Literature summary for 1.15.1.1 extracted from

Wang, W.; Xia, M.X.; Chen, J.; Yuan, R.; Deng, F.N.; Shen, F.F.
Gene expression characteristics and regulation mechanisms of superoxide dismutase and its physiological roles in plants under stress (2016), Biochemistry (Moscow), 81, 465-480 .

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene RsrSOD, recombinant expression under the control of the CaMV35S promoter, in Brassica oleracea var. italica via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Both gene expression and enzyme activity of SOD increase significantly in transgenic lines when challenged with Hyaloperonospora parasitica, the causal agent of downy mildew. Three lines exhibit high resistance against downy mildew, with disease symptoms restricted completely	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
two splicing variants of PthipI-SODC1, presence of two transcripts of PthipI-SODC1, hipI-SODC1b and hipI-SODC1s. hipI-SODC1b is 69 bp longer than hipI-SODC1s due to an alternative splicing event involving an alternative donor splice site in the sixth intron. Transcript analysis	Populus trichocarpa

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

gene RsrSOD, recombinant expression under the control of the CaMV35S promoter, in Brassica oleracea var. italica via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Both gene expression and enzyme activity of SOD increase significantly in transgenic lines when challenged with Hyaloperonospora parasitica, the causal agent of downy mildew. Three lines exhibit high resistance against downy mildew, with disease symptoms restricted completely

Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides

two splicing variants of PthipI-SODC1, presence of two transcripts of PthipI-SODC1, hipI-SODC1b and hipI-SODC1s. hipI-SODC1b is 69 bp longer than hipI-SODC1s due to an alternative splicing event involving an alternative donor splice site in the sixth intron. Transcript analysis

Populus trichocarpa

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
chloroplast	-	Glycine max	9507	-
chloroplast	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	9507	-
chloroplast	-	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418	9507	-
chloroplast	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	9507	-
cytosol	-	Zea mays	5829	-
cytosol	-	Rattus norvegicus	5829	-
cytosol	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	5829	-
cytosol	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	5829	-
mitochondrion	-	Zea mays	5739	-
mitochondrion	-	Rattus norvegicus	5739	-
mitochondrion	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	5739	-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism
Cu2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Zea mays
Cu2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Rattus norvegicus
Cu2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Arabidopsis thaliana
Cu2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
Fe2+	Fe-SOD	Glycine max
Fe2+	Fe-SOD	Arabidopsis thaliana
Fe2+	Fe-SOD	Pseudomonas putida
Fe2+	Fe-SOD	Rhodobacter capsulatus
Fe2+	Fe-SOD	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418
Fe2+	Fe-SOD	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
Mn2+	a Mn-SOD	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
Mn2+	Mn-SOD	Zea mays
Mn2+	Mn-SOD	Pleurotus ostreatus
Mn2+	Mn-SOD	Rattus norvegicus
Mn2+	Mn-SOD	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
Zn2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Zea mays
Zn2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Rattus norvegicus
Zn2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Arabidopsis thaliana
Zn2+	Cu/Zn-SOD	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Zea mays	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Nicotiana tabacum	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Glycine max	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Arabidopsis thaliana	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Pleurotus ostreatus	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Populus trichocarpa	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Nicotiana benthamiana	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Rattus norvegicus	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Pseudomonas putida	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Rhodobacter capsulatus	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	Gypsophila oblanceolata	-	O2 + H2O2	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana	-	-	-
Arabidopsis thaliana	O78310	-	-
Arabidopsis thaliana	P24704	-	-
Glycine max	-	-	-
Gypsophila oblanceolata	-	-	-
Nicotiana benthamiana	-	-	-
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	P11796	-	-
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	P22302	-	-
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	P27082	-	-
Nicotiana tabacum	-	-	-
Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418	Q8YSZ1	-	-
Pleurotus ostreatus	-	-	-
Populus trichocarpa	-	-	-
Pseudomonas putida	P09223	-	-
Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides	-	-	-
Rattus norvegicus	P07632	-	-
Rattus norvegicus	P07895	-	-
Rhodobacter capsulatus	O30970	-	-
Zea mays	-	-	-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification	Comment	Organism
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Zea mays
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Nicotiana tabacum
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Glycine max
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Arabidopsis thaliana
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Pleurotus ostreatus
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Nicotiana benthamiana
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Rattus norvegicus
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Pseudomonas putida
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Rhodobacter capsulatus
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
additional information	posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Gypsophila oblanceolata

