1.3.1.92: artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13)-reductase
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For detailed information about artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13)-reductase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.3.1.92
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1.3.1.92
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artemisinin
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annua
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artemisia
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trichomes
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cyp71av1
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amorpha-4,11-diene
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glandular
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trichome-specific
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antimalarial
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dihydroartemisinic
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hydroxylase
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malaria
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synthesis
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medicine
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drug development
- 1.3.1.92
- artemisinin
- annua
-
artemisia
- trichomes
- cyp71av1
- amorpha-4,11-diene
- glandular
-
trichome-specific
-
antimalarial
-
dihydroartemisinic
- hydroxylase
-
malaria
- synthesis
- medicine
- drug development
Reaction
Synonyms
artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13) double bond reductase2, artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13) double-bond reductase, artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13) reductase, Dbr2, double bond reductase 2, double-bond reductase 2
ECTree
1.3.1.92 artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13)-reductaseAdvanced search results
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Engineering
Engineering on EC 1.3.1.92 - artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13)-reductase
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PROTEIN VARIANTS 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
heterologous expression of Artemisia annua amorphadiene synthase and CYP71AV1, the cytochrome P450 responsible for oxidation of amorphadiene, in tobacco lead to the accumulation of amorphadiene and artemisinic alcohol, but not artemisinic acid, in leaf. Additional expression of artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13) double-bond reductase with or without aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 leads to the additional accumulation dihydroartemisinic alcohol
additional information
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heterologous expression of Artemisia annua amorphadiene synthase and CYP71AV1, the cytochrome P450 responsible for oxidation of amorphadiene, in tobacco lead to the accumulation of amorphadiene and artemisinic alcohol, but not artemisinic acid, in leaf. Additional expression of artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13) double-bond reductase with or without aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 leads to the additional accumulation dihydroartemisinic alcohol
additional information
branch pathway blocking in Artemisia annua is a useful method for obtaining high yield artemisinin. In anti-squalene synthase (SQS) transgenic plants, the transcription levels of beta-caryophyllene synthase (CPS), beta-farnesene synthase (BFS), germacrene A synthase (GAS), amorpha-4,11-diene synthase (ADS), amorphadiene 12-hydroxylase (CYP71AV1) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) all increase. Contents of artemisinin and dihydroartemisinic acid are enhanced by 71% and 223%, respectively, while beta-farnesene is raised to 123% compared to control. The mRNA level of artemisinic aldehyde DELTA11(13) reductase (DBR2) does negligibly change in almost all transgenic plants, overview
additional information
the yield of artemisinin from Artemisia annua is relatively low when cultivated under Indian climatic conditions. Artemisinin biosynthesized at clinically meaningful levels in Nicotiana tabacum by engineering two metabolic pathways targeted to three different cellular compartments (chloroplast, nucleus, and mitochondria). The doubly transgenic lines show a 3fold enhancement of isopentenyl diphosphate, and targeting AACPR, DBR2, and CYP71AV1 to chloroplasts results in higher expression and an efficient photooxidation of dihydroartemisinic acid to artemisinin. Partially purified extracts from the leaves of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants inhibit in vitro growth progression of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells, parasitemia is observed in mice fed with pure artemisinin as well as those fed with the wild-type plant extract, Plasmodium berghei murine malaria model. Artemisinin biosynthesis by sequential metabolic engineering of chloroplast and nuclear genomes, overview
