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(9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-9,11,14-trienoic acid + O2
(9S,11Z,14Z)-9-hydroperoxyicosa-11,14-dienoic acid
-
good substrate
-
-
?
12-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-9,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid + O2
12,13-epoxy-14-hydroxy-cis,cis-9,15-octadecadienoic acid
9-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-6,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid + O2
9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-cis,cis-6,12-octadecadienoic acid
9-hydroperoxy-trans,cis-10,12-octadecadienoic acid + O2
9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid
AA/Lyso-PA + O2
15-HPETE/lyso-PA + 13-HPETE/lyso-PA + 15-HPETE/lyso-PA + 11-HPETE/lyso-PA + 5-HPETE/lyso-PA
-
-
36%, 22%, 21% and 13% yield, respectively
-
?
alpha-linolenate
(9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
-
(9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate is the main product
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
alpha-linolenate + O2
?
comparable oxygenase activity with either linoleic acid or linolenic acid
no product determined
-
?
alpha-linolenic acid + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid
alpha-linolenic acid + O2
12-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-9,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid
arachidonic acid + O2
5-HPETE + 7-HPETE + 9-HPETE
-
-
22%, 25% and 29% yield, respectively
-
?
gamma-linoleic acid + O2
9-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-6,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid
gamma-linolenate + O2
(6Z,9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-6,10,12-octadecatrienoate
-
72% (6Z,9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate, with racemic 6-, 10-, and 13-gamma-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoates as secondary products
-
?
gamma-linolenic acid + O2
9 9-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-6,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
linoleic acid + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linoleic acid + O2
9-hydroperoxy-trans,cis-10,12-octadecadienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
linolenic acid + O2
9-hydroperoxy-6,10,12-octadecatrienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linolenic acid + O2
9-hydroperoxy-trans,cis-10,12-octadecadienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
12-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-9,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid + O2
12,13-epoxy-14-hydroxy-cis,cis-9,15-octadecadienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
12-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-9,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid + O2
12,13-epoxy-14-hydroxy-cis,cis-9,15-octadecadienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
9-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-6,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid + O2
9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-cis,cis-6,12-octadecadienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
9-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-6,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid + O2
9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-cis,cis-6,12-octadecadienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
9-hydroperoxy-trans,cis-10,12-octadecadienoic acid + O2
9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
9-hydroperoxy-trans,cis-10,12-octadecadienoic acid + O2
9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
-
-
the R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
-
96% (10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate and 2.1% (9Z,11E,15Z)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11,15-octadecatrienoate
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
-
12-, 13-, and 16-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoates are minor byproducts
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
comparable oxygenase activity with either linoleic acid or linolenic acid
the enzyme forms exclusively (9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-linolenate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoate
comparable oxygenase activity with either linoleic acid or linolenic acid
more than 96% of the substrate is converted to the the 9-positional hydroperoxide
-
?
alpha-linolenic acid + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid
-
-
-
?
alpha-linolenic acid + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-linolenic acid + O2
12-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-9,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-linolenic acid + O2
12-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-9,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
arachidonate + O2
?
-
-
-
?
arachidonate + O2
?
-
-
-
?
gamma-linoleic acid + O2
9-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-6,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
gamma-linoleic acid + O2
9-hydroperoxy-cis,trans,cis-6,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
oxylipins produced by the 9-lipoxygenase pathway in Arabidopsis regulate lateral root development and defense responses through a specific signaling cascade
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
no formation of 13-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate. The R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
no formation of 13-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate. The R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
the R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate is main product. The R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate is main product. The R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
linoleate (abundant in membrane lipids of tubers) is preferred to linolenate as substrate
the R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
recombinant ZmLOX5 protein displays clear 9-LOX regiospecificity at both neutral and slightly alkaline pH
the R/S stereoconfiguration of the product is not determined
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
the main product (94%) is (10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate, primarily S configuration
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
the product of the wild-type enzyme is 98.8% (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate and 1.2% (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoate. The product of mutant enzyme A562G is 68.9% (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate and 31.1% (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoate
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
oxylipins produced by the 9-lipoxygenase pathway in Arabidopsis regulate lateral root development and defense responses through a specific signaling cascade
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
comparable oxygenase activity with either linoleic acid or linolenic acid
the enzyme forms exclusively (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
regiospecificity of Nb-9-LOX, overview
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
low catalytic activity with complex substrates as compared to free linoleic acid. Residual relative activities lower than 1% with the substrates dilinolein, trilinolein, and 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine and with extracted lipids from malt confirm this supposition. However, LOX1 catalyzes HPODE formation from PamLinGroPCho with high regioselectivity (9-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate:13-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate) and high (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate stereoselectivity (S:R) (92:8)
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
the enzyme specifically forms the 9-H(p)ODE isomer by 99.5%, 97.7% of which is in S-form
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
regiospecificity of Nb-9-LOX, overview
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
comparable oxygenase activity with either linoleic acid or linolenic acid
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
-
-
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
the product of the wild-type enzyme is 99.1% (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate and 0.9% (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoate. The product of mutant enzyme A564G is 59.9% (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate and 40.1% (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoate
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
98% (10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate, almost exclusively S stereoconfiguration. (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoate is a minor byproduct
-
?
