1.3.5.1: succinate dehydrogenase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about succinate dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.3.5.1
-
1.3.5.1
-
paragangliomas
-
fiber
-
malate
-
atpase
-
citrate
-
light-harvesting
-
tricarboxylic
-
pheochromocytoma
-
germline
-
histocompatibility
-
isocitrate
-
glycogen
-
3-nitropropionic
-
photosystems
-
wistar
-
lhcii
-
fungicide
-
chlorophyl
-
tca
-
triphosphatase
-
krebs
-
flavoproteins
-
histochemistry
-
soleus
-
bioenergetics
-
thylakoids
-
huntington
-
striatal
-
gastrocnemius
-
cytochemical
-
mtdna
-
aconitase
-
glucose-6-phosphatase
-
antenna
-
rotenone
-
gist
-
antimycin
-
oxphos
-
lateralis
-
vastus
-
myofibrillar
-
supercomplexes
-
submitochondrial
-
hippel-lindau
-
fast-twitch
-
pdgfra
-
subsarcolemmal
-
plantaris
-
non-photochemical
-
excitonic
-
biotechnology
-
medicine
-
diagnostics
-
molecular biology
- 1.3.5.1
- paragangliomas
- fiber
- malate
- atpase
- citrate
-
light-harvesting
-
tricarboxylic
- pheochromocytoma
-
germline
-
histocompatibility
- isocitrate
- glycogen
-
3-nitropropionic
- photosystems
- wistar
- lhcii
-
fungicide
-
chlorophyl
- tca
- triphosphatase
-
krebs
- flavoproteins
-
histochemistry
- soleus
-
bioenergetics
- thylakoids
- huntington
- striatal
- gastrocnemius
-
cytochemical
- mtdna
- aconitase
- glucose-6-phosphatase
- antenna
- rotenone
-
gist
- antimycin
-
oxphos
- lateralis
-
vastus
- myofibrillar
-
supercomplexes
-
submitochondrial
- hippel-lindau
-
fast-twitch
-
pdgfra
-
subsarcolemmal
- plantaris
-
non-photochemical
-
excitonic
- biotechnology
- medicine
- diagnostics
- molecular biology
Reaction
Synonyms
8-methylmenaquinol:fumarate reductase, AaSdhB, bacterial succinate:quinone oxidoreductase flavoprotein, complex II, Complex II homolog, complex II of the respiratory chain, complex II succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, DCPIP oxidoreductase, dehydrogenase, succinate, dehydrogenase/complex II, EC 1.3.5.4, EC 1.3.99.1, Fcc3, fdrB, FL cyt, Flavocytochrome c3, FRD, FrdA, FRdABCD, FrdC, FRdCAB, FrdD, fumarate reductase, fumarate reductase complex, fumaric hydrogenase, Ifc3, Iron(III)-induced flavocytochrome C3, iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase, menaquinol-1 fumarate reductase, menaquinol-fumarate oxidoreductase, menaquinol:fumarate oxidoreductase, methylmenaquinol:fumarate reductase, MFR, MFR complex, MfrA, MfrB, mitochondrial complex II, mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, More, mQFR, MSMEG_0416, MSMEG_0417, MSMEG_0418, MSMEG_0419, MSMEG_0420, MSMEG_1669, MSMEG_1670, MSMEG_1671, MSMEG_1672, non-classical succinate:quinone reductase, QFR, quinol-fumarate reductase, quinol:fumarate reductase, SDG, SDG-1, SDG-2, SDH, SDH1, SDH2, SDH2-1, SDH2-2, SDH3, SDH4, SdhA, sdhABE, SDHB, SdhC, sdhCAB, SdhCDAB, SdhD, SDISP, SQR, succinate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase (caldariellaquinone), succinate dehydrogenase (quinone), succinate dehydrogenase B, succinate dehydrogenase complex, succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit Sdh1p, succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein, succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulphur protein, succinate dehydrogenase subunit B, succinate oxidoreductase, succinate-2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase, succinate-coenzyme Q reductase, succinate-quinone oxidoreductase, succinate-quinone reductase, succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:caldariellaquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:menaquinone 7-reductase, succinate:menaquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:menaquinone reductase, succinate:MK reductase, succinate:quinone oxidoreductase, succinate:quinone reductase, succinate:quinone reductases, succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:ubiquinone reductase, succinic acid dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, succinodehydrogenase, succinyl dehydrogenase, Tneu_0423
ECTree
1.3.5.1 succinate dehydrogenaseAdvanced search results
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results (Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 1.3.5.1 - succinate dehydrogenase
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SUBSTRATE 
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-malate + N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl 4-phenylenediamine
oxaloacetate + reduced N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl 4-phenylenediamine
-
-
-
-
r
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinol
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
the redox potential of the 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol couple is identical to that of the 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinol couple
-
-
?
