Data extracted from this reference:
Application
food industry
Limonoid glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of bitter limonoid into non-bitter limonoid glucoside while retaining the health benefit of limonoids in the juice. The immobilization of this enzyme in a column can solve the juice bitterness problem
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Inhibitors
1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide
modifies tryptophan residues
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
3-nitro-L-tyrosine ethylester
modifies tryptophan residues
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
citraconic anhydride
modifies lysine residues
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
diethyldicarbonate
modifies histidine residues and inactivates the enzyme, pseudo first order kinetics. When the histidine modification is reversed by hydroxylamine treatment, 79% of the activity is restored
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
additional information
inactivation of the enzyme following modification of carboxyl and imidazole moieties is a consequence of a loss in substrate binding and catalysis in the glucosyltransfer reaction. No inhibition by serine modifiying diisopropyl fluorophosphate and cysteine modifying 4-chloromercuribenzoate and iodoacetamide
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
N-bromosuccinimide
modifies tryptophan residues and inactivates the enzyme, loss of LGTase activity by NBS treatment is partially protected by pre-incubating the enzyme with excess limonin
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
KM Value [mM]
0.065
limonin
pH 7.0-8.4, 25°C
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
UDP-glucose + limonin
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
glucosyl-limonin + UDP
?
Organism
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Reaction
UDP-glucose + limonin = glucosyl-limonin + UDP
catalytic reaction mechanism, overview
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
UDP-glucose + limonin
722071
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
glucosyl-limonin + UDP
?
Synonyms
LGTase
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Temperature Optimum [°C]
25
assay at
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Turnover Number [1/s]
91.7
limonin
pH 7.0-8.4, 25°C
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
pH Optimum
7.8
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
pH Range
additional information
at an acidic pH the D-ring of the substrate that should be in an open form is closed and glycosylation does not occur. The decrease in activity at acidic pH also indicates that an essential residue participates in catalytic functioning while in the unprotonated state
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
5.5
9.5
activity range
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Application (protein specific)
food industry
Limonoid glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of bitter limonoid into non-bitter limonoid glucoside while retaining the health benefit of limonoids in the juice. The immobilization of this enzyme in a column can solve the juice bitterness problem
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Inhibitors (protein specific)
1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide
modifies tryptophan residues
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
3-nitro-L-tyrosine ethylester
modifies tryptophan residues
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
citraconic anhydride
modifies lysine residues
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
diethyldicarbonate
modifies histidine residues and inactivates the enzyme, pseudo first order kinetics. When the histidine modification is reversed by hydroxylamine treatment, 79% of the activity is restored
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
additional information
inactivation of the enzyme following modification of carboxyl and imidazole moieties is a consequence of a loss in substrate binding and catalysis in the glucosyltransfer reaction. No inhibition by serine modifiying diisopropyl fluorophosphate and cysteine modifying 4-chloromercuribenzoate and iodoacetamide
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
N-bromosuccinimide
modifies tryptophan residues and inactivates the enzyme, loss of LGTase activity by NBS treatment is partially protected by pre-incubating the enzyme with excess limonin
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
KM Value [mM] (protein specific)
0.065
limonin
pH 7.0-8.4, 25°C
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates) (protein specific)
UDP-glucose + limonin
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
glucosyl-limonin + UDP
?
Substrates and Products (Substrate) (protein specific)
UDP-glucose + limonin
722071
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
glucosyl-limonin + UDP
?
Temperature Optimum [°C] (protein specific)
25
assay at
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Turnover Number [1/s] (protein specific)
91.7
limonin
pH 7.0-8.4, 25°C
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
pH Optimum (protein specific)
7.8
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
pH Range (protein specific)
additional information
at an acidic pH the D-ring of the substrate that should be in an open form is closed and glycosylation does not occur. The decrease in activity at acidic pH also indicates that an essential residue participates in catalytic functioning while in the unprotonated state
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
5.5
9.5
activity range
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
General Information
additional information
limonoid glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of bitter limonoid into non-bitter limonoid glucoside while retaining the health benefit of limonoids in the juice
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
General Information (protein specific)
additional information
limonoid glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of bitter limonoid into non-bitter limonoid glucoside while retaining the health benefit of limonoids in the juice
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Other publictions for EC 2.4.1.210
736296
Devaiah
Identification, recombinant ex ...
Citrus x paradisi
J. Agric. Food Chem.
64
1957-1969
2016
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722071
Karim
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Possible role of carboxyl and ...
Citrus maxima x Citrus paradisi
Chin. J. Catal.
31
1445-1451
2010
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684923
Zaare-Nahandi
Delay expression of limonoid U ...
Citrus aurantium, Citrus limettioides, Citrus sinensis, Citrus unshiu, Citrus x paradisi
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
371
59-62
2008
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5
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11
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658581
Kita
-
Allelic structures of UDP-gluc ...
Citrus sinensis, Citrus unshiu
Euphytica
132
87-94
2003
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2
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658786
Karim
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Isolation and characterization ...
Citrus maxima, Citrus maxima Osbeck
Food Chem.
76
431-436
2002
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660114
Endo
-
Modification of limonoid metab ...
Citrus sinensis
Plant Biotechnol.
19
397-403
2002
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660341
Karim
-
Preparation and properties of ...
Citrus maxima
Proc. Biochem.
38
809-814
2002
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288691
Kita
Molecular cloning and characte ...
Citrus sinensis, Citrus unshiu
FEBS Lett.
469
173-178
2000
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2
1
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288690
Sim
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Purification of limonoid gluco ...
Citrus aurantium, Citrus limonia, Citrus maxima, Citrus sinensis, Citrus unshiu, Fragaria vesca
Phytochemistry
46
33-37
1997
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