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4-Nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl-Gly-(S-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole)-Cys-Gly + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-Nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl-Gly-Phe-Gly + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
Acetyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Acetyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Ala-Ala + Ala-Ala
Ala-Ala-Ala-Lys-Phe + H2O
Ala-Ala-Ala + Lys-Phe
-
-
-
?
Ala-Ala-Phe-Ala + H2O
Ala-Ala + Phe-Ala
-
-
-
-
?
Ala-Gly-Phe-Ala + H2O
Ala-Gly + Phe-Ala
-
-
-
-
?
angiotensin I + H2O
DRVYIHPF + His-Leu
i.e. DRVYIHPFHL, hydrolysis at the F-H bond generating angiotensin II
-
-
?
Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
bradykinin + H2O
RPPGF + Ser-Pro + Phe-Arg
i.e. RPPGFSPFR, hydrolysis at at sequential cleavage sites releasing the C-terminal dipeptides F-R and S-P
-
-
?
Dinitrophenyl-poly-(Pro-Gly-Pro) + H2O
Gly-Pro + ?
Gly-Ala-Phe-Ala + H2O
Gly-Ala + Phe-Ala
-
-
-
-
?
Gly-Gly-Phe-Ala + H2O
Gly-Gly + Phe-Ala
-
-
-
?
Hippuric acid-His-Leu + H2O
Hippuric acid + His-Leu
-
-
-
?
human angiotensin I + H2O
?
Lys-Ala-Ala-Lys-Ala-Ala + H2O
Lys-Ala + Ala-Lys-Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys + H2O
Lys-Lys + Lys-Lys
o-aminobenzoyl-FRAK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH + H2O
o-aminobenzoyl-FR + AK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH
an ACE substrate, Dcp hydrolyzes at the R-A bond
-
-
?
o-aminobenzoyl-FRK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)P-OH + H2O
o-aminobenzoyl-FR + K(2,4-dinitrophenyl)P-OH
an ACE substrate, Dcp hydrolyzes at the R-K bond
-
-
?
o-aminobenzoyl-LFK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH + H2O
o-aminobenzoyl-L + FK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH
an ACE substrate, Dcp hydrolyzes at the L-F bond
-
-
?
tert-butyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
tert-butyloxycarbonyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
-
?
tert-Butyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Glu-Ala-Ala + H2O
tert-Butyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Glu + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Acetyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Acetyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Acetyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Acetyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Acetyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Acetyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Acetyl-Ala3 + H2O
?
-
the enzyme is required for the utilization of acetyl-Ala3 as a sole nitrogen source
-
-
?
Acetyl-Ala3 + H2O
?
-
the enzyme is required for the utilization of acetyl-Ala3 as a sole nitrogen source
-
-
?
Acetyl-Ala3 + H2O
?
-
the enzyme is required for the utilization of acetyl-Ala3 as a sole nitrogen source
-
-
?
Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Ala-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Ala-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Ala-Ala + H2O
Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala + Ala-Ala
-
-
-
?
Dinitrophenyl-poly-(Pro-Gly-Pro) + H2O
Gly-Pro + ?
-
-
-
?
Dinitrophenyl-poly-(Pro-Gly-Pro) + H2O
Gly-Pro + ?
-
-
-
?
human angiotensin I + H2O
?
specific cleavage by enzyme K-26-DCP
-
-
?
human angiotensin I + H2O
?
specific cleavage by enzyme K-26-DCP
-
-
?
Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys + H2O
Lys-Lys + Lys-Lys
-
-
-
?
Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys + H2O
Lys-Lys + Lys-Lys
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the penultimate peptide bond of alpha-N-blocked tripeptides, free tetrapeptides and higher peptides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme requires a free C terminus, and it cannot hydrolyze bonds in which the peptide nitrogen is donated by proline or in which both amino acids are Gly
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
may have an important function in degradation of intracellular proteins
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
EcDcp removes dipeptides from the free C-termini of peptides, N-blocked tripeptides and unprotected tetrapeptides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
EcDcp removes dipeptides from the free C-termini of peptides, N-blocked tripeptides and unprotected tetrapeptides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with Ac-SDKP-OH, o-aminobenzoyl-FRAK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-NH2, o-aminobenzoyl-SDK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)P-OH and o-aminobenzoyl-APK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with Ac-SDKP-OH, o-aminobenzoyl-FRAK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-NH2, o-aminobenzoyl-SDK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)P-OH and o-aminobenzoyl-APK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the penultimate peptide bond of alpha-N-blocked tripeptides, free tetrapeptides and higher peptides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme requires a free C terminus, and it cannot hydrolyze bonds in which the peptide nitrogen is donated by proline or in which both amino acids are Gly
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
may have an important function in degradation of intracellular proteins
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase plays a role in parasite nutrition
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase plays a role in parasite nutrition
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme requires a free C terminus, and it cannot hydrolyze bonds in which the peptide nitrogen is donated by proline or in which both amino acids are Gly
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
may have an important function in degradation of intracellular proteins
-
-
?
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Alzheimer Disease
Angiotensin converting enzyme in Alzheimer's disease increased activity in caudate nucleus and cortical areas.
Alzheimer Disease
Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase 1 (DCP1) and butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) gene interactions with the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele as risk factors in Alzheimer's disease and in Parkinson's disease with coexisting Alzheimer pathology.
Angioedema
Lichenoid eruption produced by captopril.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
Evidence for the presence of dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase and its inhibitors in inflammatory synovial fluids.
Astrocytoma
Hydrolysis of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides by the human astrocytoma clone D384 and the neuroblastoma line SH-SY5Y.
Bronchitis, Chronic
Kininase II in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of patients with pulmonary disorders.
Carcinoma
Characterization and immunohistologic demonstration of angiotensin-converting enzyme in human renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma
[Serum angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with primary liver carcinoma]
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic
Alterations of serum carboxypeptidases N and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme in malignant diseases.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell
Characterization and immunohistologic demonstration of angiotensin-converting enzyme in human renal cell carcinoma.
Cardiovascular Diseases
Structural basis of Ac-SDKP hydrolysis by Angiotensin-I converting enzyme.
Coronary Disease
Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is strongly associated with coronary heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Coronary Stenosis
Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is strongly associated with coronary heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
Modulation of cutaneous inflammation by angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Dermatitis, Contact
Modulation of cutaneous inflammation by angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Diabetes Insipidus
Selective increase of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in discrete extrahypothalamic areas of Brattleboro rats.
Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic
Selective increase of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in discrete extrahypothalamic areas of Brattleboro rats.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is strongly associated with coronary heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Glioblastoma
Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 inhibition and growth of human glioblastoma cells.
Glioma
Processing of angiotensin peptides by NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cell line.
Glomerulonephritis
Increased urinary excretion of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with renal diseases.
Gout
Evidence for the presence of dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase and its inhibitors in inflammatory synovial fluids.
Granuloma
Immunofluorescent localization of angiotensin converting enzyme in epithelioid and giant cells of sarcoidosis granulomas.
Granuloma
Markedly elevated angiotensin converting enzyme in lymph nodes containing non-necrotizing granulomas in sarcoidosis.
Heart Failure
Effects of alatriopril, a mixed inhibitor of atriopeptidase and angiotensin I-converting enzyme, on cardiac hypertrophy and hormonal responses in rats with myocardial infarction. Comparison with captopril.
Heart Failure
Optimized determination of angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity with hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine as substrate.
Hypertension
A fermented milk high in bioactive peptides has a blood pressure-lowering effect in hypertensive subjects.
Hypertension
Activity Prediction and Molecular Mechanism of Bovine Blood Derived Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides.
Hypertension
Chromosome 17q23: a locus for cardiovascular disease.
Hypertension
Identification of novel dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from meat proteins using in silico analysis.
Hypertension
Inhibition effect of nicotinamide (vitamin B3) and reduced glutathione (GSH) peptide on angiotensin-converting enzyme activity purified from sheep kidney.