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
fruit body	-	Pleurotus ostreatus	-
leaf	during the early stretching of soybean leaves, removing cytokines or growth factors can induce Fe-SOD mRNA accumulation. In contrast, Fe-SOD mRNA accumulation is normal during any other stage by removing cytokines or growth factors. Fe-SOD expression is related to whether the development stage is leaf expansion or not	Glycine max	-
additional information	during different developmental stages of Pleurotus ostreatus, the highest expression levels of the Mn-SOD gene appears in the stage of mature fruit bodies, followed by young fruit bodies and vegetative mycelia. The expression of the Mn-SOD gene is developmentally regulated	Pleurotus ostreatus	-
additional information	gene sodB gene, encoding Fe-SOD, is expressed highly in logarithmic phase cells but is downregulated in stationaryphase cells, except when the medium is amended with FeCl3 suggesting that downregulation of Pseudomonas putida sodB in stationary phase cells is due to Fe2+ depletion in this phase of growth. Removal of Fe2+ by adding a Fe-chelator decreases the sodB transcript level, even in logarithmicphase cells	Pseudomonas putida	-
additional information	the Fe-SOD gene is expressed at low levels in Rhodobacter capsulatus cells grown under anaerobic or semiaerobic conditions, but expression is strongly induced upon exposure of the bacteria to air	Rhodobacter capsulatus	-
mycelium	-	Pleurotus ostreatus	-
vascular tissue	the splice variant hipI-SODC1b is differentially expressed, being clearly expressed in cambial and xylem, but not phloem, regions	Populus trichocarpa	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Zea mays	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Nicotiana tabacum	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Glycine max	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Pleurotus ostreatus	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Populus trichocarpa	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Nicotiana benthamiana	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Rattus norvegicus	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Pseudomonas putida	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Rhodobacter capsulatus	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides	O2 + H2O2	-	?
2 superoxide + 2 H+	-	Gypsophila oblanceolata	O2 + H2O2	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
alr2938	locus name	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418
CSD1	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
CSD2	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
Cu/Zn-SOD	-	Zea mays
Cu/Zn-SOD	-	Rattus norvegicus
Cu/Zn-SOD	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
Cu/Zn-SOD	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
Fe-SOD	-	Glycine max
Fe-SOD	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
Fe-SOD	-	Pseudomonas putida
Fe-SOD	-	Rhodobacter capsulatus
Fe-SOD	-	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418
Fe-SOD	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
high isoelectric point superoxide dismutase	-	Populus trichocarpa
Mn-SOD	-	Zea mays
Mn-SOD	-	Pleurotus ostreatus
Mn-SOD	-	Rattus norvegicus
Mn-SOD	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
Mn-SOD	-	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
PthipI-SODC	-	Populus trichocarpa
PthipI-SODC1	-	Populus trichocarpa
PthipI-SODC2	-	Populus trichocarpa
RsrSOD	-	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
sdB	-	Pseudomonas putida
sdB	-	Rhodobacter capsulatus
SOD	-	Zea mays
SOD	-	Nicotiana tabacum
SOD	-	Glycine max
SOD	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
SOD	-	Pleurotus ostreatus
SOD	-	Nicotiana benthamiana
SOD	-	Rattus norvegicus
SOD	-	Pseudomonas putida
SOD	-	Rhodobacter capsulatus
SOD	-	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418
SOD	-	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
SOD	-	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
SOD	-	Gypsophila oblanceolata
SodB	-	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418

