Literature summary for 2.7.4.8 extracted from

Nomura, Y.; Izumi, A.; Fukunaga, Y.; Kusumi, K.; Iba, K.; Watanabe, S.; Nakahira, Y.; Weber, A.P.; Nozawa, A.; Tozawa, Y.
Diversity in guanosine 3,5-bisdiphosphate (ppGpp) sensitivity among guanylate kinases of bacteria and plants (2014), J. Biol. Chem., 289, 15631-15641.

Search for more literature for 2.7.4.8

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)	Bacillus subtilis
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)	Escherichia coli
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)	Synechococcus elongatus
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)	Pisum sativum
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)	Arabidopsis thaliana

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	specific inhibition of the organellar isozyme	Arabidopsis thaliana
guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	specific inhibition of the isozyme	Bacillus subtilis
guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	specific inhibition of the organellar isozyme	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	specific inhibition of the organellar isozyme	Pisum sativum
additional information	no inhibition of the cytosolic isozyme by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	Escherichia coli
additional information	no inhibition of the cytosolic isozyme by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
additional information	no inhibition of the cytosolic isozyme by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	Pisum sativum
additional information	no inhibition of the cytosolic isozyme by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
additional information	no inhibition of the cytosolic isozyme by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	Synechococcus elongatus

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
0.073	-	GMP	recombinant chloroplast isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
0.156	-	GMP	recombinant cytosolic isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Escherichia coli
0.165	-	GMP	recombinant isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Bacillus subtilis
0.202	-	GMP	recombinant cytosolic isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
chloroplast	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	9507	-
chloroplast	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	9507	-
chloroplast	-	Pisum sativum	9507	-
cytosol	-	Escherichia coli	5829	-
cytosol	-	Synechococcus elongatus	5829	-
cytosol	-	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	5829	-
cytosol	-	Pisum sativum	5829	-
cytosol	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	5829	-
additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism	Structure
Mg2+	required	Bacillus subtilis
Mg2+	required	Escherichia coli
Mg2+	required	Synechococcus elongatus
Mg2+	required	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Mg2+	required	Pisum sativum
Mg2+	required	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Mg2+	required	Arabidopsis thaliana

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + GMP	Bacillus subtilis	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Escherichia coli	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Synechococcus elongatus	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Pisum sativum	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Arabidopsis thaliana	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Oryza sativa Japonica Group Nipponbare	-	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942	-	ADP + GDP	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana	Q94JM2	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	-	-	-
Escherichia coli	-	-	-
Oryza sativa Japonica Group	Q10M74	-	-
Oryza sativa Japonica Group	Q2QPW1	-	-
Oryza sativa Japonica Group Nipponbare	Q10M74	-	-
Oryza sativa Japonica Group Nipponbare	Q2QPW1	-	-
Pisum sativum	W8VNI6	cv. Toyonari, gene PsGKpm	-
Pisum sativum	W8VZ39	cv. Toyonari, gene PsGKc	-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	P15454	-	-
Synechococcus elongatus	-	-	-
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942	-	-	-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment)	Organism
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography	Bacillus subtilis
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography	Escherichia coli
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography	Synechococcus elongatus
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography	Pisum sativum
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography	Arabidopsis thaliana
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by metal affinity chromatography, native enzyme from chloroplasts by gel filtration	Pisum sativum

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
leaf	-	Pisum sativum	-
leaf	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	-
leaf	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + GMP	-	Bacillus subtilis	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Escherichia coli	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Synechococcus elongatus	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Pisum sativum	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group Nipponbare	ADP + GDP	-	?
ATP + GMP	-	Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942	ADP + GDP	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
GK3	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
GKc	-	Pisum sativum
GKpm	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
GKpm	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
GKpm	-	Pisum sativum
GMK3	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
organellar GK	-	Bacillus subtilis

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
30	-	assay at	Bacillus subtilis
30	-	assay at	Escherichia coli
30	-	assay at	Synechococcus elongatus
30	-	assay at	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
30	-	assay at	Pisum sativum
30	-	assay at	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
30	-	assay at	Arabidopsis thaliana