linoleate + O2
(9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
-
9-lipoxygenase does not utilize docosadienoic acid and catalyzes eicosadienoic acid dioxygenation 20fold slower than linoleic acid dioxygenation
the enzyme specifically forms the S-stereoisomer
-
?
additional information
?
-
arachidonic acid is a poor substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
arachidonic acid is a poor substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
arachidonic acid is a poor substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
from arachidonate the wild-type enzyme forms 47% 11-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 23% 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 11% 9-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 9% 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 4.5% 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 4.5% 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Wild-type enzyme converts anandamide mainly to 11S-hydroperoxyanandamide (99.4%). The mutant A562G forms (11S)-hydroperoxyanandamide and (15R)-hydroperoxyanandamide in the ratio 3:2. No activity detected with 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine. A model is tested that predicts a relationship between substrate binding orientation and product stereochemistry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
from arachidonate the wild-type enzyme forms 47% 11-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 23% 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 11% 9-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 9% 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 4.5% 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 4.5% 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Wild-type enzyme converts anandamide mainly to 11S-hydroperoxyanandamide (99.4%). The mutant A562G forms (11S)-hydroperoxyanandamide and (15R)-hydroperoxyanandamide in the ratio 3:2. No activity detected with 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine. A model is tested that predicts a relationship between substrate binding orientation and product stereochemistry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
low activity with arachidonate, the C20 fatty acid is converted into a mixture of racemic products
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
low activity with arachidonate, the C20 fatty acid is converted into a mixture of racemic products
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in chitosan-treated Adelostemma gracillimum seedlings 9-LOX-derived oxylipins, namely 9,10,11-trihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid, accumulate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in chitosan-treated Adelostemma gracillimum seedlings 9-LOX-derived oxylipins, namely 9,10,11-trihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid, accumulate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme converted linoleic and linolenic acids almost exclusively to their 9-hydroperoxides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme converted linoleic and linolenic acids almost exclusively to their 9-hydroperoxides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
regio- and stereospecificity analysis of isozyme substrate specificity, recombinant LOX1:Md:1a, LOX1:Md:1c, LOX2:Md:2a, and LOX2:Md:2b isozymes show 13/9-LOX, 9-LOX, 13/9-LOX and 13-LOX activity with linoleic acid, respectively. While products of LOX1:Md:1c and LOX2:Md:2b are S-configured, LOX1:Md:1a and LOX2:Md:2a form 13(R)-hydroperoxides as major products. Oxygenation in the carbon backbone of linoleic acid occurs either at carbon atom 9 (9-LOX) or 13 (13-LOX), forming the corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives, respectively. LOX enzymes are not perfectly specific and biocatalysts that produce more than 10% of the alternative regio-isomer are called dual positional specific LOX
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regio- and stereospecificity analysis of isozyme substrate specificity, recombinant LOX1:Md:1a, LOX1:Md:1c, LOX2:Md:2a, and LOX2:Md:2b isozymes show 13/9-LOX, 9-LOX, 13/9-LOX and 13-LOX activity with linoleic acid, respectively. While products of LOX1:Md:1c and LOX2:Md:2b are S-configured, LOX1:Md:1a and LOX2:Md:2a form 13(R)-hydroperoxides as major products. Oxygenation in the carbon backbone of linoleic acid occurs either at carbon atom 9 (9-LOX) or 13 (13-LOX), forming the corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives, respectively. LOX enzymes are not perfectly specific and biocatalysts that produce more than 10% of the alternative regio-isomer are called dual positional specific LOX
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Nb-9-LOX possesses both 9-lipoxygenase and 13-lipoxygenase, EC 1.13.11.12, specificity, with high predominance for the 9-LOX function
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