Expression

Organism	Comment	Expression
Pseudomonas putida	gene sodB gene, encoding Fe-SOD, is expressed highly in logarithmic phase cells but is downregulated in stationaryphase cells, except when the medium is amended with FeCl3 suggesting that downregulation of Pseudomonas putida sodB in stationary phase cells is due to Fe2+ depletion in this phase of growth. Removal of Fe2+ by adding a Fe-chelator decreases the sodB transcript level, even in logarithmicphase cells	down
Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418	induced overproduction of the CyAbrB transcription factor CalA (cyanobacterial AbrBlike, Alr0946) in the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 downregulates the abundance of Fe-SOD, one of two types of SODs in strain PCC 7120. Purified recombinant CalA interacts with the promoter region of alr2938, encoding Fe-SOD, indicating a transcriptional regulation of Fe-SOD by CalA	down
Gypsophila oblanceolata	salinity (50 mM NaCl) causes a decrease in activities of SOD during germination. After stress the activity increases in recovered plants. During vegetative growth, the activity of SOD is strongly enhanced and responsible for salt tolerance	down
Arabidopsis thaliana	the Arabidopsis thaliana Fe-SOD gene promoter containing the GTACT motif is repressed by Cu2+. Molecular mechanisms of GTACT motif-dependent transcriptional suppression by Cu2+ are conserved in land plants	down
Zea mays	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Nicotiana tabacum	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Arabidopsis thaliana	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Pleurotus ostreatus	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Populus trichocarpa	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Rattus norvegicus	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Pseudomonas putida	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Rhodobacter capsulatus	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides	effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Zea mays	Fe-SODs and Cu/Zn-SODs are constitutively expressed. Effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Glycine max	Fe-SODs and Cu/Zn-SODs are constitutively expressed. Effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	Fe-SODs and Cu/Zn-SODs are constitutively expressed. Effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Arabidopsis thaliana	microRNA miR398, conserved in several plant species, targets two of the three Cu/Zn-SODs of Arabidopsis thaliana (CSD1 and CSD2) by triggering cleavage or inhibiting translation of their mRNAs	additional information
Nicotiana benthamiana	other transcription factors such as NAC, GRAS, MYB, and C3H are also involved in the regulation of SOD genes. Effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Arabidopsis thaliana	regulation of the expression of miR398, overview. Effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on SOD expression, overview	additional information
Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides	both gene expression and enzyme activity of recombinant SOD expressed in Brassica oleracea var. italica increase significantly in transgenic lines when challenged with Hyaloperonospora parasitica, the causal agent of downy mildew	up
Nicotiana benthamiana	constitutive overexpression of group IId WRKY gene GhWRKY39-1 in Nicotiana benthamiana confers a greater resistance to infection by both the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum and the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. The transgenic plants also exhibit elevated mRNA levels of several pathogenrelated (PR) genes, including PR1c, PR2, and PR4. Moreover, the transgenic plants display enhanced tolerance to salt and oxidative stress and show elevated expression of several oxidationrelated genes encoding SOD, APX, CAT, and glutathioneS-transferase	up
Pleurotus ostreatus	expressions of Mn-SOD and Ni-SOD genes are highly induced	up
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia	expressions of Mn-SOD and Ni-SOD genes are highly induced	up
Zea mays	expressions of Mn-SOD and Ni-SOD genes are highly induced. The expression of the SOD genes from plants is influenced by plant growth stage and growth regulating substances. The effects of the hormone abscisic acid and osmotic stress can induce expression of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD genes in maize	up
Arabidopsis thaliana	overexpression of yeast transcription factor ACE1 in Arabidopsis thaliana increases the activities of Cu/Zn-SOD, indicating that ACE1 plays an important role in the regulation of SOD gene expression. The Cu/ZnSOD gene is remarkably activated by ginsenoside Rb2 through transcription factor AP2 binding sites and its induction	up
Gypsophila oblanceolata	salinity (50 mM NaCl) causes a decrease in activities of SOD during germination. After stress the activity increases in recovered plants. During vegetative growth, the activity of SOD is strongly enhanced and responsible for salt tolerance	up
Rhodobacter capsulatus	the FeSOD gene is expressed at low levels in Rhodobacter capsulatus cells grown under anaerobic or semiaerobic conditions, but expression is strongly induced upon exposure of the bacteria to air	up
Nicotiana tabacum	transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants that overexpress a group IIe WRKY gene designated as BdWRKY36 from Brachypodium distachyon show higher SOD, POX, and CAT activity than the wild-type under drought stress. This implies that ROSscavenging systems might be more effective in transgenic than in wild-type plants. Overexpression of the BdWRKY36 gene may function in activation of the antioxidant defense system, which results in transgenic plants suffering less ROS-mediated injury under drought stress	up

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Zea mays
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Nicotiana tabacum
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Glycine max
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Arabidopsis thaliana
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Pleurotus ostreatus
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Populus trichocarpa
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Nicotiana benthamiana
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Rattus norvegicus
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Pseudomonas putida
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Rhodobacter capsulatus
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
additional information	distribution, subcellular location, and physicochemical properties of the Mn-, Fe-, Cu/Zn-, and Ni-SODs, and molecular mechanism of regulation of SOD gene expression, overview	Gypsophila oblanceolata
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen	Pseudomonas putida
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen	Rhodobacter capsulatus
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. During the early stretching of soybean leaves, removing cytokines or growth factors can induce Fe-SOD mRNA accumulation in contrast, Fe-SOD mRNA accumulation is normal during any other stage by removing cytokines or growth factors. Fe-SOD expression is related to whether the development stage is leaf expansion or not	Glycine max
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated	Nicotiana tabacum
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated	Populus trichocarpa
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated	Nicotiana benthamiana
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated	Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 = FACHB-418
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated	Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated	Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated	Gypsophila oblanceolata
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated. Chloroplastic Fe-SOD responds to increased oxy-radical formation in chloroplasts	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated. Cytosolic Cu/Zn-SOD responds to increased oxy-radical formation in the cytosol	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated. Mitochondrial Mn-SOD responds to increased oxy-radical formation in mitochondria. Posttranscriptional regulation of SODs, overview	Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The effect of a particular stress on SOD gene expression is likely governed by the subcellular sites at which oxidative stress is generated. Molecular mechanisms of GTACT motif-dependent transcriptional suppression by Cu2+ are conserved in land plants	Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The expression of the Mn-SOD gene is developmentally regulated	Zea mays
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses, regulation mechanisms and functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses, overview. The expression of the Mn-SOD gene is developmentally regulated	Pleurotus ostreatus
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. The expression of the SOD genes from animals is related to hormone levels and cytokines in the body. A study suggested that removal of estradiol by ovariectomy decreases the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD in the intra-abdominal tissue of female rats compared with rats treated with ovariectomy but with added estradiol. In addition, a variety of cytokines such as growth factor, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin regulate response to oxidative stress via regulation of SOD expression	Rattus norvegicus
physiological function	superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. The expression of the SOD genes from animals is related to hormone levels and cytokines in the body. A study suggested that removal of estradiol by ovariectomy decreases the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD in the intra-abdominal tissue of female rats compared with rats treated with ovariectomy but with added estradiol. In addition, a variety of cytokines such as growthfactor, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin regulate response to oxidative stress via regulation of SOD expression	Rattus norvegicus