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s]	Turnover Number Maximum [1/s]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
23	-	GMP	recombinant chloroplast isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
52	-	GMP	recombinant isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Bacillus subtilis
70	-	GMP	recombinant cytosolic isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
209	-	GMP	recombinant cytosolic isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Escherichia coli

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
7.5	-	assay at	Bacillus subtilis
7.5	-	assay at	Escherichia coli
7.5	-	assay at	Synechococcus elongatus
7.5	-	assay at	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
7.5	-	assay at	Pisum sativum
7.5	-	assay at	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
7.5	-	assay at	Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
ATP	-	Bacillus subtilis
ATP	-	Escherichia coli
ATP	-	Synechococcus elongatus
ATP	-	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
ATP	-	Pisum sativum
ATP	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
ATP	-	Arabidopsis thaliana

Ki Value [mM]

Ki Value [mM]	Ki Value maximum [mM]	Inhibitor	Comment	Organism	Structure
0.0028	-	guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate	versus GMP, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group

IC50 Value

IC50 Value	IC50 Value Maximum	Comment	Organism	Inhibitor	Structure
0.01	-	versus GMP, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
metabolism	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, purine biosynthetic pathways in plant cells and bacteria, overview	Bacillus subtilis
metabolism	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, purine biosynthetic pathways in plant cells and bacteria, overview	Synechococcus elongatus
metabolism	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, purine biosynthetic pathways in plant cells and bacteria, overview	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
metabolism	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, purine biosynthetic pathways in plant cells and bacteria, overview	Pisum sativum
metabolism	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, purine biosynthetic pathways in plant cells and bacteria, overview	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
metabolism	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, purine biosynthetic pathways in plant cells and bacteria, overview	Arabidopsis thaliana
metabolism	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, purine biosynthetic pathways in plant cells and bacteria, overview. Accumulation of guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate has little effect on the guanine nucleotide profile of Escherichia coli	Escherichia coli
physiological function	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis that catalyzes the conversion of GMP to GDP, is a target of regulation by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate in chloroplasts. Plants have two distinct types of GK that are localized to organelles (GKpm) or to the cytosol (GKc) and both are essential for growth and development	Pisum sativum
physiological function	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis that catalyzes the conversion of GMP to GDP, is a target of regulation by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate in chloroplasts. Plants have two distinct types of GK that are localized to organelles (GKpm) or to the cytosol (GKc) and both are essential for growth and development. guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate plays a pivotal role in the regulation of GTP biosynthesis in chloroplasts through specific inhibition of GKpm activity, with the regulation of GTP biosynthesis in chloroplasts thus being independent of that in the cytosol	Pisum sativum
physiological function	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis that catalyzes the conversion of GMP to GDP, is a target of regulation by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate in chloroplasts. Plants have two distinct types of GK that are localized to organelles (GKpm) or to the cytosol (GKc) and both are essential for growth and development. guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate plays a pivotal role in the regulation of GTP biosynthesis in chloroplasts through specific inhibition ofGKpmactivity, with the regulation of GTP biosynthesis in chloroplasts thus being independent of that in the cytosol	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
physiological function	guanylate kinase is a key enzyme in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis that catalyzes the conversion of GMP to GDP, is a target of regulation by guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate in chloroplasts. Plants have two distinct types of GK that are localized to organelles (GKpm) or to the cytosol (GKc) and both are essential for growth and development. guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate plays a pivotal role in the regulation of GTP biosynthesis in chloroplasts through specific inhibition ofGKpmactivity, with the regulation of GTP biosynthesis in chloroplasts thus being independent of that in the cytosol	Arabidopsis thaliana

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs^-1]	kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs^-1]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
314	-	GMP	recombinant isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Bacillus subtilis
317	-	GMP	recombinant chloroplast isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
344	-	GMP	recombinant cytosolic isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1347	-	GMP	recombinant cytosolic isozyme, pH 7.5, 30°C	Escherichia coli

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)