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Information on EC 1.13.11.15 - 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase
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EC Tree
1.13.11.15 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenaseIUBMB Comments
An iron protein.
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Word Map
- 1.13.11.15
-
extradiol
-
catecholate
- 4-nitrocatechol
- fuscum
-
brevibacterium
- globiformis
-
manganese-dependent
-
ring-cleaving
-
extradiol-cleaving
-
second-sphere
-
monoanionic
-
hydroperoxo
- 4-hydroxyphenylacetate
-
superoxo
-
alkylperoxo
-
feiii-superoxo
-
manganeseii
-
ortho-dihydroxylated
-
side-on
-
crystallo
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase, fehpcd, padhpao, 2,3-hpcd, fe-hpcd, mn-hpcd, dhpao, hpado, mnhpcd, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
2,3-HPCD
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 2,3-dioxygenase
-
-
-
-
DHPAO
FeHPCD
homoprotocatechuate 2,3 dioxygenase
homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase
HPADO
-
-
-
-
HPC dioxygenase
-
-
-
-
HPCD
Mn(II)-dependent 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase
oxygenase, homoprotocatechuate 2,3-di-
-
-
-
-
PaDHPAO
homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase
-
-
-
-
homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase
-
-
homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase
involved in biodegradation of catechol
HPCD
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
mechanism, substrate chelates the metal ion asymmetrically at sites trans to two imidazole ligands
-
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
mechanism, substrate chelates the metal ion asymmetrically at sites trans to two imidazole ligands
-
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
substrate binding occurs in a four-step process, transient intermediates and mechanism
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
An iron protein.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37256-56-7
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + O2
CO2 + alpha-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde
-
-
mutant H200F produces alpha-carboxy-cis,cis-muconic acid
-
?
3,4 dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
1-carboxymethyl-4-hydroxy-cis-muconic semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
1-carboxymethyl-4-hydroxy-cis-muconic semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethyl-cis,cis-muconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-DL-alanine + O2
(2E,4Z)-7-amino-5-formyl-2-hydroxyocta-2,4-dienedioic acid
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrocatechol + O2
(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-4-nitro-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate
-
-
-
?
4-nitrocatechol + O2
(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-nitro-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate
-
-
-
?
N-formyl-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-DL-alanine + O2
(2E,4Z)-5-formyl-7-(formylamino)-2-hydroxyocta-2,4-dienedioic acid
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate semialdehyde
-
0.58% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate semialdehyde
-
0.125% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxymandelate + O2
?
Arthrobacter synephrinum
-
50% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxymandelate + O2
?
-
14% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxymandelate + O2
?
-
83% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is induced by 4-hydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in the meta-cleavage pathway for the degradation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in the meta-cleavage pathway for the degradation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of L-Tyr
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
Arthrobacter synephrinum
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme catalyzes the estradiol cleavage of catechols
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
key ring cleavage step in metabolism of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
proximal extradiol cleavage of the aromatic ring of the substrate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
Fe2+-containing homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase, FeHPCD, activates O2 to catalyze the aromatic ring opening of homoprotocatechuate. O2 activation steps for extradiol dioxygenases, mechanism, overview
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
Mössbauer spectra of the reaction intermediates trapped by rapid freeze quench show that both intermediates contain Fe2+. The lack of a chromophore characteristic of a quinone or semiquinone form of HPCA, the presence of Fe2+, and the low O2 affinity suggests that is an HPCA-FeII-O2 complex with little electron delocalization onto the O2
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
substrates homoprotocatechuate and O2 bind to the Fe2+ of homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase in adjacent coordination sites. Transfer of an electron(s) from 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate to O2 via the iron is proposed to activate the substrates for reaction with each other to initiate aromatic ring cleavage. Oxygen is bound as a (hydro)peroxo ligand. At least four intermediates form following addition of O2 with a pre-formed enzyme-substrate complex, different intermediate formation in mutant H200N, Mössbauer spectral analysis, overview
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
inducible enzyme
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of L-Tyr
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
catabolism of 3-hydroxyphenylacetate and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate by 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate pathway
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of L-Tyr
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of biogenic amines
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
the enzyme catalyzes the extradiol ring cleavage of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate (DHPA) by incorporation of molecular oxygen to yield 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde (CHMS). O2 insertion occurs through the substrate-alkylperoxo-Fe(II) intermediate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
the enzyme catalyzes the extradiol ring cleavage of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate (DHPA) by incorporation of molecular oxygen to yield 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde (CHMS). O2 insertion occurs through the substrate-alkylperoxo-Fe(II) intermediate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
induced by 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
induced by 3-chlorophenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
induced by 3-chlorophenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
?
