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Information on EC 1.2.1.24 - succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)
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1.2.1.24 succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)IUBMB Comments
This enzyme participates in the degradation of glutamate and 4-aminobutyrate. It is similar to EC 1.2.1.79 [succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+)], and EC 1.2.1.16 [succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)], but is specific for NAD+.
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Word Map
- 1.2.1.24
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aldhs
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gamma-hydroxybutyric
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ssadhd
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4-hydroxybutyric
- propionaldehyde
- trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
- aldh4a1
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akr7a2
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ssadh-deficient
- medicine
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
aldh5a1, aldh5a, aldehyde dehydrogenase 5a1, nad(+)-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, alphakgsa dehydrogenase, ssaldh, sso1629, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
aldehyde dehydrogenase 5a1
ALDH5A1
dehydrogenase, succinate semialdehyde
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NAD(+)-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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SSADH
succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase
succinate semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
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succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
succinyl semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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SSADH
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succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+
compulsory ordered mechanism where NAD+ binds first followed by succinate semialdehyde
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succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+
compulsory-order mechanism, NAD+ is the first substrate to bind to the enzyme and NADH is the last product to dissociate from it
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succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+
sequential ordered Bi-Bi reaction mechanism
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+
sequential ordered Bi-Bi reaction mechanism
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succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
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redox reaction
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reduction
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
KEGG
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
succinate-semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
This enzyme participates in the degradation of glutamate and 4-aminobutyrate. It is similar to EC 1.2.1.79 [succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+)], and EC 1.2.1.16 [succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)], but is specific for NAD+.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9028-95-9
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2,5-dioxopentanoate + NAD+ + H2O
?
no activity in presence of NADP+
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?
2-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
2-carboxybenzoate + NADH + H+
about 1% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
2-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
2-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+
about 1% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
2-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
2-nitrobenzoate + NADH + H+
about 3% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
2-phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
2-phenylbenzoate + NADH + H+
about 5% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
2-tolualdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
2-carboxytoluene + NADH + H+
about 1% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-aminopropanal + NAD+ + H2O
3-aminopropanoate + NADH + H+
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low activity
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?
4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal + NAD+
?
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elevated levels of 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal are implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative disorders. Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase is the predominant oxidizing enzyme for 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal but only contributes a portion of the total oxidizing activity in liver mitochondria
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?
alpha-ketoglutaric semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
alpha-ketoglutarate + NADH
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?
alpha-ketoglutaric semialdehyde + NADP+ + H2O
alpha-ketoglutarate + NADPH
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?
betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
2-trimethylammonioacetate + NADH
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?
glyoxylic acid + NAD+ + H2O
2-phenylbenzoate + NADH + H+
about 1% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
iso-butanal + NAD+ + H2O
? + NADH + H+
less than 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
iso-butanal + NAD+ + H2O
isobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
less than 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
iso-pentanal + NAD+ + H2O
? + NADH + H+
about 2% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
iso-pentanal + NAD+ + H2O
isopentanoate + NADH + H+
-
less than 5% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
m-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
m-carboxybenzoate + NADH + H+
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?
m-methylcarboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
m-methylcarboxybenzoate + NADH + H+
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?
m-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
m-nitrobenzoate + NADH
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4.3% of the activity with succinate semialdehyde
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?
malonate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
malonate + NADH + 2 H+
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3.8% of the activity with succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-butanal + NAD+ + H2O
butanoic acid + NADH + 2 H+
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about 11% of the rate with succinic semialdehyde
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?
succinate semialdehyde + 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide + H2O
succinate + reduced 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide + H+
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r
3-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O
3-carboxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+
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?
3-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O
3-carboxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+
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?
3-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-carboxybenzoate + NADH + H+
about 20% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-carboxybenzoate + NADH + H+
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about 35% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+
about 1% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+
about 2% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+
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about 3% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-methoxy-benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-methoxy-benzoate + NADH + H+
about 5% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-methoxy-benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-methoxy-benzoate + NADH + H+
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about 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-methylbenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-methylbenzoate + NADH + H+
about 3% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-methylbenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-methylbenzoate + NADH + H+
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about 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-nitrobenzoate + NADH + H+
about 20% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
3-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
3-nitrobenzoate + NADH + H+
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about 15% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
4-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O
4-carboxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+
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?
4-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O
4-carboxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+
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?
