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1.8.1.9: thioredoxin-disulfide reductase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about thioredoxin-disulfide reductase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.8.1.9

Reaction

thioredoxin
+
NADP+
=
thioredoxin disulfide
 +
NADPH
 +
H+

Synonyms

all0737, ApTR, At2g41680, AtNTRA, AtNTRB, bacillithiol disulfide reductase, bacillithiol-disulfide reductase, BBOV_I002190, Bdr, BSSB reductase, CeTR2, DmTR, DmTrxR, DmTrxR-1, EC 1.6.4.5, EhTRXR, ferredoxin:thioredoxin reductase, FTR, general stress protein 35, GSP35, HCOI_01258400, hemolysate thioredoxin reductase, hemolysate TR, hTrxR, HvNTR1, HvNTR2, L-TR, L-TrxR, More, MtNTRC, mTR3, multifunctional thioredoxin-glutathione reductase, NAD(P)H:paraquat oxidoreductase, NADP-dependent thioredoxin reductase, NADP-linked thioredoxin reductase, NADP-thioredoxin reductase, NADP-thioredoxin reductase C, NADPH thioredoxin reductase, NADPH thioredoxin reductase C, NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase, NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase 2, NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C, NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase I, NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase-1, NADPH-dependent TRX reductase, NADPH-thioredoxin reductase, NADPH-thioredoxin reductase C, NADPH-Trx reductase, NADPH2:oxidized thioredoxin oxidoreductase, NAPDH-dependent BSSB reductase, NTR, Ntr1, NTR2, Ntr3, NTRA, NTRAB, NtrB, NTRC, PH0178, PH1426, PhRP, PhTrxR, protein-disulfide oxidoreductase, reductase, thioredoxin, SEP1, taTrxR, TGR, thioredoxin glutathione reductase, thioredoxin h reductase, thioredoxin reductase, thioredoxin reductase (NADPH), thioredoxin reductase 1, thioredoxin reductase 2, thioredoxin reductase-1, thioredoxin reductase1, TON_1603, TR, TR1, TR2, TR3, TRase, TrR, Trr1, Trr1p, TRR2, Trx1, Trx3, TrxB, TrxB1, TrxB2, TrxR, TrxR-1(cyto), TrxR-1(mito), TrxR1, TrxR2, TrxR3, TrxRB3, TRXRD, TrxRh1, TrxRh2, TrxT, Txnrd1, TXNRD1-v3, Txnrd2, TXNRD3, TxrR-1, YpdA

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors
             1.8.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
                1.8.1.9 thioredoxin-disulfide reductase

Expression

Expression on EC 1.8.1.9 - thioredoxin-disulfide reductase

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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
activities of thioredoxin reductase in Plasmodium berghei-infected erythrocytes are higher than those in normal host cells
-
expression is affected by alternative splicing resulting in a transcript with premature stop codon, which would produce a truncated form of the enzyme. The standard splicing/alternative splicing (SS/AS) transcripts ratio is higher in photosynthetic tissues from Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon and Solanum lycopersicum, in line with the higher content of the NtrC polypeptide in these tissues
expression is affected by alternative splicing resulting in a transcript with premature stop codon, which would produce a truncated form of the enzyme. The standard splicing/alternative splicing (SS/AS) transcripts ratio is higher in photosynthetic tissues from Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon and Solanum lycopersicum, in line with the higher content of the NtrC polypeptide in these tissues. Environmental stresses such as cold or high salt affect the SS/AS ratio of the NtrC gene transcripts
methyl viologen treatment leads to 2fold induction of transcript expression
OxyR regulates TrxB expression by promoting trxB transcription from the P2 site when oxidative stresses lowers the transcription from the constitutive P1 site
the expression of TrxR1 can be induced by UV and heat (37°C). The expression level of TrxR1 increases gradually between 0 and 1 h, and is maintained at a high level after 2 h after heat or UV exposure
the highest level of enzyme expression is observed after exposure to 10mg/l of Cd+ for 24 h followed by 20 mg/l for 48 h. The upregulation of mRNA is more pronounced after 24 h exposure to 50 and 100 mg/L of paraquat compared to 12 h exposure
the transcript of NTRC increases throughout 24 h hardening, whereas the encoded protein amount and total NTR activity decrease once and the increase during hardening
thioredoxin reductase activity gradually increases 4fold within ca. 70 h when cells are transferred to the medium containing 10 nM selenite, selenium is essential for the induction of thioredoxin reductase activity at the translational level but not at the transcriptional level
transcription of thioredoxin reductase is markedly elevated in the sarA mutant under conditions of aerobic, as well as micro-aerophilic growth, indicating that SarA acts as a negative regulator of thioredoxin reductase expression, 2-3fold higher level of thioredoxin reductase is observed in the sarA mutant as compared to the wild type strain
-
TxnRd1 expression is elevated by more than 50fold in FaDu and HeLa cells and by more than 20fold in SCC-1 cells compared with either MSK-Leuk1 cells or keratinocytes. TxnRd activity is about 20fold higher in FaDu and HeLa cells and about 7fold higher in SCC-1 cells compared with that in keratinocytes or MSK-Leuk1 cells
-
wild-type cells exposed to strong oxidants such as H2O2 and hypochlorous acid (HOCl), nitric oxide-generating NOC-12, the toxic electrophilic metabolic byproduct methylglyoxal (MG), and thiol stress-inducing diamide at experimentally determined non-lethal concentrations all show significant increases in fluorescence attributable to enhanced ypdA promoter activity, these increases in transcriptional activity result in enhanced YpdA protein expression, YpdA levels are induced by stress