fumarate + 8-methylmenaquinol-6
succinate + 8-methylmenaquinone-6
-
-
-
-
?
fumarate + a menaquinol
succinate + a menaquinone
-
the enzyme is involved in anaerobic metabolism
-
-
?
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
r
fumarate + reduced benzyl viologen
succinate + oxidized benzyl viologen
-
-
-
r
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
-
enzyme catalyzes fumarate reduction as well as succinate oxidation with commensurate activities
-
-
r
succinate + 1-methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate
fumarate + ?
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-ethyl-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-ethyl-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
the redox potential of the 2,3-dimethoxy-5-ethyl-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone/2,3-dimethoxy-5-ethyl-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinol couple is 90 mV higher than that of the 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol couple
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzohydroquinone
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinol
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinol
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-pentyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-pentyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinol
-
the redox potential of the 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol couple is identical to that of the 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinol couple
-
-
r
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
succinate + 2-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-3,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide
?
-
i.e. MTT, in presence of phenazine methosulfate, i.e. PMS
-
-
?
succinate + 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
fumarate + 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol
-
the redox potential of the 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinol couple is identical to that of the 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinol couple
-
-
?
succinate + 3-azido-2-methyl-5-methoxy-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 3-azido-2-methyl-5-methoxy-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
the succinate dehydrogenase C subunit is responsible for ubiquinone binding
-
?
succinate + benzyl viologen
fumarate + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + duroquinone
fumarate + duroquinol
-
with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
?
succinate + menadione
fumarate + menadiol
-
with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
?
succinate + nitro blue tetrazolium
fumarate + formazan
-
yellow dye
blue dye
-
?
succinate + oxidised 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
succinate + oxidized benzyl viologen
fumarate + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
r
succinate + oxidized donor
?
-
endogenous SDH activity results in blue diphormazan deposits from the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction through succinate oxidation
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4-phenylenediamine
fumarate + reduced N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4-phenylenediamine
succinate + oxidized phenazine ethosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine ethosulfate
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + oxidized phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
?
succinate + phenazine ethosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine ethosulfate
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + ?
-
phenazine methosulfate as direct electron acceptor and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol as final acceptor
-
-
?
succinate + phenazine methosulfate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + ?
-
quinone reduction by Rhodothermus marinus succinate:menaquinone oxidoreductase is not stimulated by the membrane potential
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone-1
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
succinate:quinone reductase activity is determined as quinone-mediated succinate:2,4-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP) reductase
-
-
r
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
mutation of His-82 to Arg in fumarate reductase subunit C prevents oxidation of 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
-
r
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
-
-
?
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
-
-
?
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
reaction catalyzed by fumarate reductase complex, the site of the complex reacting with fumarate is situated on the 79000 Da subunit, and the site reacting with dimethylnaphthohydroquinone is cytochrome b
-
?, r
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
cytochrome b-dependent in both directions
-
r
fumarate + a quinol
succinate + a quinone
-
-
-
r
fumarate + a quinol
succinate + a quinone
-
-
-
r
fumarate + anthrahydroquinonesulfonate
succinate + anthraquinonesulfonate
-
-
-
?
fumarate + anthrahydroquinonesulfonate
succinate + anthraquinonesulfonate
-
reaction catalyzed in the presence or absence of cytochrome b
-
?
fumarate + electron donor
succinate + oxidized donor
-
-
-
-
?
fumarate + electron donor
succinate + oxidized donor
-
donor: benzyl viologen
-
-
?
fumarate + electron donor
succinate + oxidized donor
-
main reaction for fumarate reductase, reverse reaction only 1% of fumarate reduction
-
-
?
fumarate + electron donor
succinate + oxidized donor
-
donor: anthrahydroquinonesulfonate
-
-
r
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
-
-
-
?
