Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
1,4-dithiothreitol | complete inhibition at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
ascorbic acid | completely inhibited by 10 mM ascorbic acid | Beta vulgaris | |
beta-mercaptoethanol | complete inhibition at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Ca2+ | 65% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
cetyl trimethylammonium bromide | 46% residual activity at 0.2% (v/v) | Beta vulgaris | |
Citric acid | 65% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Co2+ | 75% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Cu2+ | 50% residual activity at 1 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
cysteine | complete inhibition at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
EDTA | 81% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Mg2+ | 65% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Mn2+ | 75% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Sodium azide | 83% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate | complete inhibition at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Sodium metabisulfite | complete inhibition at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
sodium sulfite | complete inhibition at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Thiourea | complete inhibition at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Tween 20 | 84% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Zn2+ | 77% residual activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
K+ | 127% activity at 1 mM | Beta vulgaris | |
Na+ | 114% activity at 10 mM | Beta vulgaris |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
41000 | - |
SDS-PAGE | Beta vulgaris |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Beta vulgaris | - |
red Swiss chard, subspecies Beta vulgaris cicla | - |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sepharose column chromatography and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration | Beta vulgaris |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
leaf | - |
Beta vulgaris | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 catechol + O2 | 86% relative activity compared to L-DOPA | Beta vulgaris | 2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
2,3-dimethylphenol + O2 | 11% relative activity compared to L-DOPA | Beta vulgaris | ? | - |
? | |
4-methoxyphenol + O2 | 40% relative activity compared to L-DOPA, weak monophenolase activity | Beta vulgaris | ? | - |
? | |
chlorogenic acid + O2 | 80% relative activity compared to L-DOPA | Beta vulgaris | ? | - |
? | |
gallic acid + O2 | 73% relative activity compared to L-DOPA | Beta vulgaris | ? | - |
? | |
L-Dopa + O2 | 100% activity | Beta vulgaris | L-dopaquinone + H2O | - |
? | |
L-tyrosine + O2 | 2% relative activity compared to L-DOPA, weak monophenolase activity | Beta vulgaris | L-DOPA + H2O | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
monomer | 1 * 41000, SDS-PAGE | Beta vulgaris |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
polyphenol oxidase | - |
Beta vulgaris |
PPO | - |
Beta vulgaris |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
45 | - |
- |
Beta vulgaris |
Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
30 | 70 | about 55% of maximal activity at 30°C and at 70°C | Beta vulgaris |
Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
10 | 70 | the activity of recombinant PPO gradually increases with temperature ranging from 10 to 45°C, but followed by a decrease at higher temperatures, the residual soluble PPO activity remains above 60% after 40 min at 30, 40 and 50°C and then decreases significantly when temperature reaches at 60°C, with only 55% activity in just 10 min. When the temperature is raised to 80°C, the enzyme retains less than 18% of its original activity after 20 min and even less after prolonged incubation. | Beta vulgaris |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7.5 | - |
- |
Beta vulgaris |
pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
6.5 | 10 | pH 6.5: about 60% of maximal activity, pH 10.0: about 10% of maximal activity | Beta vulgaris |
pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
3 | 10 | stable between pH 4.0 and 10.0 retaining more than 80% of its activity in the pH range of 5.0-9.0, PPO is rapidly inactivated by the pH below 5.0, the activity of recombinant PPO gradually increases with pH value in the range of 5-7, the activity decreases rapidly below and above pH 7.5, more than 70% of the optimal activity is kept between pH 7.5 and 10.0, after incubating at pH 11.0 for 1 h the recombinant PPO still retains 74% of its activity whereas at pH 3.0 it is left with only 39.4% | Beta vulgaris |