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Literature summary for 1.14.15.24 extracted from
- In vitro characterization of astaxanthin biosynthetic enzymes (1997), J. Biol. Chem., 272, 6128-6135.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | in the case of CrtZ, about a 6fold elevation of activity is experienced when the dioxygenase mixture (Fe2+, 2-oxoglutarate, ascorbic acid, and catalase) is used | Pantoea ananatis | |
| additional information | in the case of CrtZ, about a 6fold elevation of activity is experienced when the dioxygenase mixture (Fe2+, 2-oxoglutarate, ascorbic acid, and catalase) is used, the addition of the dinucleotides NAD+, NADP+ and flavins FAD, FMN (at a concentration of 1 mM) to the incubations individually and in combination has no stimulatory effect | Agrobacterium aurantiacum | |
| additional information | in the case of CrtZ, about a 6fold elevation of activity is experienced when the dioxygenase mixture (Fe2+, 2-oxoglutarate, ascorbic acid, and catalase) is used. The addition of the dinucleotides NAD+, NADP+ and flavins FAD, FMN (at a concentration of 1 mM) to the incubations individually and in combination has no stimulatory effect | Alcaligenes sp. | |
| additional information | the addition of the dinucleotides NAD+, NADP+ and flavins FAD, FMN (at a concentration of 1 mM) to the incubations individually and in combination has no stimulatory effect | Pantoea ananatis |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| expressed in Escherichia coli JM101 cells | Alcaligenes sp. |
| expressed in Escherichia coli JM101 cells | Pantoea ananatis |
| expressed in Escherichia coli JM101 cells | Agrobacterium aurantiacum |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fe2+ | all incubations containing Fe2+ possess an activity higher than the control value, indicating that Fe2+ is the most influential effector | Alcaligenes sp. |  |
| Fe2+ | all incubations containing Fe2+ possess an activity higher than the control value, indicating that Fe2+ is the most influential effector | Pantoea ananatis | |
| Fe2+ | all incubations containing Fe2+ possess an activity higher than the control value, indicating that Fe2+ is the most influential effector | Agrobacterium aurantiacum | |
| additional information | the addition of Mg2+ and Mn2+ to the incubations individually and in combination has no stimulatory effect | Alcaligenes sp. | |
| additional information | the addition of Mg2+ and Mn2+ to the incubations individually and in combination has no stimulatory effect | Pantoea ananatis | |
| additional information | the addition of Mg2+ and Mn2+ to the incubations individually and in combination has no stimulatory effect | Agrobacterium aurantiacum |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agrobacterium aurantiacum | - |
- |
- |
| Alcaligenes sp. | - |
- |
- |
| Pantoea ananatis | - |
- |
- |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 57000 | - |
using beta-carotene as substrate, at 30°C, in dark, aerobic conditions, for 3 h, pH not specified in the publication | Alcaligenes sp. |
| 100000 | - |
using canthaxanthin as substrate, in 0.4 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, at 30°C, in dark, aerobic conditions, for 3 h, pH not specified in the publication | Pantoea ananatis |
| 150000 | - |
using beta-carotene as substrate, at 30°C, in dark, aerobic conditions, for 3 h, pH not specified in the publication | Agrobacterium aurantiacum |
| 467000 | - |
using canthaxanthin as substrate, at 30°C, in dark, aerobic conditions, for 3 h, pH not specified in the publication | Alcaligenes sp. |
| 617000 | - |
using beta-carotene as substrate, in 0.4 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, at 30°C, in dark, aerobic conditions, for 3 h, pH not specified in the publication | Pantoea ananatis |
| 1000000 | - |
using canthaxanthin as substrate, at 30°C, in dark, aerobic conditions, for 3 h, pH not specified in the publication | Agrobacterium aurantiacum |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| adonirubin + reduced acceptor + H+ + O2 | - |
Alcaligenes sp. | astaxanthin + acceptor + H2O | - |
? | |
| adonirubin + reduced acceptor + H+ + O2 | - |
Pantoea ananatis | astaxanthin + acceptor + H2O | - |
? | |
| adonirubin + reduced acceptor + H+ + O2 | - |
