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Literature summary for 4.2.1.76 extracted from
- Identification of an L-rhamnose synthetic pathway in two nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (2010), J. Virol., 84, 8829-8838.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NAD+ | mimivirus UGD requires exogenous NAD+ for activity during purification | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |  |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene R141, transcription profiling of UGD, phylogenetic analysis | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| gene Z544R, UGD transcription profiling, phylogenetic analysis, expression of the two GST-tagged UGD isozymes in Escherichia coli | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| UDP-L-rhamnose | feedback inhibition of UGD, 60% inhibition at 0.1 mM | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus | |
| UDP-L-rhamnose | feedback inhibition of UGD, 50% inhibition at 0.1 mM | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0184 | - |
UDP-D-glucose | purified ATCV-1 UGD, pH 7.5, 25°C | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33000 | - |
x * 33000, UGER, SDS-PAGE | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| 37000 | - |
2 * 37000, UGD, SDS-PAGE | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| 39000 | - |
2 * 39000, UGD, SDS-PAGE | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
| 47000 | - |
UGER, gel filtration | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| 75000 | - |
UGD, gel filtration | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
| 100000 | - |
UGD, gel filtration | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dTDP-D-glucose | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus | - |
dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| dTDP-D-glucose | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | - |
dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| UDP-D-glucose | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | - |
UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| UDP-D-glucose | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus | UGD proteins prefer UDP-D-glucose as a substrate | UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus | - |
gene R141 | - |
| Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | - |
ATCV-1, two UGD isozymes, gene Z544R, propagated in Chlorella strain SAG 3.83 | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant GST-tagged isozymes from Escherichia coli by glutathione affinity chromatography | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0042 | - |
purified UGD, pH 7.5-8.5, 25°C, 0.1 mM NAD+ | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| 0.023 | - |
purified ATCV-1 UGD, pH 7.5, 25°C | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dTDP-D-glucose | - |
Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus | dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| dTDP-D-glucose | - |
Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| dTDP-D-glucose | UGD activity with dTDP-D-glucose is less than 10% of that with UDPD-glucose | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| additional information | product identification by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | product identification by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | ? | - |
? | |
| UDP-D-glucose | - |
Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| UDP-D-glucose | UGD proteins prefer UDP-D-glucose as a substrate | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus | UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
| UDP-D-glucose | UGD proteins prefer UDP-D-glucose as a substrate | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | 2 * 37000, UGD, SDS-PAGE | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| dimer | 2 * 39000, UGD, SDS-PAGE | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
| monomer or dimer | x * 33000, UGER, SDS-PAGE | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| bifunctional UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose epimerase/reductase | - |
Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| UDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratase | - |
Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| UDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratase | - |
Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
| Ugd | - |
Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| Ugd | - |
Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
| UGER | - |
Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | - |
assay at | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| 25 | - |
assay at | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 30 | purified UGD, activity decreases above 20°C, complete inactivation after 30 min | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| 20 | 30 | purified UGD, activity decreases above 20°C, complete inactivation after 30 min | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.5 | - |
- |
Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
| 7.5 | 8.5 | UGD | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NAD+ | tightly bound cofactor | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 | |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | phylogenetic analysis indicates that ATCV-1 has probably acquired its UGD gene via a recent horizontal gene transfer from a green algal host, while an earlier event involving the complete pathway probably occurred between a protozoan ancestor and mimivirus. Chloroviruses, and maybe mimivirus, may encode most, if not all, of the glycosylation machinery involved in the synthesis of specific glycan structures essential for virus replication and infection | Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus |
| evolution | phylogenetic analysis indicates that ATCV-1 has probably acquired its UGD gene via a recent horizontal gene transfer from a green algal host, while an earlier event involving the complete pathway probably occurred between a protozoan ancestor and mimivirus. While ATCV-1 lacks an epimerase/reductase gene, its Chlorella host may encode this enzyme. Chloroviruses, and maybe mimivirus, may encode most, if not all, of the glycosylation machinery involved in the synthesis of specific glycan structures essential for virus replication and infection | Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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