Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | induces isozyme type I | vertebrata | |
atrial natriuretic protein | induces isozyme type II via cGMP | vertebrata | |
beta-adrenergic agonists | stimulates isozyme type II | vertebrata | |
C-type natriuretic protein | induces isozyme type II via cGMP | vertebrata | |
cAMP | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
cAMP | induces isozyme type I in thyroid gland only, induces isozyme type II | vertebrata | |
Epidermal growth factor | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
fibroblast growth factor | induces isozymes type II, and I | vertebrata | |
additional information | expression and function of the deiodinase isozymes are sensitive to thyroid hormone status, various cytokines and growth factors, severe illness, reactive oxygen species, a variety of hormones and signaling compounds, circadian rythm, and pharmacological agents | Homo sapiens | |
Nicotine | stimulates isozyme type II | vertebrata | |
Phorbol esters | induce isozyme type II via protein kinase C | vertebrata | |
retinoic acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
retinoic acid | stimulates isozyme type I | vertebrata | |
Se2+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
Se2+ | severe selenium deficiency leads to a decrease in activity of isozyme type I in liver, kidney, and several other organs, but not in the thyroid gland, the central nervous system, and several other endrocrine organs | Homo sapiens | |
Se2+ | stimulates isozyme type I, absolutely required, isozymes of the deiodinase enzyme family are selenoproteins | vertebrata | |
testosterone | stimulates isozyme type I in liver | vertebrata | |
thyroid stimulating hormone | induces isozyme type I | vertebrata |
Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
medicine | expression and function of the 5-deiodinase and 5-deiodinase isozymes are sensitive to thyroid hormone status, various cytokines and growth factors, severe illness, reactive oxygen species, a variety of hormones and signaling compounds, circadian rythm, and pharmacological agents, and therefore might be useful in sensor function of physiology and pathophysiology | Homo sapiens |
Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
isozyme type I, mapping on chromosome 1p32-p33, DNA sequence analysis | Homo sapiens |
isozyme type I, mapping on chromosome 4 | Mus musculus |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | - |
Homo sapiens | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | isozyme type II, rapid inactivation in brain | Rattus norvegicus | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | inhibits expression of isozyme type II | vertebrata | |
aurothioglucose | - |
Homo sapiens | |
aurothioglucose | isoyzme type I | vertebrata | |
Ca2+ | inhibits expression of isozyme type I in thyroid gland | vertebrata | |
dexamethasone | inhibits expression of isozyme type I | vertebrata | |
iodoacetate | isozyme type I | vertebrata | |
iopanoic acid | both isozyme type I and type II | Homo sapiens | |
iopanoic acid | both isozyme type I and type II | vertebrata | |
L-thyroxine | isozyme type II | vertebrata | |
additional information | expression and function of the 5-deiodinase and 5-deiodinase isozymes are sensitive to thyroid hormone status, various cytokines and growth factors, severe illness, reactive oxygen species, a variety of hormones and signaling compounds, circadian rythm, and pharmacological agents, and therefore might be useful in sensor function of physiology and pathophysiology | Homo sapiens | |
propylthiouracil | isozyme type I | vertebrata | |
thyroxine | isozyme type II, rapid inactivation in brain | Rattus norvegicus |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
additional information | review on enzyme isoforms type I and II and 5-deiodinase, type III | Homo sapiens | |
additional information | - |
additional information | review on enzyme isoforms type I and II and 5-deiodinase, type III | Rattus norvegicus | |
additional information | - |
additional information | review on enzyme isoforms type I and II and 5-deiodinase, type III | Bos taurus | |
additional information | - |
additional information | review on enzyme isoforms type I and II and 5-deiodinase, type III | vertebrata |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
endoplasmic reticulum | liver, smooth and rough, isozyme type I, at the cytosolic surface | vertebrata | 5783 | - |
endoplasmic reticulum | anterior pituitary gland, isozyme type I | Bos taurus | 5783 | - |
microsome | - |
Mus musculus | - |
- |
microsome | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
microsome | - |
vertebrata | - |
- |
microsome | isozyme type I, liver | Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
mitochondrion | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
vertebrata | 5739 | - |
additional information | membrane association is not essential for maintenance of functional activity | Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
additional information | subcellular localization of the different isozyme types in different tissues, overview | vertebrata | - |
- |
plasma membrane | at the inner leaflet of the basolateral plasma membrane, isozyme type I, kidney | vertebrata | 5886 | - |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
27000 | - |
2 * 27000, isozyme type I | Rattus norvegicus |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | Mus musculus | isozyme type I | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | Homo sapiens | isozyme type I | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | Rattus norvegicus | isozyme type I | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | vertebrata | isozyme type I | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | Rattus norvegicus | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | vertebrata | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | Mus musculus | - |
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | Homo sapiens | - |
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | vertebrata | - |
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | Mus musculus | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | Homo sapiens | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Bos taurus | - |
type I and type II enzyme isoforms | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
type I and type II enzyme isoforms | - |
Mus musculus | - |
type I and type II enzyme isoforms | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
type I and type II enzyme isoforms | - |
vertebrata | - |
type I and type II enzyme isoforms | - |
Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
---|---|---|---|
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + acceptor + H+ = L-thyroxine + reduced acceptor | isozyme type I, reaction mechanism, both 5-deiodinase isoforms and 5-deiodinase contain a selenocysteine residue at the active site | Mus musculus | |
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + acceptor + H+ = L-thyroxine + reduced acceptor | isozyme type I, reaction mechanism, both 5-deiodinase isoforms and 5-deiodinase contain a selenocysteine residue at the active site | Rattus norvegicus | |