Hypertension
Optimization of Nutrient Composition for Producing ACE Inhibitory Peptides from Goat Milk Fermented by Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB6.
Hypertension
Optimized determination of angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity with hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine as substrate.
Hypertension
Purification and characterization of a novel angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysate of grass carp protein.
Hypertension
The application of the Plackett-Burman design in investigating ACE inhibitory peptide-producing conditions and media for Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB6.
Hypertension
[Changes in dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase activity during hypertension and its complications]
Hypertension
[Peptide inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system. 2. Polymer-bound tri-, penta- and nonapeptide inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme]
Hypertension, Renovascular
Reversal of renovascular hypertension by antibodies specific for angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Lung Diseases
Kininase II in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of patients with pulmonary disorders.
Lung Neoplasms
Kininase II in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of patients with pulmonary disorders.
Metabolic Syndrome
Identification of novel dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from meat proteins using in silico analysis.
Myocardial Infarction
Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is strongly associated with coronary heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Neoplasms
Angiontensin-converting enzyme activity in dunning rat prostate tumor.
Neoplasms
Hip-Arg-Phe-, Hip-Phe-Arg- and Hip-His-Leu-cleaving dipeptidyl carboxypeptidases in human adrenal tumors.
Nephrotic Syndrome
Increased urinary excretion of angiotensin converting enzyme in patients with renal diseases.
Nervous System Diseases
Angiotensin I converting enzyme in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurological diseases.
Neuroblastoma
Hydrolysis of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides by the human astrocytoma clone D384 and the neuroblastoma line SH-SY5Y.
Neuroblastoma
Processing of angiotensin peptides by NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cell line.
Neuroblastoma
Renin, angiotensins, and angiotensin-converting enzyme in neuroblastoma cells: evidence for intracellular formation of angiotensins.
Oral Ulcer
Lichenoid eruption produced by captopril.
Parkinson Disease
Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase 1 (DCP1) and butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) gene interactions with the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele as risk factors in Alzheimer's disease and in Parkinson's disease with coexisting Alzheimer pathology.
Pemphigus
Lichenoid eruption produced by captopril.
Pityriasis
Lichenoid eruption produced by captopril.
Renal Insufficiency
Study on pharmacokinetics of a new biliary excreted oral angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, temocapril (CS-622) in humans.
Sarcoidosis
Characterization of a spectrophotometric assay for angiotensin converting enzyme.
Sarcoidosis
Immunofluorescent localization of angiotensin converting enzyme in epithelioid and giant cells of sarcoidosis granulomas.
Sarcoidosis
Kininase II in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of patients with pulmonary disorders.
Sarcoidosis
Markedly elevated angiotensin converting enzyme in lymph nodes containing non-necrotizing granulomas in sarcoidosis.
Sarcoidosis
Optimized determination of angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity with hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine as substrate.
Sarcoidosis
Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity as an indicator of prognosis in sarcoidosis.
Silicosis
Increased activity of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in progressive silicosis.
Starvation
Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase-deficient mutants of Salmonella typhimurium.
Urticaria
Lichenoid eruption produced by captopril.
