100 mM, 30% inhibition
caffeic acid
-
mixed type of inhibition
captopril
-
competitive
CHAPS
10% (w/v), 59% inhibition
Cibacron blue
-
competitive towards NAD+
cimetidine
-
0.2 mM, 2.5% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*1/*1 activity, 12% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*2/*2 activity
CoCl2
coenzyme A
-
competitive
CoSO4
1 mM, 11% inhibition
CuCl2
cyanide
-
competitive with nicotinamide nucleotides. NADH increases cyanide-resistance of ADH II
cyclobutyl carbinol
-
complete inhibition in vitro at 890 nM, anti-amoebic activity on trophozoites by growth inhibition of recombinant Escherichia coli cells
Cyclohexanol
-
competitive
cyclohexylformamide
dead-end inhibition pattern
cyclopropyl carbinol
-
complete inhibition in vitro at 1820 nM, anti-amoebic activity on trophozoites by growth inhibition of recombinant Escherichia coli cells
Cys
-
competitive
cysteamine
-
competitive
D-glucose
-
enzyme activity decreases to half of its original activity at 4 mg/ml of D-glucose. The thiol groups of alcohol dehydrogenase are involved in binding
daidzein
-
inhibition of isoenzyme BB-ADH, no inhibition of isoenzyme AA-ADH and TT-ADH
Diethylamine NONOate
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
competitive
dimethyl sulfoxide
-
dipicolinic acid
Disulfiram
-
competitive
dithiothreitol
dodecanoic acid
-
inhibits ADH3 irrespective of substrate
ellagic acid
-
mixed type of inhibition
ethanol
FeCl2
1 mM, 57% inhibition
FeCl3
FeSO4
genistein
-
inhibition of isoenzyme BB-ADH, no inhibition of isoenzyme AA-ADH and TT-ADH
Glutaraldehyde
-
71% relative activity in the presence of 10 mM glutaraldehyde
glutathione
glycolaldehyde
slight inhibition
guanidine hydrochloride
-
-
heptafluorobutanol
-
-
heptane
50% (v/v), 99% loss of activity
hexadecane
50% (v/v), 71% loss of activity
hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide
1 mM, 79% inhibition
Hg(CH3COO)2
1 mM, 37% inhibition
HgCl2
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride
1 mM, 34% inhibition
imidazole
iodoacetamide
iodoacetate
iodoacetic acid
isoburyramide
-
competitive towards ethanol and butan-2-ol
Isobutyramide
isooctane
50% (v/v), 98% loss of activity
Isopropanol
50% (v/v), 88% loss of activity
KCl
slight inhibition
KCN
-
1 mM, 41% inhibition
methanol
50% (v/v), 30% loss of activity
MgCl2
MgSO4
-
19% inhibition at 1 mM
MnCl2
-
24% inhibition at 1 mM
N-1-methylheptylformamide
-
inhibits isozyme gamma(2)gamma(2)
N-benzylformamide
-
inhibits isozyme beta(1)beta(1)
N-cyclopentyl-N-cyclobutylformamide
-
inhibits isozyme alphaalpha, complex structure
N-ethylmaleimide
-
1 mM, 11% inhibition
N-heptylformamide
-
inhibits isozyme beta(1)beta(1)
Na+
10 mM, 13% loss of activity
NAD+
-
substrate inhibition above 5 mM
NADP+
-
-
NiCl2
NO
-
Cys residues contained within the zinc/thiolate active center may be primary sites of NO interaction
o-phenanthroline
-
loses 30% of its activity immediately on addition of o-phenanthroline
octanoic acid
p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonate
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
-
-
p-hydroxymercuribenzoate
-
-
p-nitrophenol
-
noncompetitive inhibition of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl octanoate
PbCl2
Pectin
-
enzyme activity decreases to half of its original activity at 2 mg/ml of pectin. The thiol groups of alcohol dehydrogenase are involved in binding
pefabloc
10 mM, 32% inhibition
Penicillamine
-
competitive
PMSF
-
-
polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether
1 mM, 43% inhibition
-
propan-2-ol
-
competitive
pyrazole
Pyridine
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
inactivates by modifying its epsilon-amino group, NAD+ protects
quercetin
-
22% inhibition at 0.01 mM
S-2-Chloro-3-(imidazol-5-yl)propionate
-
inactivation at pH 8.2, R-2-chloro-3-(imidazol-5-yl)propionate has no effect
salicylate
-
1.5 mM, 12% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*1/*1 activity, 31% inhibition of hepatic allotype ADH1B*2/*2 activity
Sodium dodecyl sulfate
5 mM, complete loss of activity
sodium iodoacetate
-
increasing concentrations od sodium iodoacetate produce a slight decrease in activity
starch
-
enzyme activity decreases to half of its original activity at 10 mg/ml of starch. The thiol groups of alcohol dehydrogenase are involved in binding
sulfonic acid
-
-
syringaldehyde
-
mixed type of inhibition
tert-butanol
50% (v/v), 92% loss of activity
tert-butyl hydroperoxide
-
irreversible, inactivation is associated with -SH group oxidation
testosterone
-
inhibition of isoenzyme BB-ADH, no inhibition of isoenzyme AA-ADH and TT-ADH
Thiophenol
-
competitive
Thiourea
-
competitive
Toluene
50% (v/v), 97% loss of activity
trichloroethanol
-
weak inhibition
trifluoroethanol
Triton X-100
10% (w/v), 78% inhibition
Tween 20
10% (w/v), 82% inhibition
Tween 80
Vanillin
-
mixed type of inhibition
ZnSO4
additional information
-