1.13.12.8: Watasenia-luciferin 2-monooxygenase
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For detailed information about Watasenia-luciferin 2-monooxygenase, go to the full flat file.
Reaction
Synonyms
alkanal monooxygenase (FMN-linked), bacterial luciferase, luciferase, luciferase (Photobacterium leiognathi), LuxAB, Photorhabdus luminescens luciferase, Vibrio fischeri luuciferase, Watasenia-type luciferase
ECTree
1.13.12.8 Watasenia-luciferin 2-monooxygenaseAdvanced search results
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General Information on EC 1.13.12.8 - Watasenia-luciferin 2-monooxygenase
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GENERAL INFORMATION 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
evolution
physiological function
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the organism produces flashes of blue light via a series of complicated luciferin-luciferase reactions involving ATP, Mg2+, and molecular oxygen. The enzyme catalyzes the two key steps. They are the addition of molecular oxygen to luciferin and the formation of light emitter. The oxygenation reaction occurs with a single electron-transfer (SET) mechanism, and the light emitter is produced via the mechanism of gradually reversible charge-transfer-induced luminescence (GRCTIL). Biolumiscence key steps are oxygenation of luciferin and thermolysis of the peroxide intermediate to produce light emitter
additional information
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protein microcrystals in the arm photophores catalyse the bioluminescent reaction using ATP and the substrate coelenterazine disulfate. The crystals contain a major 63 kDa protein and a minor 81 kDa protein, in a mass ratio of about 8 to 1. Three homologous proteins comprise the luminescent arm tip microcrystals, i.e. proteins wsluc1-3, wsluc1-3 form a complex that crystallises inside the squid photophores. Analysis of the proteins from the protein crystal extraction identified by MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry analysis, overview
evolution
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proteins wsluc1-3 belong to the ANL superfamily. ANL superfamily enzymes have independently evolved in distant species to produce light using unrelated substrates
evolution
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Watasenia scintillans coelenterazine disulfonate has an imidazopyrazinone skeleton. Besides the firefly and bacteria bioluminescence, the bioluminescence coming from imidazopyrazinone derivatives-based luciferin or luminescent substrate of photoprotein is the most known one, which covers eight phyla, i.e. radiolaria, cnidaria, chordata, ctenophora, mollusca, arthropoda, echinodermata, and chaetognatha. The oxygenation process is not only crucial to Watasenia scintillans bioluminescence, but also a general step in almost all oxygen-dependent bioluminescence systems, such as firefly, sea firefly, jellyfish, Obelia, and bacteria