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
-
fumarate reductase acts as part of an anaerobic respiratory chain
-
-
r
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
enzyme is expressed under anaerobic conditions, transcription is coupled to that of the succinate-ubiquinone oxidase, EC 1.3.5.1
-
-
r
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
-
the enzyme catalyzes the terminal step of the phosphorylative electron transport
-
?
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
-
the enzyme catalyzes the terminal step of the phosphorylative electron transport
-
?
fumarate + reduced acceptor
succinate + acceptor
the obligate autotroph requires fumarate reductase activity if it performs CO2 fixation via a reductive citric acid cycle
-
-
r
fumarate + reduced acceptor
succinate + acceptor
-
FrdCAB functions in vivo as both the fumarate reductase and the succinate dehydrogenase, with an apparent energetic cost when catalyzing succinate oxidation
-
-
r
fumarate + reduced benzyl viologen
succinate + benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
fumarate + reduced benzyl viologen
succinate + benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
fumarate + reduced benzyl viologen
succinate + benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 1,4-naphthoquinone
fumarate + 1,4-naphthoquinol
-
with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
?
succinate + 1,4-naphthoquinone
fumarate + 1,4-naphthoquinol
Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
-
with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinone
fumarate + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-geranyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
ir
succinate + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
ir
succinate + a menaquinone
fumarate + a menaquinol
-
the enzyme is involved in anaerobic respiration with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor, and is part of an electron transport chain catalysing the oxidation of various donor substrates by fumarate
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
r
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
r
succinate + acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
Sdh produces only superoxide and no H2O2 upon flavin autoxidation, even at high concentrations of succinate
-
-
?
succinate + acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
succinic acid is incubated with mitochondria and its oxidation by SDH is measured by the reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
?
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
r
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
r
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
caldariellaquinone, the physiologically acting electron mediator in Sulfolobus membranes is slowly reduced as compared to water-soluble dyes
-
-
?
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
caldariellaquinone, the physiologically acting electron mediator in Sulfolobus membranes is slowly reduced as compared to water-soluble dyes
-
-
?
succinate + decylubiquinone
fumarate + decylubiquinol
-
decylubiquinone-mediated reduction of dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
main reaction for succinate dehydrogenase, acceptor: phenazine methosulfate (oxidized)
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: ferricyanide
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: dichloroindophenol
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
active in aerobic respiration, repressed during anaerobic respiration
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: phenazine methosulfate and 2,6-dichloroindophenol
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
main reaction for succinate dehydrogenase, acceptor: phenazine methosulfate (oxidized)
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: ferricyanide
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
comparison of assay methods
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: phenazine methosulfate and 2,6-dichloroindophenol
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
main reaction for succinate dehydrogenase, acceptor: phenazine methosulfate (oxidized)
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: ferricyanide
-
-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: methylene blue (oxidized)
-
-
r
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
-
acceptor: ferricyanide
-
-
r
succinate + ferricyanide
fumarate + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
?
succinate + ferricyanide
fumarate + ferrocyanide
-
the assay is based on the reduction of ferricyanide to ferrocyanide by SDH activity and on the coupled capture of ferrocyanide by copper. The granular reaction product (copperferrocyanide) is highly electron opaque and is confined exclusively to the mitochondrial membranes.The use of a chelating agent in the incubating medium prevents the diffusion of the dark spots and guarantees their precise localization at the site of SDH activity
-
-
?
succinate + ferrocyanide
fumarate + ferricyanide
-
-
-
?
succinate + ferrocyanide
fumarate + ferricyanide
-
-
-
?
succinate + menaquinone
fumarate + menaquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + menaquinone
fumarate + menaquinol
QFR can also catalyze the reverse reaction, succinate oxidation, albeit with slower kinetics and poorer catalytic efficiency
-
-
r
succinate + menaquinone
fumarate + menaquinol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382
-
-
-
?