-
1 mM, assay at pH 7.8, 23°C
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxyethylmuconate semialdehyde
Arthrobacter synephrinum
-
4% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxyethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
5% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxyethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
58% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxyethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
2.86% of the activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxyethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
low activity
-
-
?
4-nitrocatechol + O2
?
-
not the native substrate for HPCD, it is cleaved in a similar fashion as the natural substrate, homoprotocatechuate, 4-nitrocatechol exhibits characteristic visible absorption bands that are sensitive to its ionization and oxidation states, suitable for spectral substrate binding and reaction mechanism analysis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
LB400 cells grown with 3-hydroxyphenylacetate degrade homoprotocatechuate and show homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
poor or no activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxyphenylpropionate, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetate, and 4-nitrocatechol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
poor or no activity with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxyphenylpropionate, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetate, and 4-nitrocatechol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
very low activity with various 4-substituted catechols
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
3,4 dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
1-carboxymethyl-4-hydroxy-cis-muconic semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
LB400 cells grown with 3-hydroxyphenylacetate degrade homoprotocatechuate and show homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase activity
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is induced by 4-hydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in the meta-cleavage pathway for the degradation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in the meta-cleavage pathway for the degradation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of L-Tyr
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme catalyzes the estradiol cleavage of catechols
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
key ring cleavage step in metabolism of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
inducible enzyme
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of L-Tyr
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
catabolism of 3-hydroxyphenylacetate and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate by 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate pathway
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of L-Tyr
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
enzyme is involved in catabolism of biogenic amines
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
induced by 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
induced by 3-chlorophenylacetate
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2
2-hydroxy-5-carboxymethylmuconate semialdehyde
-
induced by 3-chlorophenylacetate
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2
-
activates at 0.5 mM, activation is enhanced by 10 mM DTT
Fe2+
Iron
Manganese
Mn
-
wild-type enzyme amd mutant enzymes H200A and H200Q: 0.6 Mn per monomer. Mutant enzyme H200E: 0.3 Mn per monomer. Mutent enzyme H200N: 0.4 MN per monomer
Mn2+
NO
-
NO binding to a non-heme enzyme containing manganese allows examination of the factors governing the formation and detection of the MIII-O2.- species in all forms of th enzyme. NO, and presumably O2, binding is sensitive to both the nature of the catecholic substrate present and the nature of the active-site amino acid residue at position 200, spectral analysis, overview
additional information
Fe2+
small model including only the most relevant parts of the residues, H155, H214, E267, Y257, directyl coordinated to Fe(II)
Fe2+
-
Fe2+-containing homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase, FeHPCD, activates O2 to catalyze the aromatic ring opening of homoprotocatechuate
Fe2+
-
FeHPCD, substrates homoprotocatechuate and O2 bind to the Fe2+ of homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase in adjacent coordination sites
Fe2+
-
the catalytic Fe2+ is active site bound, electron transfer from the chelated aromatic substrate through the Fe2+ to O2 gives both substrates radical character promoting reaction between the substrates to form an alkylperoxo intermediate as the first step in aromatic ring cleavage
Fe2+
-
0.71 mol/subunit, dependent on, a mononuclear non-heme ferrous ion, Fe(II), is the metal cofactor
Iron
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4-5 gatom of iron per mol of enzyme, most of the iron is involved in the association of the subunits, at least 1 gatom of iron is at the active site
Iron
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the non-heme bound-iron is in the ferrous state and is essential for activity
Manganese
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enzyme is dependent on manganese, the conserved residues H155, H1214 and E266 ligate manganese
additional information
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the enzyme is fully functional using metals with a redox potential range spanning 1.15 V. Recombinant extradiol dioxygenase homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase functions with the same kcat, and kcat/KmO2 values within error when the Fe2+ is replaced by Mn2+. It exhibits even higher kcat and KmO2 values when Co2+ is substituted
additional information
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the enzyme requires Fe2+ for catalysis, but Mn2+ can be substituted (MnHPCD) with essentially no change in the steady-state kinetic parameters, spectral analysis, overview
additional information
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apoPaDHPAO cannot be restored by substitution with either Mn(II) or Co(II), although the two metal ions can bind to apoPaDHPAO, Fe(II) is the native and mandatory metal ion for PaDHPAO. 10 mM DTT alone does not activate the enzyme
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
air
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initially high activity of Fe-MndD, becomes inactivtated within one h
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Copper salicylate
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0.166 mM, rate of oxygen uptake is decreased by 38%, rate of product formation is diminished by 58%
H2O2
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stable to H2O2, due to the fact that the enzyme is also an effective catalase
additional information
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stable to H2O2, due to the fact that the enzyme is also an effective catalase
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additional information
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NaF no effect on the enzyme stability and activity, no significant inhibition by Mg2+
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE