Information on EC 1.1.1.78 - methylglyoxal reductase (NADH)

for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.1.1.78
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria

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EC NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
1.1.1.78
-
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
methylglyoxal reductase (NADH)
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
(R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = methylglyoxal + NADH + H+
show the reaction diagram
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
methylglyoxal degradation VI
-
-
Pyruvate metabolism
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(R)-lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
This mammalian enzyme differs from the yeast enzyme, EC 1.1.1.283, methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH-dependent), by its coenzyme requirement, reaction direction, and enantiomeric preference.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
37250-16-1
-
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
-
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
-
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
-
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
-
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acetaldehyde + NADH + H+
ethanol + NAD+
show the reaction diagram
DL-glyceraldehyde + NAD+
?
show the reaction diagram
glutaraldehyde + NADH
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
glyceraldehyde + NADH
glycerol + NAD+
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
glyoxal + NADH
glycolaldehyde + NAD+
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
methylglyoxal + NADH
(R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+
show the reaction diagram
methylglyoxal + NADPH
lactaldehyde + NADP+
show the reaction diagram
methylglyoxal + NADPH + H+
(R)-lactataldehyde + NADP+
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
phenylglyoxal + NADH
hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
methylglyoxal + NADH
(R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+
show the reaction diagram
methylglyoxal + NADPH
lactaldehyde + NADP+
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
NADPH
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate)
-
-
iodoacetate
N-ethylmaleimide
p-chloromercuribenzoate
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2-mercaptoethanol
-
slight activation
dithiothreitol
-
slight activation
glutathione
-
slight activation
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.013
DL-lactaldehyde
-
-
0.4
methylglyoxal
-
-
0.034
NAD+
-
-
0.2
NADH
-
-
0.3
Phenylglyoxal
-
-
additional information
additional information
-
-
-
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
69.2
-
-
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
7
-
similar enzyme with NADPH-requirement for methylglyoxal reduction, that is inactive with NAD+, NADH and NADP+
11
-
in the oxidation of D-lactaldehyde, increase of reaction rate up to pH 11
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
4.5 - 9.5
-
pH 4.5 and pH 9.5: about 50% of activity maximum
6 - 8
-
pH 6.0 and pH 8.0: about 50% of activity maximum
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
25 - 75
-
25°C and 75°C: about 50% of activity maximum
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
highest activity
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
35000
-
2 * 35000, SDS-PAGE
46000
-
2 * 46000, SDS-PAGE
69000
-
gel filtration
89000
-
gel filtration
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
monomer
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
4.5
-
1 min, 40°C, 50% loss of activity
207971
6
-
1 min, 40°C, stable
207971
8
-
1 min, 40°C, stable
207971
11
-
1 min, 40°C, 50% loss of activity 4
207971
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
25
-
stable below
39
-
3 min, 50% loss of activity
44
-
80 s, 50% loss of activity
50
-
40 s, 50% loss of activity
60
-
35 s, 50% loss of activity
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
4°C, 15 days
-
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.1.1.78)
ExplorEnz
ExPASy
KEGG
MetaCyc
SABIO-RK
NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature
PROSITE Database of protein families and domains
InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)