from arachidonate the wild-type enzyme forms 11-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in essentially equal amounts (38-39%), 11% 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 4% 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 3% 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 2% 9-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Wild-type enzyme converts anandamide mainly to (11S)-hydroperoxyanandamide (71%), plus 16% (5S)-hydroperoxyanandamide. The mutant enzyme A564G forms two additional prominent products, 15-hydroperoxyanandamide (34%) and 9-hydroperoxyanandamide (19%). No activity detected with 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine. A model is tested that predicts a relationship between substrate binding orientation and product stereochemistry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
from arachidonate the wild-type enzyme forms 11-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in essentially equal amounts (38-39%), 11% 8-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 4% 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 3% 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 2% 9-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Wild-type enzyme converts anandamide mainly to (11S)-hydroperoxyanandamide (71%), plus 16% (5S)-hydroperoxyanandamide. The mutant enzyme A564G forms two additional prominent products, 15-hydroperoxyanandamide (34%) and 9-hydroperoxyanandamide (19%). No activity detected with 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine. A model is tested that predicts a relationship between substrate binding orientation and product stereochemistry
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
low activity with arachidonate, the C20 fatty acid is converted into a mixture of racemic products
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
low activity with arachidonate, the C20 fatty acid is converted into a mixture of racemic products
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes oxygenation at the n-12 position of C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids to form 9S- and 11S-hydroperoxy fatty acids, which are reduced to 9S- and 11S-hydroxy fatty acids by cysteine, respectively, and it catalyzes again oxygenation at the n-6 position of 11S-hydroxy fatty acids to form 9S,15S- and 11S,17S-dihydroxy fatty acids, respectively
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evolution
analysis of functional domains, families and motifs along with the phylogenetic analysis
evolution
DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis of LOX1 and LOX2 isozymes, phylogenetic analysis, only LOX1:Md:1a exhibits a glycine residue (Gly567) responsible for dual positional specificity and (R)-LOX activity
malfunction
CaLOX1-silenced pepper plants are more susceptible to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and Colletotrichum coccodes infection
malfunction
-
inactivation of ZmLOX3 results not only in reduced levels of fumonisin production and decreased conidiation of Fusarium verticillioides but also in decreased disease severity caused by distantly related fungal pathogens Colletotrichum graminicola and Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Hypothesis: certain fungi may require host plant 9-LOX-derived oxylipins to upregulate their developmental processes such as conidiation and mycotoxin production. Although 9-LOX derived oxylipins are reduced in the lox3-4 mutant, no significant differences of 13-LOX products derived from either C18:2 or C18:3 are observed between the embryos of wild types and lox3-4 mutants
malfunction
mutants that lack LOX1 and LOX5 function develop more emergent (stage VIII) and lateral roots than wild-type plants
malfunction
-
partial impairment of lox1 and dox1, encoding 9-lipoxygenase and alpha-dioxygenase, mutants to activate systemic acquired resistance against virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain Pst DC3000, enhanced susceptibility of lox1 to the virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain Pst DC3000. 9-Ketooctadecatrienoic acid levels are reduced in lox1 and lox1 dox1 plants but strongly increased in the dox1 mutant due to metabolic interaction of the two pathways. Mutant lox1 dox1 seedlings are hypersensitive to the growth-inhibitory effect of abscisic acid and show enhanced activation of abscisic acid-inducible marker genes as compared with wild-type plants. Phenotypes, overview
malfunction
antisense expression of Osr9-lox1 (asr9lox1) decrease the amount of wound-induced (Z)-3-hexenal but increase levels of striped stem borer (SSB)-induced linolenic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and trypsin protease inhibitors. These changes are associated with increased resistance in rice to the larvae of the SSB Chilo suppressalis. Silencing Osr9-LOX1 results in increased jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and green leaf volatiles ((Z)-3-hexenal) levels
malfunction
-
enzyme mutants are more resistant to infections with Fusarium verticillioides
malfunction
-
CaLOX1-silenced pepper plants are more susceptible to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and Colletotrichum coccodes infection
-
metabolism
-