succinate + menaquinone
fumarate + menaquinol
Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidised 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
succinic acid is incubated with mitochondria and its oxidation by SDH is measured by the reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
?
succinate + oxidised 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
succinic acid is incubated with mitochondria and its oxidation by SDH is measured by the reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
-
in the presence of the artificial electron acceptor phenazine methosulfate and the ubiquinone analogue UQ1
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
-
in presence of phenazine methosulfate
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
r
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
in presence of phenazine methosulfate
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
succinate-dependent, phenazine methosulfate-mediated malonate-sensitive reduction of 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
fumarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4-phenylenediamine
fumarate + reduced N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4-phenylenediamine
-
-
-
?
succinate + oxidized N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4-phenylenediamine
fumarate + reduced N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4-phenylenediamine
-
-
-
?
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
enzyme catalyzes fumarate reduction as well as succinate oxidation with commensurate activities
-
-
r
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
r
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, best substrate
-
-
?
succinate + phenazine methosulfate
fumarate + reduced phenazine methosulfate
Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
-
with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, best substrate
-
-
?
succinate + rhodoquinone
fumarate + rhodoquinol
rhodoquinone binding site, overview
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
the succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondria in adults and larvae are comparable
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
electron acceptor: menaquinone
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
slow inactivation of the the enzyme in the substrate assay mixture containing different concentrations of substrates, succinate and 2,6-dichloroindophenol, the inactivation rate decreases with increasing concentration of succinate, the inactivation is 2,6-dichloroindophenol concentration independent
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
succinate dehydrogenase restores full activity to electron transport particles or complex II preparations whose succinate dehydrogenases have been selectively destroyed at pH 9.3
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
complex II of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylating system
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
complex II is the only membrane bound enzyme of the Krebs cycle, and it feeds electrons into the electron transport chain from the oxidation of succinate
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
electrons move from the FAD prosthetic group in SDH on to the two matrix subunits via a series of [Fe-S] redox clusters and possibly also via a heme group to end up at the terminal acceptor ubiquinone residing within the membrane subunits CybL and CybS
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
succinate dehydrogenase is a functional member of the Krebs cycle and the aerobic respiratory chain and couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of quinone to quinol
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
the enzyme does not generate a proton motive force during catalysis and are electroneutral, thus, the quinone reduction reaction must consume cytoplasmic protons which are released stoichiometrically during succinate oxidation. Residues SdhBG227, SdhCD95, and SdhCE101 are located at or near the entrance of a water channel that functions as a proton wire connecting the cytoplasm to the quinone binding site in vivo, while an alternative proton pathway exists in vitro only, overview
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
SDH is a key enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Functioning as mitochondrial complex II in the electron transport chain, it transfers electrons extracted from succinate to ubiquinone
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
the enzyme is part of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, it is also a tumor suppressor. Succinate stabilizes and activates hypoxia-inducible factor HIFalpha and reversibly and competitively inhibits HIF-prolyl hydroxylase leading to induction of hypoxia in SDH-deficient cells, 2-oxoglutarate overcomes succinate-mediated inhibition of PHD in vitro, overview
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
determination of quinol:fumarate reductase activity using 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinol
-
r
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
two electrons from succinate are transferred one at a time through a flavin cofactor and a chain of iron-sulfur clusters to reduce ubiquinone to an ubisemiquinone intermediate and to ubiquinol, role of Tyr-89 in the protonation of ubiquinone
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
SDH is an essential component of the electron transport chain and of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the mitochondrial membrane
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
a key membrane complex in the tricarboxylic acid cycle that catalyzes the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the mitochondrial matrix as succinate dehydrogenase
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
electrons are transferred from succinate to ubiquinone through the buried prosthetic groups FAD, [2Fe-2S] cluster, [4Fe-4S] cluster [3Fe-4S] cluster and heme, which form an integral part of the complex
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone-2
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
succinate:quinone reductase activity is determined as quinone-mediated succinate:2,4-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP) reductase
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
-