Agrobacterium aurantiacum | astaxanthin + acceptor + H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-carotene + 4 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + 2 O2 | overall reaction, the enzymes possess greater ability to convert beta-carotene to zeaxanthin than canthaxanthin to astaxanthin | Pantoea ananatis | zeaxanthin + 4 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-carotene + 4 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + 2 O2 | overall reaction, the enzymes possess smaller ability to convert beta-carotene to zeaxanthin than canthaxanthin to astaxanthin | Agrobacterium aurantiacum | zeaxanthin + 4 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-carotene + NADPH + H+ + O2 | overall reaction, the enzymes possess smaller ability to convert beta-carotene to zeaxanthin than canthaxanthin to astaxanthin | Alcaligenes sp. | zeaxanthin + NADP+ + H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-carotene + reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Alcaligenes sp. | beta-cryptoxanthin + oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-carotene + reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Pantoea ananatis | beta-cryptoxanthin + oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-carotene + reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Agrobacterium aurantiacum | beta-cryptoxanthin + oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-cryptoxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Alcaligenes sp. | zeaxanthin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-cryptoxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Pantoea ananatis | zeaxanthin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| beta-cryptoxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Agrobacterium aurantiacum | zeaxanthin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| canthaxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Alcaligenes sp. | adonirubin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| canthaxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Pantoea ananatis | adonirubin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| canthaxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 | - |
Agrobacterium aurantiacum | adonirubin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O | - |
? | |
| canthaxanthin + 4 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + 2 O2 | overall reaction, the enzymes possess greater ability to convert canthaxanthin to astaxanthin than beta-carotene to zeaxanthin | Alcaligenes sp. | astaxanthin + 4 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
| canthaxanthin + 4 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + 2 O2 | overall reaction, the enzymes possess greater ability to convert canthaxanthin to astaxanthin than beta-carotene to zeaxanthin | Agrobacterium aurantiacum | astaxanthin + 4 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
| canthaxanthin + 4 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + 2 O2 | overall reaction, the enzymes possess smaller ability to convert canthaxanthin to astaxanthin than beta-carotene to zeaxanthin | Pantoea ananatis | astaxanthin + 4 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| carotenoid 3,(3')-beta-ionone ring hydroxylase | - |
Alcaligenes sp. |
| carotenoid 3,(3')-beta-ionone ring hydroxylase | - |
Pantoea ananatis |
| carotenoid 3,(3')-beta-ionone ring hydroxylase | - |
Agrobacterium aurantiacum |
| CrtZ | - |
Alcaligenes sp. |
| CrtZ | - |
Pantoea ananatis |
| CrtZ | - |
Agrobacterium aurantiacum |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| FAD | - |
Alcaligenes sp. | |
| FAD | - |
Pantoea ananatis | |
| FAD | - |
Agrobacterium aurantiacum | |
| additional information | NADPH (1 mM) yields 2.5fold elevation in activity | Alcaligenes sp. | |
| additional information | NADPH (1 mM) yields 2.5fold elevation in activity | Pantoea ananatis | |
| additional information | the monooxygenase cofactors consist of FAD, NADPH, and ATP. This cofactor combination increases the activity of CrtZ about 1.5fold compared to the control | Alcaligenes sp. | |
| additional information | the monooxygenase cofactors consist of FAD, NADPH, and ATP. This cofactor combination increases the activity of CrtZ about 1.5fold compared to the control | Pantoea ananatis | |
| additional information | the monooxygenase cofactors consist of FAD, NADPH, and ATP. This cofactor combination increases the activity of CrtZ about 1.5fold compared to the control | Agrobacterium aurantiacum | |
| NADPH | NADPH (1 mM) yields 2.5fold elevation in activity | Agrobacterium aurantiacum | |
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