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Literature summary for 1.1.1.26 extracted from
- The enzymic reduction of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate in leaves of higher plants (1992), Plant Physiol., 100, 552-556.
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | mutant lacking cytosolic hydroxypyruvate-metabolizing activity (HPR-1) | Hordeum vulgare |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acetohydroxamate | inhibits only the cytosolic enzyme type with preference for glyoxylate as substrate | Pisum sativum |  |
| Acetohydroxamate | inhibits only the cytosolic enzyme type with preference for glyoxylate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea | |
| oxalate | inhibits only the cytosolic enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Pisum sativum | |
| oxalate | inhibits only the cytosolic enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea | |
| Tartronate | inhibits only the cytosolic enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Pisum sativum | |
| Tartronate | inhibits only the cytosolic enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.07 | 0.11 | glyoxylate | NADPH, cytosolic enzyme | Spinacia oleracea | |
| 0.07 | 0.12 | Hydroxypyruvate | NADH, peroxisomal enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate and NADH as substrates | Spinacia oleracea | |
| 0.8 | - |
Hydroxypyruvate | NADPH, cytosolic enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate and NADPH as substrates | Spinacia oleracea | |
| 1.1 | - |
glyoxylate | NADPH, cytosolic enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea | |
| 10 | 25 | glyoxylate | NADH, peroxisomal enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate and NADH as substrates | Spinacia oleracea | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chloroplast | utilizes NADH and NADPH equally | Spinacia oleracea | 9507 | - |
| chloroplast | utilizes NADH and NADPH equally | Pisum sativum | 9507 | - |
| cytosol | - |
Hordeum vulgare | 5829 | - |
| cytosol | NADP+/NADPH preferring type | Spinacia oleracea | 5829 | - |
| cytosol | NADP+/NADPH preferring type | Pisum sativum | 5829 | - |
| peroxisome | - |
Hordeum vulgare | 5777 | - |
| peroxisome | NAD+/NADH preferring type | Spinacia oleracea | 5777 | - |
| peroxisome | NAD+/NADH preferring type | Pisum sativum | 5777 | - |
| peroxisome | NAD+/NADH preferring type | Petroselinum crispum | 5777 | - |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33000 | - |
4 * 33000, cytosolic enzyme | Spinacia oleracea |
| 38000 | - |
2 * 38000, cytosolic enzyme with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea |
| 70000 | - |
cytosolic enzyme with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea |
| 90000 | - |
peroxisomal enzyme with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea |
| 125000 | - |
cytosolic enzyme | Spinacia oleracea |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| glycolate + NAD+ | Spinacia oleracea | - |
glyoxylate + NADH | - |
r | |
| glycolate + NAD+ | Pisum sativum | - |
glyoxylate + NADH | - |
r | |
| glyoxylate + NADH | Spinacia oleracea | - |
glycolate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| glyoxylate + NADH | Pisum sativum | - |
glycolate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | Pisum sativum | - |
D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | Spinacia oleracea | located exclusively in the peroxisomes, prefers NAD+/NADH | D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | Petroselinum crispum | located exclusively in the peroxisomes, prefers NAD+/NADH | D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hordeum vulgare | - |
barley | - |
| Nicotiana tabacum | - |
tobacco | - |
| Petroselinum crispum | - |
parsley | - |
| Pisum sativum | - |
- |
- |
| Spinacia oleracea | - |
spinach | - |
| Zea mays | - |
maize | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
- |
Spinacia oleracea |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| leaf | - |
Spinacia oleracea | - |
| leaf | - |
Pisum sativum | - |
| leaf | - |
Zea mays | - |
| leaf | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | - |
| leaf | mutant without cytosolic hydroxypyruvate-metabolizing activity | Hordeum vulgare | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.05 | 0.23 | NADPH, cytosolic enzyme with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea |
| 0.3 | 1.5 | NADH, peroxisomal enzyme type with preference for hydroxypyruvate and NADH as substrates | Spinacia oleracea |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| glycolate + NAD+ | - |
Spinacia oleracea | glyoxylate + NADH | - |
r | |
| glycolate + NAD+ | - |
Pisum sativum | glyoxylate + NADH | - |
r | |
| glyoxylate + NADH | - |
Spinacia oleracea | glycolate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| glyoxylate + NADH | - |
Pisum sativum | glycolate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| glyoxylate + NADH | equilibrium is very far in direction of glycolate formation | Spinacia oleracea | glycolate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| glyoxylate + NADH | equilibrium is very far in direction of glycolate formation | Pisum sativum | glycolate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| glyoxylate + NADH | equilibrium is very far in direction of glycolate formation | Nicotiana tabacum | glycolate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | - |
Spinacia oleracea | D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | - |
Pisum sativum | D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | - |
Petroselinum crispum | D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | located exclusively in the peroxisomes, prefers NAD+/NADH | Spinacia oleracea | D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
| hydroxypyruvate + NADH | located exclusively in the peroxisomes, prefers NAD+/NADH | Petroselinum crispum | D-glycerate + NAD+ | - |
r | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | 2 * 38000, cytosolic enzyme with preference for hydroxypyruvate as substrate | Spinacia oleracea |
| tetramer | 4 * 33000, cytosolic enzyme | Spinacia oleracea |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.8 | 7.4 | the optimal pH for hydroxypyruvate reduction is more acidic than that for glyoxylate reduction | Spinacia oleracea |
| 5.8 | 7.4 | the optimal pH for hydroxypyruvate reduction is more acidic than that for glyoxylate reduction | Pisum sativum |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NAD+ | - |
Pisum sativum | |
| NAD+ | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | |
| NAD+ | enzyme of peroxisomes and chloroplasts prefer NAD+, enzymes of the cytosol prefer NADP+ | Spinacia oleracea | |
| NADH | - |
Pisum sativum | |
| NADH | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | |
| NADH | enzyme of peroxisomes and chloroplasts prefer NADH, enzymes of the cytosol prefer NADPH | Spinacia oleracea | |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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