9-lipoxygenase-generated fatty acid hydroperoxides are converted into specific trihydroxy acids by the EAS-epoxide hydrolase pathway in the beetroot. The linolenic acid-derived hydroperoxide 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z),15(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid is converted into 9(S),12(S),13(S)-trihydroxy-10(E),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid (fulgidic acid). On the other hand, the 13-lipoxygenase-generated hydroperoxides of linoleic or linolenic acids fail to produce significant amounts of trihydroxy acids. Short-time incubation of 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid affords the epoxy alcohol 12(R),13(S)-epoxy-9(S)-hydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid as the main product indicating the sequence 9-hydroperoxide to epoxy alcohol to trihydroxy acid catalyzed by epoxy alcohol synthase and epoxide hydrolase activities, respectively
metabolism
-
plant 9-lipoxygenases and alpha-dioxygenases initiate the synthesis of oxylipins after bacterial infection. Pretreatment with 9-LOX- and alpha-DOX-generated oxylipins protected plant tissues against bacterial infection, especially 9-oxo-10(E),12(Z),15(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid, which is produced from linolenic acid by 9-LOX
metabolism
the enzyme is involved in the LOX pathway, overview
metabolism
the enzyme takes part in the LOX pathway, overview
physiological function
CaLOX1 positively regulates defense and cell death responses to microbial pathogens
physiological function
enzyme is involved in cell death during cotton hypersensitive reaction
physiological function
LOX1 and LOX5 may function as regulators of root development by controlling the emergence of lateral roots through the production of (10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate
physiological function
putative role for this gene in defense against insects
physiological function
-
ZmLOX3 is required for normal plant development. The ZmLOX3-mediated pathway may act as a root-specific suppressor of all three major defense signaling pathways to channel plant energy into growth processes, but is required for normal levels of resistance against nematodes
physiological function
chitosan-induced AgLOX1 encodes a 9-lipoxygenase potentially involved in the defense response through 9-LOX pathway leading to biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds in Adelostemma gracillimum seedlings
physiological function
-
the LOX1 pathway is involved in regulating abscisic acid responses
physiological function
enzyme Osr9-LOX1 plays an important role in regulating an herbivore-induced jasmonic acid burst and cross-talk between jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, and in controlling resistance in rice to chewing and phloem-feeding herbivores
physiological function
lipoxygenase (LOX) is an important contributor to the formation of aroma-active C6 aldehydes in apple (Malus domestica) fruit upon tissue disruption, role in autonomously produced aroma volatiles from intact tissue, overview. The genetic association with a quantitative trait locus for fruit ester and the remarkable agreement in regio- and stereoselectivity of the LOX1:Md:1a reaction with the overall LOX activity found in mature apple fruits, suggest a major physiological function of LOX1:Md:1a during climacteric ripening of apples. While isozymes LOX1:Md:1c, LOX2:Md:2a, and LOX2:Md:2b may contribute to aldehyde production in immature fruit upon cell disruption isozyme, LOX1:Md:1a probably regulates the availability of precursors for ester production in intact fruit tissue. Both 9- and 13-hydroperoxides can be catabolized to aroma-active volatile aldehydes by hydroperoxide lyase. Only 13-LOX activity contributes to the apple aroma due to the formation of precursors of C6 volatile compounds. The dioxygenation of PUFAs by 9- and 13-LOX activity forms precursors for important phytooxylipins with functions in plant defense, wound signaling, senescence and fruit ripening
physiological function
r9-LOX1 positively regulates the amount of nonanal but negatively regulates acetic acid and hexanal. The negative regulation may be due to a mechanism of negative feedback between LOX family members
physiological function
the tuberization protein linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 3 is not the only gene responsible for tuberization in potato. Tuber formation process regulation, overview
physiological function
-
isoform Lox12 is implicated in fungal defense
physiological function
-
the enzyme is a major susceptibility factor induced by fungal linoleate diol synthase 1-derived oxylipins to suppress jasmonate-stimulating 9-lipoxygenases. Enzyme-mediated signaling promotes the biosynthesis of virulence-promoting oxylipins in Fusarium verticillioides. Host enzyme-produced oxylipins are essential for the normal infection and colonization processes of maize seed by Fusarium verticillioides
physiological function
-
the enzyme plays an important role in hormonal stress response during fruit ripening
physiological function
-
CaLOX1 positively regulates defense and cell death responses to microbial pathogens
-
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Doderer, A.; Kokkelink, I.; van der Veen, S.; Valk, B.E.; Schram, A.W.; Douma, A.C.
