Any feedback?
Literature summary for 2.7.2.4 extracted from
- Microbial aspartokinases (1973), The Enzymes, 3rd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , ed. ), 8, 509-553.
No PubMed abstract available
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NH4+ | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus |  |
| NH4+ | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
General Stability
| General Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| L-lysine, L-threonine or L-methionine protects the enzymic activity against heat inactivation | Rhodocyclus tenuis |
| nonpolar L-amino acids protect from inactivation by heat and detergent and reverse the inhibition caused by feedback inhibitors L-lysine and L-threonine | Paenibacillus polymyxa |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| aspartate-beta-semialdehyde | - |
Bacillus licheniformis | |
| aspartate-beta-semialdehyde | - |
Cereibacter sphaeroides | |
| DL-meso-diaminopimelic acid | aspartokinase I, noncompetitive inhibition | Bacillus subtilis | |
| DL-meso-diaminopimelic acid | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus | |
| L-lysine | - |
Azotobacter sp. | |
| L-lysine | - |
Bacillus cereus | |
| L-lysine | - |
Bacillus licheniformis | |
| L-lysine | - |
Bacillus subtilis | |
| L-lysine | concerted feedback inhibition with L-threonine | [Brevibacterium] flavum | |
| L-lysine | - |
Cereibacter sphaeroides | |
| L-lysine | concerted feedback inhibition with L-threonine | Corynebacterium glutamicum | |
| L-lysine | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| L-lysine | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus | |
| L-lysine | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
| L-lysine | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | |
| L-lysine | concerted feedback inhibition with L-threonine | Pseudomonas fluorescens | |
| L-lysine | - |
Pseudomonas putida | |
| L-lysine | - |
Rhodobacter capsulatus | |
| L-lysine | - |
Rhodocyclus tenuis | |
| L-lysine | - |
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | |
| L-threonine | aspartokinase II, competitive inhibition | Bacillus subtilis | |
| L-threonine | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| L-threonine | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus | |
| L-threonine | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
| L-threonine | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | |
| L-threonine | - |
Pseudomonas fluorescens | |
| L-threonine | - |
Pseudomonas putida | |
| L-threonine | - |
Rhodocyclus tenuis | |
| L-threonine | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.18 | - |
ATP | aspartokinase I | Escherichia coli | |
| 0.9 | - |
L-aspartate | - |
Rhodocyclus tenuis | |
| 1.5 | - |
L-aspartate | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
| 1.5 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase I | Escherichia coli | |
| 1.9 | - |
ATP | aspartokinase II, 27°C | Escherichia coli | |
| 2.1 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase II, 27°C | Escherichia coli | |
| 3 | - |
ATP | - |
Rhodocyclus tenuis | |
| 3 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase I | Bacillus subtilis | |
| 4 | - |
ATP | aspartokinase I | Escherichia coli | |
| 4.7 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase III, 27°C | Escherichia coli | |
| 4.8 | - |
ATP | - |
Pseudomonas putida | |
| 4.8 | - |
L-aspartate | - |
Pseudomonas putida | |
| 4.8 | - |
ATP | aspartokinase III, 27°C | Escherichia coli | |
| 17 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase II | Bacillus subtilis | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fe2+ | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | |
| Fe2+ | - |
Neurospora crassa | |
| Fe2+ | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
| K+ | - |
Bacillus subtilis | |
| K+ | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus | |
| K+ | - |
Pseudomonas fluorescens | |
| K+ | activity enhanced | Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
| Mg2+ | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | |
| Mg2+ | - |
Neurospora crassa | |
| Mg2+ | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | |
| Mn2+ | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | |
| Mn2+ | - |
Neurospora crassa | |
| Mn2+ | - |
Pseudomonas fluorescens | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17000 | - |
2 * 17000 + 2 * 47000, SDS-PAGE | Paenibacillus polymyxa |
| 43000 | - |
4 * 43000, aspartokinase II, equilibrium sedimentation | Escherichia coli |
| 47000 | - |
2 * 17000 + 2 * 47000, SDS-PAGE | Paenibacillus polymyxa |
| 60000 | - |
? * 60000, high-speed sedimentation equilibrium in 6.0 mM guanidinium chloride | Escherichia coli |
| 66000 | - |
4 * 66000, ultracentrifugation | Escherichia coli |
| 80000 | - |
4 * 80000, aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase complex, sedimentation equlibrium performed on guanidinium chloride dissolved complex | Escherichia coli |
| 84000 | - |
4 * 84000, SDS-PAGE | Escherichia coli |
| 88000 | - |
4 * 88000, gel filtration in 6.0 mM guanidinium chloride | Escherichia coli |
| 100000 | - |
gel filtration | Rhodocyclus tenuis |
| 110000 | - |
gel filtration | Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
| 116000 | - |
equilibrium ultracentrifugation | Paenibacillus polymyxa |
| 122000 | - |
2 * 122000, ultracentrifugation in TES or HEPES buffer | Escherichia coli |
| 125000 | - |
aspartokinase II | Bacillus subtilis |
| 126000 | - |
gel filtration | Pseudomonas putida |
| 127000 | - |
aspartokinase III, sedimentation equilibrium | Escherichia coli |
| 169000 | - |
aspartokinase II, equilibrium sedimentation | Escherichia coli |
