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Literature summary for 4.1.1.11 extracted from

  • Dai, F.; Qiao, L.; Cao, C.; Liu, X.; Tong, X.; He, S.; Hu, H.; Zhang, L.; Wu, S.; Tan, D.; Xiang, Z.; Lu, C.
    Aspartate decarboxylase is required for a normal pupa pigmentation pattern in the silkworm, Bombyx mori (2015), Sci. Rep., 5, 10885 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
genetic mapping, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis Bombyx mori

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information construction of a bp mutant strain 16-100 (bp/bp). In the bp mutant, a SINE-like transposon with a length of 493 bp is detected about 2.2 kb upstream of the transcriptional start site of the BmADC gene. This insertion causes a sharp reduction in BmADC transcript levels in bp mutants, leading to deficiency of beta-alanine and N-beta-alanyl dopamine (NBAD), but accumulation of dopamine. The mutant is specifically melanized only at the pupal stage. Following injection of beta-alanine into bp mutants, the color pattern is reverted to that of the wild-type silkworms. Additionally, melanic pupae resulting from knockdown of BmADC in the wild-type strain are obtained by RNAi of BmADC Bombyx mori

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-aspartate Bombyx mori
-
 beta-alanine + CO2
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Bombyx mori H9JRC8 three wild-type strains, Dazao (+ bp/+ bp), C108 (+ bp/+ bp), and N4 (+ bp/+ bp)
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
larva
-
 Bombyx mori
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additional information temporal expression pattern of BmADC from the wandering to moth stages Bombyx mori
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pupa
-
 Bombyx mori
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-aspartate
-
 Bombyx mori beta-alanine + CO2
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
aspartate decarboxylase
-
 Bombyx mori
BmADC
-
 Bombyx mori

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Bombyx mori

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction a mutation in the aspartate decarboxylase gene (BmADC) causes melanized pupae with melanization specifically only at the pupal stage, the bp mutant phenotype. In the bp mutant, a SINE-like transposon insertion causes a sharp reduction in BmADC transcript levels in bp mutants, leading to deficiency of beta-alanine and N-beta-alanyl dopamine (NBAD), but accumulation of dopamine. Enzyme knockout also leads to the melanic pupae. The color pattern is reverted to that of the wild-type silkworms following injection of beta-alanine into bp mutants. Larvaeal bp phenotype, overview. Absence of beta-alanine and excessive accumulation of dopamine in the bp mutant Bombyx mori
metabolism the enzyme is involved in the melanin metabolism pathway and in the melanin metabolism from dopamine to N-beta-alanyl dopamine (NBAD) Bombyx mori
physiological function enzyme BmADC plays a crucial role in melanin metabolism and in the pigmentation pattern of the silkworm pupal stage Bombyx mori