Purification and characterization of two lipoxygenase isoenzymes from germinating barley
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1120
97-104
1992
Hordeum vulgare (P29114)
brenda
Kuo, J.M.; Hwang, A.; Yeh, D.B.; Pan, M.H.; Tsai, M.L.; Pan, B.S.
Lipoxygenase from banana leaf: purification and characterization of an enzyme that catalyzes linoleic acid oxygenation at the 9-position
J. Agric. Food Chem.
54
3151-3156
2006
Musa acuminata
brenda
Garbe, L.A.; Barbosa de Almeida, R.; Nagel, R.; Wackerbauer, K.; Tressl, R.
Dual positional and stereospecificity of lipoxygenase isoenzymes from germinating barley (green malt): biotransformation of free and esterified linoleic acid
J. Agric. Food Chem.
54
946-955
2006
Hordeum vulgare (P29114)
brenda
Chechetkin, I.R.; Osipova, E.V.; Tarasova, N.B.; Mukhitova, F.K.; Hamberg, M.; Gogolev, Y.V.; Grechkin, A.N.
Specificity of oxidation of linoleic acid homologs by plant lipoxygenases
Biochemistry
74
855-861
2009
Zea mays
brenda
Mita, G.; Gallo, A.; Greco, V.; Zasiura, C.; Casey, R.; Zacheo, G.; Santino, A.
Molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of a lipoxygenase in almond (Prunus dulcis) seed
Eur. J. Biochem.
268
1500-1507
2001
Prunus dulcis (Q9LEA9), Prunus dulcis Mill. (Q9LEA9)
brenda
Royo, J.; Vancanneyt, G.; Perez, A.G.; Sanz, C.; Strmann, K.; Rosahl, S.; Sanchez-Serrano, J.J.
Characterization of three potato lipoxygenases with distinct enzymatic activities and different organ-specific and wound-regulated expression patterns
J. Biol. Chem.
271
21012-21009
1996
Solanum tuberosum (P37831)
brenda
Hamberg M.
Isolation and structures of two divinyl ether fatty acids from Clematis vitalba
Lipids
39
565-569
2004
Clematis vitalba
brenda
Boeglin, W.E.; Itoh, A.; Zheng, Y.; Coffa, G.; Howe, G.A.; Brash, A.R.
Investigation of substrate binding and product stereochemistry issues in two linoleate 9-lipoxygenases
Lipids
43
979-987
2008
Solanum lycopersicum (P38415), Solanum lycopersicum, Arabidopsis thaliana (Q06327), Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Andreou, A.Z.; Hornung, E.; Kunze, S.; Rosahl, S.; Feussner, I.
On the substrate binding of linoleate 9-lipoxygenases
Lipids
44
207-215
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q06327), Arabidopsis thaliana, Solanum tuberosum (P37831), Solanum tuberosum
brenda
Bannenberg, G.; Martnez, M.; Hamberg, M.; Castresana, C.
Diversity of the enzymatic activity in the lipoxygenase gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana
Lipids
44
85-95
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q06327), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LUW0), Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Gao, X.; Shim, W.B.; Gbel, C.; Kunze, S.; Feussner, I.; Meeley, R.; Balint-Kurti, P.; Kolomiets, M.
Disruption of a maize 9-lipoxygenase results in increased resistance to fungal pathogens and reduced levels of contamination with mycotoxin fumonisin
Mol. Plant Microbe Interact.
20
922-933
2007
Zea mays
brenda
Gao, X.; Starr, J.; Gbel, C.; Engelberth, J.; Feussner, I.; Tumlinson, J.; Kolomiets, M.
Maize 9-lipoxygenase ZmLOX3 controls development, root-specific expression of defense genes, and resistance to root-knot nematodes
Mol. Plant Microbe Interact.
21
98-109
2008
Zea mays
brenda
Mizuno, K.; Iida, T.; Takano, A.; Yokoyama, M.; Fujimura, T.
A new 9-lipoxygenase cDNA from developing rice seeds
Plant Cell Physiol.
44
1168-1175
2003
Oryza sativa (Q76I22), Oryza sativa
brenda
Vellosillo, T.; Martnez, M.; Lopez, M.A.; Vicente, J.; Cascon, T.; Dolan, L.; Hamberg, M.; Castresana, C.
