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Information on EC 1.1.1.219 - dihydroflavonol 4-reductase
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1.1.1.219 dihydroflavonol 4-reductaseIUBMB Comments
This plant enzyme, involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, is known to act on (+)-dihydrokaempferol, (+)-taxifolin, and (+)-dihydromyricetin, although some enzymes may act only on a subset of these compounds. Each dihydroflavonol is reduced to the corresponding cis-flavan-3,4-diol. NAD+ can act instead of NADP+, but more slowly.
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Word Map
- 1.1.1.219
- chalcone
- flower
- anthocyanidins
-
3\'-hydroxylase
- flavonols
- flavanone
- cultivar
- proanthocyanidins
-
leucoanthocyanidins
-
phenylpropanoids
- petunia
-
purple
-
ammonia-lyase
-
colour
- catechin
-
3',5'-hydroxylase
- pelargonidin
- hybrida
-
camellia
-
b-ring
-
ornamental
- delphinidin
- naringenin
-
r2r3-myb
- 3-o-glucosyltransferase
- anr
- majus
- antirrhinum
-
flavan-3-ols
- eriodictyol
-
udp-glucose:flavonoid
- glory
- gerbera
- tepal
- snapdragon
- 3-o-glucoside
-
flavonoid-related
- leucocyanidin
-
4-coumarate-coa
-
white-flowered
-
3-o-glucosyl
- molecular biology
- agriculture
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase, dihydroflavonol reductase, dihydroflavonol-4-reductase, csdfr, tadfr, mcdfr, brdfr1, bo9g058630, pgdfr, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
DFR
DFR1
DFR2
DHM reductase
-
-
-
-
DHQ reductase
-
-
-
-
dihydroflavanol 4-reductase
dihydroflavonol 4-reductase
dihydroflavonol-4-reductase
dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase
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-
-
-
dihydromyricetin reductase
-
-
-
-
dihydroquercetin reductase
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-
-
-
NADPH-dihydromyricetin reductase
-
-
-
-
PAS_chr3_0449
reductase, dihydromyricetin
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-
-
-
reductase, dihydroquercetin
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-
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TRANSPARENT TESTA 3 protein
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-
-
-
DFR
-
-
-
-
DFR
-
dihydroflavanol 4-reductase
-
-
-
-
dihydroflavonol 4-reductase
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + NADP+ = a (2R,3R)-dihydroflavonol + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
oxidation
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin:NADP+ 4-oxidoreductase
This plant enzyme, involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, is known to act on (+)-dihydrokaempferol, (+)-taxifolin, and (+)-dihydromyricetin, although some enzymes may act only on a subset of these compounds. Each dihydroflavonol is reduced to the corresponding cis-flavan-3,4-diol. NAD+ can act instead of NADP+, but more slowly.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
83682-99-9
-
98668-58-7
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2R,3R)-(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
(2R,3S,4S)-cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(4S)-5,5,5-trifluoro-4-hydroxy-4-phenylpentan-2-one + NADPH + H+
(2S)-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-phenylpentane-2,4-diol + NADP+
enzyme specifically reduces the S-enantiomer
-
-
?
2,3-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
low activity
-
-
?
2,3-dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
2,3-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
i.e. (+)-taxifolin, stereospecific for (+)-isomer
-
-
?
2-methylpentanal + NADPH + H+
2-methyl-pentan-1-ol + NADP+
249% of the activity with benzaldehyde
-
-
?
7-hydroxyflavanone + NADPH + H+
2,4-cis-7-hydroxyflavan-4-ol + 2,4-trans-7-hydroxyflavan-4-ol + NADP+
-
-
-
?
heptan-2-one + NADPH + H+
(2S)-heptan-2-ol + NADP+
-
99% conversion, 99% enantiomeric excess
-
r
hexan-2-one + NADPH + H+
(2S)-hexan-2-ol + NADP+
-
99% conversion, 99% enantiomeric excess
-
r
hexanal + NADPH + H+
hexan-1-ol + NADP+
74% of the activity with benzaldehyde
-
-
?
(+)-2,3-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-2,3-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-2,3-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
low activity
-
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
30% as active as dihydroquercetin
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
i.e. 5'-hydroxy-dihydroquercetin
i.e. 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavan-3,4-cis-diol
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
i.e. 5'-hydroxy-dihydroquercetin
i.e. 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavan-3,4-cis-diol
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
i.e. 5'-hydroxy-dihydroquercetin
i.e. 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavan-3,4-cis-diol, configuration 2R,3S-trans-3S,4S-cis-leucodelphinidin
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
i.e. 5'-hydroxy-dihydroquercetin
i.e. 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavan-3,4-cis-diol
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
preferred substrate
-
-
?
(+)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
best substrate
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
i.e. 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan-3,4-cis-diol, 2,3-trans-configuration retained
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
i.e. 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan-3,4-cis-diol, 2,3-trans-configuration retained
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(+)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2E)-hex-2-enal + NADPH + H+
(2E)-hex-2-en-1-ol + NADP+
97% of the activity with benzaldehyde
-
-
?
(2E)-hex-2-enal + NADPH + H+
(2E)-hex-2-en-1-ol + NADP+
97% of the activity with benzaldehyde
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
(2R,3S,4S)-cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
(2R,3S,4S)-cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
(2R,3S,4S)-cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-(+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH
(2R,3S,4S)-cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-3,4-leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
(2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin + NADPH
(2R,3S,4R)-leucocyanidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
butanal + NADPH + H+
butan-1-ol + NADP+
176% of the activity with benzaldehyde
-
-
?
butanal + NADPH + H+
butan-1-ol + NADP+
176% of the activity with benzaldehyde
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
highest pelargonidin concentration derived from the E-color culture harboring the Anthurium andraeanum DFR
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
best substrate
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
best substrate
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+
leucopelargonidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?
dihydromyricetin + NADPH + H+
leucodelphinidin + NADP+
-
-
-
?