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evolution
the CKX gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana comprises seven members
evolution
a total of 8 cytokinin dehydrogenase CKX gene family members are identified from 'Kyoho' grape genome. All CKXs have 3-5 introns. The CKX family members have two highly conserved domains: an oxidase FAD-binding domain and a cytokinin dehydrogenase 1, FAD/cytokinin binding domain
evolution
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in 228 barley landraces and 216 wild accessions, 14 haplotypes of gene CKX2 have been identified, five of these with ten or more members, coding for four different protein variants. The amino acid substitution specific to haplotype 3 can result in a change in the functional properties of the CKX2 protein. Haplotypes 1-3 have overlapping geographical distributions in the wild population, but the average rainfall amounts at the collection sites for haplotype 3 plants are significantly higher during November to February compared to the equivalent data for plants of haplotypes 1 and 2
malfunction
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silencing of the CKX1 gene decreases the cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase level in barley and leads to higher plant productivity (number of seeds per plant) and root weight
malfunction
silencing of the CKX1 gene decreases the cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase level in barley and leads to higher plant productivity (number of seeds per plant) and root weight
malfunction
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chlorotic leaves associated with a reduction in representative Ccytokinin levels and high H2O2 concentrations under drought, salt and iron-deficiency stresses of tomato plants.Chlorosis-inducing stresses (salt and iron-deficiency) induce lower chlorophyll levels as compared to drought stress and control, overview
malfunction
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inhibition of the enzyme by 24-epibrassinolide leads to activation of production of cytokinins in roots and shoots, of which excessive amounts are transferred into the storage forms
malfunction
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overexpression of the AtCKX genes in tobacco leads to shoot senescence, an increase of the root meristem zone, and enhanced formation of lateral roots
malfunction
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silencing of the HvCKX1 gene of barley cytokinin oxidase leads to a significant inhibition of cytokinin oxidase activity accompanied by an increase in productivity of this culture
malfunction
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inhibition of the enzyme by 24-epibrassinolide leads to activation of production of cytokinins in roots and shoots, of which excessive amounts are transferred into the storage forms
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malfunction
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chlorotic leaves associated with a reduction in representative Ccytokinin levels and high H2O2 concentrations under drought, salt and iron-deficiency stresses of tomato plants.Chlorosis-inducing stresses (salt and iron-deficiency) induce lower chlorophyll levels as compared to drought stress and control, overview
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metabolism
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comparison of the functional spectra of cytokinins and brassinosteroids, overview
metabolism
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comparison of the functional spectra of cytokinins and brassinosteroids, overview
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physiological function
cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase irreversibly degrades the plant hormones cytokinins and thereby participates in their homeostasis
physiological function
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cytokinin dehydrogenase catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinins, that play a role in the regulation of hydrogen peroxide accumulation while H2O2 is involved in chlorophyll degradation. CKX differentially regulates representative cytokinin levels and indirectly influence H2O2 accumulation in tomato leaves.mechanism, overview. The CKX isoforms in the tomato leaf appear to have distinct roles in differentially regulating CK levels and indirectly influencing H2O2 accumulation
physiological function
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cytokinin oxidase is involved in the regulation of cytokinin content by 24-epibrassinolide in wheat seedlings
physiological function
cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development
physiological function
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cytokinins are plant growth regulators playing crucial role in almost all the developmental processes. Oxidative breakdown of cytokinins by cytokinin oxidase is an important process by which plant tissues control the levels and distribution of cytokinins
physiological function
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the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
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the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
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the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
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the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
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the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
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the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
-
the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
-
the enzyme catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin phytohormones that are extremely necessary for growth, development, and differentiation of plants. Cytokinin oxidase plays an important role in the regulation of levels of cytokinin hormones, the enzyme directly influences cytokinin-regulated physiological processes in plants
physiological function
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the regulation of CKO activity might be one of the important mechanisms determining plant response to treatments via the changes in the cytokinin concentration. The presence of apoplastic (xylem) cytokinins located outside the cells may be important because the receptors of cytokinins initiating activation of CKO gene expression are located in the cell membrane
physiological function
isoform CKX1 is a key regulator of active cytokinin levels in developing maize roots
physiological function
transgenic barley overexpressing the cytokinin dehydrogenase gene CKX1 shows greater tolerance to drought stress
physiological function
a CKX2 mutant shows longer panicle with dense branching pattern and higher seed setting rate compared to the wild-type. The grains in the mutant are markedly longer, wider, and heavier compared to the wild-type. A higher number of the spikelet cells with bigger size result in larger grains in the mutant strain. Mutant panicles have a decreased CKX2 expression in and display reduced cytokinin dehydrogenase enzyme activity, leading to remarkably higher endogenous cytokinin content
physiological function
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cytokinin oxidase is involved in the regulation of cytokinin content by 24-epibrassinolide in wheat seedlings
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physiological function
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cytokinin dehydrogenase catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinins, that play a role in the regulation of hydrogen peroxide accumulation while H2O2 is involved in chlorophyll degradation. CKX differentially regulates representative cytokinin levels and indirectly influence H2O2 accumulation in tomato leaves.mechanism, overview. The CKX isoforms in the tomato leaf appear to have distinct roles in differentially regulating CK levels and indirectly influencing H2O2 accumulation
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physiological function
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the regulation of CKO activity might be one of the important mechanisms determining plant response to treatments via the changes in the cytokinin concentration. The presence of apoplastic (xylem) cytokinins located outside the cells may be important because the receptors of cytokinins initiating activation of CKO gene expression are located in the cell membrane
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physiological function
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cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development
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