Oxylipins produced by the 9-lipoxygenase pathway in Arabidopsis regulate lateral root development and defense responses through a specific signaling cascade
Plant Cell
19
831-846
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q06327), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LUW0), Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Marmey, P.; Jalloul, A.; Alhamdia, M.; Assigbetse, K.; Cacas, J.L.; Voloudakis, A.E.; Champion, A.; Clerivet, A.; Montillet, J.L.; Nicole, M.
The gene is associated with the hypersensitive reaction of cotton Gossypium hirsutum to Xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum
Plant Physiol. Biochem.
45
596-606
2007
Gossypium hirsutum (Q93WZ2), Gossypium hirsutum
brenda
Hwang, I.S.; Hwang, B.K.
The pepper 9-lipoxygenase gene CaLOX1 functions in defense and cell death responses to microbial pathogens
Plant Physiol.
152
948-967
2010
Capsicum annuum (D3TTH9), Capsicum annuum Nockwang (D3TTH9)
brenda
Ben-Hayyim, G.; Gueta-Dahan, Y.; Avsian-Kretchmer, O.; Weichert, H.; Feussner, I.
Preferential induction of a 9-lipoxygenase by salt in salt-tolerant cells of Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck
Planta
212
367-375
2001
Citrus sinensis
brenda
Park, Y.S.; Kunze, S.; Ni, X.; Feussner, I.; Kolomiets, M.V.
Comparative molecular and biochemical characterization of segmentally duplicated 9-lipoxygenase genes ZmLOX4 and ZmLOX5 of maize
Planta
231
1425-1437
2010
Zea mays (A1XCI0), Zea mays
brenda
Huang, F.C.; Schwab, W.
Cloning and characterization of a 9-lipoxygenase gene induced by pathogen attack from Nicotiana benthamiana for biotechnological application
BMC Biotechnol.
11
30
2011
Nicotiana benthamiana
brenda
Li, J.; Zhao, P.J.; Ma, C.L.; Zeng, Y.
A chitosan induced 9-lipoxygenase in Adelostemma gracillimum seedlings
Int. J. Mol. Sci.
13
540-551
2012
Cynanchum gracillimum (Q4FCM5), Cynanchum gracillimum
brenda
Nam, K.H.; Yoshihara, T.
Interactions among LOX metabolites regulate temperature-mediated flower bud formation in morning glory (Pharbitis nil)
J. Plant Physiol.
169
1815-1820
2012
Ipomoea nil, Ipomoea nil Choisy
brenda
Hamberg, M.; Olsson, U.
Efficient and specific conversion of 9-lipoxygenase hydroperoxides in the beetroot. Formation of pinellic acid
Lipids
46
873-878
2011
Beta vulgaris
brenda
Vicente, J.; Cascon, T.; Vicedo, B.; Garcia-Agustin, P.; Hamberg, M.; Castresana, C.
Role of 9-lipoxygenase and alpha-dioxygenase oxylipin pathways as modulators of local and systemic defense
Mol. Plant
5
914-928
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Zheng, Y.; Brash, A.R.
Dioxygenase activity of epidermal lipoxygenase-3 unveiled: typical and atypical features of its catalytic activity with natural and synthetic polyunsaturated fatty acids
J. Biol. Chem.
285
39866-39875
2010
Homo sapiens
brenda
Roychowdhury, M.; Li, X.; Qi, H.; Li, W.; Sun, J.; Huang, C.; Wu, D.
Functional characterization of 9-/13-LOXs in rice and silencing their expressions to improve grain qualities
BioMed Res. Int.
2016
4275904
2016
Oryza sativa (P29250), Oryza sativa, Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q76I22)
brenda
Schiller, D.; Contreras, C.; Vogt, J.; Dunemann, F.; Defilippi, B.G.; Beaudry, R.; Schwab, W.
A dual positional specific lipoxygenase functions in the generation of flavor compounds during climacteric ripening of apple
Hortic. Res.
2
15003-15015
2015
Malus domestica (S4UL39), Malus domestica
brenda
Rameshwari, R.; Madhu, S.; Prasad, V.; Chapadgaonkar, S.
Computational analysis of tuberization protein linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 3 from Solanum tuberosum
Int. J. ChemTech Res.
8
294-310
2015
Solanum tuberosum (Q43189)
-
brenda
Zhou, G.; Ren, N.; Qi, J.; Lu, J.; Xiang, C.; Ju, H.; Cheng, J.; Lou, Y.
The 9-lipoxygenase Osr9-LOX1 interacts with the 13-lipoxygenase-mediated pathway to regulate resistance to chewing and piercing-sucking herbivores in rice
Physiol. Plant.