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + acceptor + H+ = L-thyroxine + reduced acceptor | isozyme type I, reaction mechanism, both 5-deiodinase isoforms and 5-deiodinase contain a selenocysteine residue at the active site | Bos taurus | |
3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + acceptor + H+ = L-thyroxine + reduced acceptor | isozyme type I, reaction mechanism, both 5-deiodinase isoforms and 5-deiodinase contain a selenocysteine residue at the active site | vertebrata |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
adipocyte | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
adipocyte | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
adipocyte | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
brain | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
brain | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
brown adipose tissue | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
brown adipose tissue | isozyme type II | Rattus norvegicus | - |
brown adipose tissue | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
central nervous system | isozyme type I | Homo sapiens | - |
epithelium | of kidney, isozyme type I | Mus musculus | - |
epithelium | of kidney, isozyme type I | vertebrata | - |
glial cell | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
glial cell | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
harderian gland | isozyme type II vertebrata | Mus musculus | - |
harderian gland | isozyme type II vertebrata | vertebrata | - |
heart | isozyme type I | Mus musculus | - |
heart | isozyme type I | vertebrata | - |
hepatocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
kidney | isozyme type I | Mus musculus | - |
kidney | isozyme type I | Homo sapiens | - |
kidney | isozyme type I | vertebrata | - |
liver | isozyme type I | Mus musculus | - |
liver | isozyme type I | Homo sapiens | - |
liver | isozyme type I | Rattus norvegicus | - |
liver | isozyme type I | vertebrata | - |
additional information | severe selenium deficiency leads to a decrease in activity of isozyme type I in liver, kidney, and several other organs, but not in the thyroid gland, the central nervous system, and several other endrocrine organs | Homo sapiens | - |
pineal gland | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
pineal gland | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
pituitary gland | isozyme type I | Rattus norvegicus | - |
pituitary gland | anterior, isozyme type I | Bos taurus | - |
pituitary gland | anterior, isozyme type II, isozyme type I | Mus musculus | - |
pituitary gland | anterior, isozyme type II, isozyme type I | vertebrata | - |
placenta | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
placenta | isozyme type II | Rattus norvegicus | - |
skin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
skin | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
skin | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
tanycyte | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
tanycyte | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
thymus | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | - |
thymus | isozyme type II | vertebrata | - |
thyroid gland | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
thyroid gland | isozyme type I | Rattus norvegicus | - |
thyroid gland | isozyme types I and II | Mus musculus | - |
thyroid gland | isozyme types I and II | vertebrata | - |
Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
overview on assay methods | Mus musculus |
additional information | - |
overview on assay methods | Rattus norvegicus |
additional information | - |
overview on assay methods | Bos taurus |
additional information | - |
overview on assay methods | vertebrata |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I | Mus musculus | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I | Homo sapiens | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I | Rattus norvegicus | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I | vertebrata | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | - |
? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I: degradation of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | Mus musculus | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I: degradation of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | Rattus norvegicus | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I, degradation of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | Homo sapiens | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I, degradation of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | Bos taurus | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2 | isozyme type I, degradation of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine | vertebrata | 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | Rattus norvegicus | 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | vertebrata | 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | - |
Mus musculus | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | - |
Homo sapiens | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | - |
Bos taurus | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | - |
vertebrata | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | from microsomal enzyme complex, 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine is thyromimetically active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozyme type II | Mus musculus | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozyme type II | Homo sapiens | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozyme type II | Bos taurus | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozyme type II | vertebrata | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozyme type II | Rattus norvegicus | 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally active | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | Mus musculus | 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
L-thyroxine + AH2 | isozymes type II and I, production of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine | Homo sapiens | 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H+ | hormonally inactive | ? | |
additional information | selenium-level of cells influences the enzyme activity | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
dimer | 2 * 27000, isozyme type I | Rattus norvegicus |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
37 | - |
assay at | Rattus norvegicus |
37 | - |
assay at | Bos taurus |
37 | - |
assay at | vertebrata |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
8 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
dithioerythritol | - |
Homo sapiens | |
dithioerythritol | can be substituted by dithiothreitol, isozyme type II, 5-20 mM, isozyme type I, 2-5 mM | Rattus norvegicus | |
dithioerythritol | can be substituted by dithiothreitol, isozyme type II, 5-20 mM, isozyme type I, 2-5 mM | vertebrata | |
dithiothreitol | can be substituted by dithioerythritol, isozyme type II, 5-20 mM, isozyme type I, 2-5 mM | Rattus norvegicus | |
dithiothreitol | can be substituted by dithioerythritol, isozyme type II, 5-20 mM, isozyme type I, 2-5 mM | vertebrata | |
additional information | no activity with glutathione or thioredoxin in vivo, isozyme type I | Rattus norvegicus | |
additional information | no activity with glutathione or thioredoxin in vivo, isozyme type I | vertebrata |