| 250000 | - |
aspartokinase I | Bacillus subtilis |
| 358000 | - |
light scattering studies | Escherichia coli |
| 360000 | - |
equilibrium sedimentation | Escherichia coli |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP + L-aspartate | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Escherichia coli | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Neurospora crassa | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Pseudomonas fluorescens | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Rhodobacter capsulatus | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Paenibacillus polymyxa | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Rhodospirillum rubrum | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Rhodocyclus tenuis | - |
ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | Bacillus subtilis | physiological role of aspartokinase II is to supply precursors for the amino acid pool | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azotobacter sp. | - |
- |
- |
| Bacillus cereus | - |
- |
- |
| Bacillus licheniformis | - |
- |
- |
| Bacillus subtilis | - |
- |
- |
| Cereibacter sphaeroides | - |
- |
- |
| Corynebacterium glutamicum | - |
- |
- |
| Escherichia coli | - |
K12 | - |
| Geobacillus stearothermophilus | - |
- |
- |
| Neurospora crassa | - |
- |
- |
| no activity in Edwardsiella sp. | - |
- |
- |
| no activity in Providencia sp. | - |
- |
- |
| Paenibacillus polymyxa | - |
- |
- |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - |
- |
- |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens | - |
- |
- |
| Pseudomonas putida | - |
- |
- |
| Rhodobacter capsulatus | - |
- |
- |
| Rhodocyclus tenuis | - |
- |
- |
| Rhodospirillum rubrum | - |
- |
- |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae | - |
yeast | - |
| Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | - |
- |
- |
| [Brevibacterium] flavum | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
- |
Cereibacter sphaeroides |
- |
Paenibacillus polymyxa |
- |
Rhodocyclus tenuis |
| aspartokinase III | Escherichia coli |
| partially | Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
Storage Stability
| Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| -10°C, can be stored over a period of 6 months with a 40% loss of activity, longer storage does not lead to further inactivation | Paenibacillus polymyxa |
| -15°C, aspartokinase II, stable in buffer containing 20% glycerol, remaining 100% active and homogenous for several months | Escherichia coli |
| 25°C, aspartokinase I, stable at room temperature either in presence of 1.0 mM L-threonine or of 0.15 M KCl | Escherichia coli |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Bacillus subtilis | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Escherichia coli | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Neurospora crassa | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Pseudomonas fluorescens | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Pseudomonas putida | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
? | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Rhodobacter capsulatus | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Rhodospirillum rubrum | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | - |
Rhodocyclus tenuis | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | maximum velocity of the reverse reaction is only one-twelfth that of the forward reaction, but has the advantage of using commercial substrates | Escherichia coli | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| ATP + L-aspartate | physiological role of aspartokinase II is to supply precursors for the amino acid pool | Bacillus subtilis | ADP + 4-phospho-L-aspartate | - |
r | |
| additional information | - |
Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | - |
Pseudomonas fluorescens | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | - |
Paenibacillus polymyxa | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | no other natural aminoacids or D-aspartate are substrates of this reaction | Neurospora crassa | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | 2 * 122000, ultracentrifugation in TES or HEPES buffer | Escherichia coli |
| heterodimer | - |
Bacillus subtilis |
| oligomer | ? * 60000, high-speed sedimentation equilibrium in 6.0 mM guanidinium chloride | Escherichia coli |
| tetramer | 4 * 84000, SDS-PAGE | Escherichia coli |
| tetramer | 4 * 80000-120000, sedimentation in sucrose gradient in absence of threonine | Escherichia coli |
| tetramer | 2 * 17000 + 2 * 47000, SDS-PAGE | Paenibacillus polymyxa |
| tetramer | 4 * 43000, aspartokinase II, equilibrium sedimentation | Escherichia coli |
| tetramer | 4 * 80000, aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase complex, sedimentation equlibrium performed on guanidinium chloride dissolved complex | Escherichia coli |
| tetramer | 4 * 88000, gel filtration in 6.0 mM guanidinium chloride | Escherichia coli |
| tetramer | 4 * 66000, ultracentrifugation | Escherichia coli |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 55 | - |
- |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14.2 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase II | Escherichia coli | |
| 39.2 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase III | Escherichia coli | |
| 56.7 | - |
L-aspartate | aspartokinase I | Escherichia coli | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | - |
- |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 9.5 | aspartokinase I, pH range for 50% activity | Bacillus subtilis |
| 6.5 | 8.2 | aspartokinase II, pH range for 50% activity | Bacillus subtilis |
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