152
59-69
2014
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q76I22)
brenda
Saeed, A.; Khan, S.U.; Mahesar, P.A.; Channar, P.A.; Shabir, G.; Iqbal, J.
Substituted (E)-2-(2-benzylidenehydrazinyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylates as dual inhibitors of 15-lipoxygenase & carbonic anhydrase II synthesis, biochemical evaluation and docking studies
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
482
176-181
2017
Glycine max (P09186)
brenda
Kim, S.E.; Lee, J.; An, J.U.; Kim, T.H.; Oh, C.W.; Ko, Y.J.; Krishnan, M.; Choi, J.; Yoon, D.Y.; Kim, Y.; Oh, D.K.
Regioselectivity of an arachidonate 9S-lipoxygenase from Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida that biosynthesizes 9S,15S- and 11S,17S-dihydroxy fatty acids from C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids
1867
159091
2022
Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida
brenda
Zerangnasrabad, S.; Jabbari, A.; Khavari Moghadam, E.; Sadeghian, H.; Seyedi, S.M.
Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship study of O-prenylated 3-acetylcoumarins as potent inhibitors of soybean 15-lipoxygenase
Drug Dev. Res.
82
826-834
2021
Glycine max (P09186)
brenda
ElBordiny, H.S.; El-Miligy, M.M.; Kassab, S.E.; Daabees, H.; Mohamed Ali, W.A.; Abdelhamid Mohamed El-Hawash, S.
Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies of new 3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol/isoxazol-5-yl)-2-phenyl-1H-indole derivatives as potent antioxidants and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors
Eur. J. Med. Chem.
145
594-605
2018
Glycine max (P09186)
brenda
Upadhyay, R.K.; Handa, A.K.; Mattoo, A.K.
Transcript abundance patterns of 9- and 13-lipoxygenase subfamily gene members in response to abiotic stresses (heat, cold, drought or salt) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) highlights member-specific dynamics relevant to each stress
Genes (Basel)
10
683
2019
Solanum lycopersicum
brenda
Meng, K.; Hou, Y.; Han, Y.; Ban, Q.; He, Y.; Suo, J.; Rao, J.
Exploring the functions of 9-lipoxygenase (DkLOX3) in ultrastructural changes and hormonal stress response during persimmon fruit storage
Int. J. Mol. Sci.
18
589
2017
Diospyros kaki
brenda
Wang, J.; Hu, T.; Wang, W.; Hu, H.; Wei, Q.; Wei, X.; Bao, C.
Bioinformatics analysis of the lipoxygenase gene family in radish (Raphanus sativus) and functional characterization in response to abiotic and biotic stresses
Int. J. Mol. Sci.
20
6095
2019
Raphanus sativus
brenda
An, J.U.; Lee, I.G.; Ko, Y.J.; Oh, D.K.
Microbial synthesis of linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase derived plant C18 oxylipins from C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids
J. Agric. Food Chem.
67
3209-3219
2019
Myxococcus xanthus, Myxococcus xanthus DK1622
brenda
Battilani, P.; Lanubile, A.; Scala, V.; Reverberi, M.; Gregori, R.; Falavigna, C.; Dallasta, C.; Park, Y.S.; Bennett, J.; Borrego, E.J.; Kolomiets, M.V.
Oxylipins from both pathogen and host antagonize jasmonic acid-mediated defence via the 9-lipoxygenase pathway in Fusarium verticillioides infection of maize
Mol. Plant Pathol.
19
2162-2176
2018
Zea mays
brenda
Deshpande, A.B.; Chidley, H.G.; Oak, P.S.; Pujari, K.H.; Giri, A.P.; Gupta, V.S.
Isolation and characterization of 9-lipoxygenase and epoxide hydrolase 2 genes Insight into lactone biosynthesis in mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.)
Phytochemistry
138
65-75
2017
Mangifera indica
brenda
Tolley, J.; Nagashima, Y.; Gorman, Z.; Kolomiets, M.; Koiwa, H.
Isoform-specific subcellular localization of Zea mays lipoxygenases and oxo-phytodienoate reductase 2
Plant Gene
13
36-41
2018
Zea mays
-
brenda
Woldemariam, M.; Ahern, K.; Jander, G.; Tzin, V.
A role for 9-lipoxygenases in maize defense against insect herbivory
Plant Signal. Behav.
13
e1422462
2018
Zea mays
brenda