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evolution
the peptidyl-dipeptidase K-26-DCP (K-26-DCP) of Astrosporangium hypotensionis is a zinc dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (DCP) and an ancestral homologue of human angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE). Enzyme K-26-DCP belongs to the M3 family of metalloproteases, that belong to the gluzincin class of enzymes (MEROPS database), which present a single catalytic zinc ion coordinated by the conserved HEXGH-binding motif. K-26-DCP shares some topological likeness with enzymes from the M2 family
evolution
-
the peptidyl-dipeptidase K-26-DCP (K-26-DCP) of Astrosporangium hypotensionis is a zinc dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (DCP) and an ancestral homologue of human angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE). Enzyme K-26-DCP belongs to the M3 family of metalloproteases, that belong to the gluzincin class of enzymes (MEROPS database), which present a single catalytic zinc ion coordinated by the conserved HEXGH-binding motif. K-26-DCP shares some topological likeness with enzymes from the M2 family
-
metabolism
Astrosporangium hypotensionis has an unusual metabolism and is capable of producing complex peptide secondary metabolites. One of such peptides, K-26, presents a terminal phosphonic acid analogue of tyrosine, (R)-1-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethylphosphonic acid ((R)-AHEP), and acts as good inhibitor of human angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE), while K-26 is a poor inhibitor of bacterial DCP, including K-26-DCP produced by the same organism
metabolism
-
Astrosporangium hypotensionis has an unusual metabolism and is capable of producing complex peptide secondary metabolites. One of such peptides, K-26, presents a terminal phosphonic acid analogue of tyrosine, (R)-1-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethylphosphonic acid ((R)-AHEP), and acts as good inhibitor of human angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE), while K-26 is a poor inhibitor of bacterial DCP, including K-26-DCP produced by the same organism
-
additional information
the catalytic site is supported by subdomain I and is composed of the classical HEXXH Zn2+ coordination motif, made up by His 463, Glu 464, His 467, and completed by Glu 492. It resides at the centre of the protein deep within the central channel
additional information
-
the catalytic site is supported by subdomain I and is composed of the classical HEXXH Zn2+ coordination motif, made up by His 463, Glu 464, His 467, and completed by Glu 492. It resides at the centre of the protein deep within the central channel
additional information
-
the catalytic site is supported by subdomain I and is composed of the classical HEXXH Zn2+ coordination motif, made up by His 463, Glu 464, His 467, and completed by Glu 492. It resides at the centre of the protein deep within the central channel
-
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Conlin, C.A.; Miller, C.G.
Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase and oligopeptidase A from Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium
Methods Enzymol.
248
567-579
1995
Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
brenda
Henrich, B.; Becker, S.; Schroeder, U.; Plapp, R.
Dcp gene of Escherichia coli: cloning, sequencing, transcript mapping, and characterization of the gene product
J. Bacteriol.
175
7290-7300
1993
Escherichia coli
brenda
Yaron, A.
Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase from Escherichia coli
Methods Enzymol.
45
599-610
1976
Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli B / ATCC 11303
brenda
Hamilton, S.; Miller, C.G.
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the Salmonella typhimurium dcp gene encoding dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase
J. Bacteriol.
174
1626-1630
1992
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
brenda
Comellas-Bigler, M.; Lang, R.; Bode, W.; Maskos, K.
Crystal structure of the E. coli dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase Dcp: further indication of a ligand-dependent hinge movement mechanism
J. Mol. Biol.
349
99-112
2005
Escherichia coli (P24171), Escherichia coli
brenda
Goyal, N.; Duncan, R.; Selvapandiyan, A.; Debrabant, A.; Baig Mirza, S.; Nakhasi Hira, L.
Cloning and characterization of angiotensin converting enzyme related dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase from Leishmania donovani
Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.
145
147-157
2006
Leishmania donovani (Q4KXL2), Leishmania donovani
brenda
Cunha, C.E.; Magliarelli, H.d.e..F.; Paschoalin, T.; Nchinda, A.T.; Lima, J.C.; Juliano, M.A.; Paiva, P.B.; Sturrock, E.D.; Travassos, L.R.; Carmona, A.K.
Catalytic properties of recombinant dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase from Escherichia coli: a comparative study with angiotensin I-converting enzyme
Biol. Chem.
390
931-940
2009
Escherichia coli (P24171), Escherichia coli
brenda
Masuyer, G.; Cozier, G.E.; Kramer, G.J.; Bachmann, B.O.; Acharya, K.R.
Crystal structure of a peptidyl-dipeptidase K-26-DCP from Actinomycete in complex with its natural inhibitor
FEBS J.
283
4357-4369
2016
Astrosporangium hypotensionis (A0A1L1QK30), Astrosporangium hypotensionis, Astrosporangium hypotensionis K-26 (A0A1L1QK30)
brenda