fumarate reductase activity of larval complex II is less than 3% of that of adult enzyme, complex II of adult nematode functions in the reverse direction as a fumarate reductase rather than as a succinate dehydrogenase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
classification of fumarate reductases and succinate dehydrogenases based on voltammetric studies
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
complex II of adult organism muscle exhibits high fumarate reductase activity and plays a key role in anaerobic electron-transport during adaptation to their microaerobic habitat, in contrast larval complex II shows a much lower fumarate reductase activity than the adult enzyme and functions as succinate dehydrogenase in aerobic respiration
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
complex II from mitochondria of the adult parasitic nematode exhibits a high fumarate reductase activity and plays a key role in the anaerobic electron transport observed in these organelles
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme also accepts reduced decylubiquinone, reaction of EC 1.3.5.1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme also accetps phenazine methosulfate, reaction of EC 1.3.5.4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
evidence for proton potential dependent catalysis of succinate oxidation by quinone as well as for proton potential generation upon catalysis of fumarate reduction by quinol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
classification of fumarate reductases and succinate dehydrogenases based on voltammetric studies
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
pathway of electron transfer in complex II
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme has the function to oxidize succinate to fumarate, as part of the Krebs' cycle and directly couples this to the reduction of quinone in the membrane, quinol is then oxidized by the respiratory chain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
electronic communication between purified SQR and a surface modified gold capillary electrode, redox titrations, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
electronic communication between purified SQR and a surface modified gold capillary electrode, redox titrations, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
reduction of coenzyme Q and analogues, coenzyme Q2 is the most efficient electron acceptor, coenzyme Q10 in substrate quantities when supplemented with Triton X-100 and a lipid extract is about 75% as efficient as coenzyme Q2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
classification of fumarate reductases and succinate dehydrogenases based on voltammetric studies
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
study of potential dependecy and pH dependency of reaction, tunnel-diopde effect
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is a component of the respiratory chain and operates as a compulsory member of the Krebs cycle in mammals
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is a component of the respiratory chain and operates as a compulsory member of the Krebs cycle in mammals
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
vitamin E analogues bind to the Qp site of the mitochondrial complex II causing the generation of superoxide triggering mitochondrial destabilisation and initiation of apoptotic pathways, mechanism, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
for enzymatic activity the succinate-dependent, phenazine methosulfate-mediated reduction of dichlorophenol indophenol of crude mitochondrial fractions prepared from the wild type and the P211 mutants is measured
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
for enzymatic activity the succinate-dependent, phenazine methosulfate-mediated reduction of dichlorophenol indophenol of crude mitochondrial fractions prepared from the wild type and the P211 mutants is measured
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
efficiency with different quinones, in decreasing order: phenazine methosulfate, decylubiquinone, duroquinone, menadione, 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
classification of fumarate reductases and succinate dehydrogenases based on voltammetric studies
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
pathway of electron transfer in complex II
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
study of potential dependecy and pH dependency of reaction, tunnel-diopde effect
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
model of fumarate reductase electron-transport chain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is a component of the respiratory chain and operates as a compulsory member of the Krebs cycle in mammals
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme also accepts artificial electron acceptors, reaction of EC 1.3.99.1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme operates with both natural quinones, ubiquinone and menaquinone, at a single quinone binding site. Residue Lys228 in subunit FrdB provides a strong hydrogen bond to menaquinone and is essential for reactions with both quinone types. There is similar hydrogen bonding of the C1 carbonyl of both MQ and UQ, whereas there is different hydrogen bonding for their C4 carbonyls
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
dichlorophenolindophenol only acceptor when used together with phenazine methosulfate, no reaction with ubiquinones, see EC 1.3.5.1 for SDH- and FRD-complex
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
approximately 10% to 15% of paragangliomas are caused by mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase genes SDHB, SDHC, or SDHD
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme subunit mutations are involved in the Carney-Stratakis syndrome and in development of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
germline mutations in the SDHB, SDHC or SDHD genes cause hereditary paraganglioma tumors which show constitutive activation of homeostatic mechanisms induced by oxygen deprivation/hypoxia, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
germline mutations of the gene SDHB encoding succinate dehydrogenase subunit B predispose to malignant paraganglioma. Despite an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, penetrance of the disease is incomplete and age dependent, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