4-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-carboxybenzoate + NADH + H+
about 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
4-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-carboxybenzoate + NADH + H+
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about 65% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal + NAD+ + H2O
4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenoate + NADH + H+
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?
4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal + NAD+ + H2O
4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenoate + NADH + H+
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?
4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal + NAD+ + H2O
4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenoate + NADH + H+
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?
4-methoxy-benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-methoxy-benzoate + NADH + H+
about 1% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
4-methoxy-benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-methoxy-benzoate + NADH + H+
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about 5% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
4-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-nitrobenzoate + NADH + H+
about 15% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
4-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
4-nitrobenzoate + NADH + H+
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about 30% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
acetate + NADH + H+
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2.3% of the activity with succinate semialdehyde
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?
acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
acetate + NADH + H+
about 5% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
acetate + NADH + H+
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about 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
benzoate + NADH + H+
about 5% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
benzoate + NADH + H+
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about 30% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
glutaric semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
glutarate + NADH
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13% of the activity with succinate semialdehyde
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?
glutaric semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
glutarate + NADH
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25% of the activity with succinate semialdehyde
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?
methyl 3-formylbenzoate + NAD+ + H2O
3-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoate + NADH + H+
about 20% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
methyl 3-formylbenzoate + NAD+ + H2O
3-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoate + NADH + H+
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about 45% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
methyl 4-formylbenzoate + NAD+ + H2O
4-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoate + NADH + H+
about 15% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
methyl 4-formylbenzoate + NAD+ + H2O
4-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoate + NADH + H+
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about 30% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-butanal + NAD+ + H2O
butanoate + NADH + H+
about 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-butanal + NAD+ + H2O
butanoate + NADH + H+
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less than 60% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-hexanal + NAD+ + H2O
hexanoate + NADH + H+
less than 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-hexanal + NAD+ + H2O
hexanoate + NADH + H+
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about 110% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-octanal + NAD+ + H2O
n-octanoate + NADH + H+
less than 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-octanal + NAD+ + H2O
n-octanoate + NADH + H+
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less than 80% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-pentanal + NAD+ + H2O
n-pentanoate + NADH + H+
less than 20% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
n-pentanal + NAD+ + H2O
n-pentanoate + NADH + H+
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100% activity
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?
p-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
p-nitrobenzoate + NADH
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6.5% of the activity with succinate semialdehyde
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?
propanal + NAD+ + H2O
propanoate + NADH + H+
less than 10% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
propanal + NAD+ + H2O
propanoate + NADH + H+
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less than 20% activity compared to succinate semialdehyde
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?
propionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
propionate + NADH
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5% of the activity with succinate semialdehyde
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O
succinate + NAD(P)H + H+
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O
succinate + NAD(P)H + H+
cysteine 311 and glutamic acid 277 are likely candidates for the active site residues directly involved in catalysis
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O
succinate + NAD(P)H + H+
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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enzyme is induced by growth on gamma-aminobutyrate
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
last enzyme in catabolism of 4-aminobutyric acid. Human SSADH deficiency results in 4-hydroxybutyric aciduria, an autosomal recessive disorder due to an accumulation of 4-aminobutyric acid and 4-hydroxybutyric acid in the CNS
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ir
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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enzyme of agmatine degradation
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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enzyme is induced by growth on gamma-aminobutyrate
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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enzyme is induced by succinate semialdehyde, functions in the oxidation of succinate semialdehyde during growth on both 4-hydroxyphenylacetate and 4-aminobutyrate
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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enzyme is induced by succinate semialdehyde, functions in the oxidation of succinate semialdehyde during growth on both 4-hydroxyphenylacetate and 4-aminobutyrate
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
-
enzyme may play an important role, not only in metabolizing succinate semialdehyde but also in oxidation of aromatic aldehydes in the soil environment
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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induced by pyridine, the enzyme is involved in the degradation of pyridine
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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reverse reaction proceeds at 1/1230 of the rate of the forward eaction
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ir
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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enzyme is involved in the catabolism of the neurotransmitter 4-aminobutyrate
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH
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ir
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + 2 H+
the enzyme is specific for the substrates
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + 2 H+
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + 2 H+
the enzyme is specific for the substrates
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + 2 H+
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + 2 H+
-
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + 2 H+
no activity in presence of NADP+
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + H+
-
enzyme of the gamma-aminobutyrate shunt required to restrict levels of reactive oxygen intermediates in plants
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + H+
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + H+
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?
succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O
succinate + NADH + H+