germline mutations of the SDHB gene are correlated to an elevated risk of malignant, extradrenal tumor development, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
high frequency of germline succinate dehydrogenase mutations in sporadic cervical paragangliomas in northern Spain, mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase structure-function relationships and clinical-pathological correlations
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
inhibition of mitochondrial complex IV leads to secondary loss complex II-III activity: implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mitochondrial dysfunction by complex II inhibition delays overall cell cycle progression via reactive oxygen species production, overview, complex II defects are involved in ageing and cancers such as hereditary paraganglioma and familial pheochromocytoma, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mutations of the enzyme can cause hereditary paraganglioma and/or pheochromocytoma, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
subunit mutations are involved in development of malignant paragangliomas
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase enzyme subunit B gene mutations cause metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, distribution of metastases in different tissues in correlation to the enzyme expression, sites of bone involvement, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the Cowden or Cowden-like syndromes are caused by PTEN mutations of the SDH-D gene, encoding the subunit D, the syndromes are associated with breast, thyroid and endometrial neoplasias, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the nuclear genes SDHD and SDHB encode two mitochondrial enzyme complex II subunits and are associated with the development of familial pheochromocytomas and paraganglioma, i.e. the hereditary pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome, HPPS, and the following metastasis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
classification of fumarate reductases and succinate dehydrogenases based on voltammetric studies
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas
analysis of the electron/proton transfer pathways in the quinol:fumarate reductase from Desulfovibrio gigas, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382
analysis of the electron/proton transfer pathways in the quinol:fumarate reductase from Desulfovibrio gigas, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme has the function to oxidize succinate to fumarate, as part of the Krebs' cycle and directly couples this to the reduction of quinone in the membrane, quinol is then oxidized by the respiratory chain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
membrane-bound enzyme of the citric acid cycle and the respiratory chain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
classification of fumarate reductases and succinate dehydrogenases based on voltammetric studies
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme assay using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the flavoprotein of succinate dehydrogenase is an in vitro substrate of and phosphorylated at Tyr535 and Tyr596 by the Fgr tyrosine kinase, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
determination of the activity of succinate dehydrogenase by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide reduction and by reduction of electron acceptor dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP)
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
determination of the activity of succinate dehydrogenase by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide reduction and by reduction of electron acceptor dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP)
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the complex can be degraded to form EC 1.3.99.1, which no longer reacts with ubiquinone but acts with other electron acceptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
classification of fumarate reductases and succinate dehydrogenases based on voltammetric studies
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit Sdh1p is bound by the mitochondrial FAD transporter, Flx1p, a member of the mitochondrial carrier family responsible for FAD transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, FLX1p controls SDH activity by regulating the amount of flavinylated Sdh1p, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
female BALB/c mice vaccinated with recombinant Schistiosoma japonicum succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein all revealed high levels of specific antibody and significant reduction in worm burden, liver eggs per gram, fecal eggs per gram and intrauterine eggs, compared to non-vaccinated mice, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
female BALB/c mice vaccinated with recombinant Schistiosoma japonicum succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein all revealed high levels of specific antibody and significant reduction in worm burden, liver eggs per gram, fecal eggs per gram and intrauterine eggs, compared to non-vaccinated mice, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
-
no activity with 1,4-benzoquinone
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
pathway of electron transfer in complex II
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the fumarate reductase complex has two different reactive sites, which are essential for its function in the phosphorylative electron transport of the bacterium
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is involved in aerobic metabolism as part of the citric acid cycle and of the aerobic respiratory chain, fumarate reductase participates in anaerobic respiration with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor and is part of the electron transport chain catalysing the oxidation of various donor substrates by fumarate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
fumarate reduction activity is measured by monitoring photometrically the oxidation of dithionite-reduced benzylviologen by fumarate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate oxidation activity is determined using either methylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, ferricenium hexafluorophosphate, dimethylnaphthoquinone or as electron acceptor. Strikingly, no succinate oxidation activity is be detected, independent of the electron acceptor
-
-
?
