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Literature summary for 4.3.1.24 extracted from

  • Lam, M.; Scaman, C.H.; Clemens, S.; Kermode, A.
    Retention of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in wheat seedlings during storage and in vitro digestion (2008), J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 11407-11412.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 4.3.1.24

Application

Application Comment Organism
medicine the enzyme can be used as oral therapeutic, in an encapsulated form, in phenylketonuria/hyperphenylalaninemia Triticum aestivum

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information development of an encapsulation method and optimzation of enzyme stability, overview Triticum aestivum

General Stability

General Stability Organism
the plant cell walls provide protection of PAL during in vitro digestion Triticum aestivum

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
trans-cinnamic acid product inhibition, PAL is tightly regulated by a feedback mechanism Triticum aestivum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-phenylalanine Triticum aestivum
-
 (E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Triticum aestivum
-
 var. Red Spring
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
leaf
-
 Triticum aestivum
-
root
-
 Triticum aestivum
-
seed
-
 Triticum aestivum
-
seedling
-
 Triticum aestivum
-

Storage Stability

Storage Stability Organism
-20°C, PAL activity in freeze-dried wheat seedling tissues following three months of storage range from 62% in the leaf to 89% in root/residual seed tissues, after a 3 h two-stage in vitro digestion, 36% and 42% recovery of PAL activity is associated with chopped fresh leaf and root/residual seed tissues respectively, no activity is recovered from freeze-dried tissues Triticum aestivum

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-phenylalanine
-
 Triticum aestivum (E)-cinnamate + NH3
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
PAL
-
 Triticum aestivum

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
 assay at Triticum aestivum

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
8.8
-
-
 Triticum aestivum

pH Stability

pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
2.5 9.5 1 h, loss of about 50% activity at pH 2.5, and of 38% at pH 9.5, highly stable at pH 8.8, in absence of L-Phe, but loss of about 50% activity after 30 min in presence of L-Phe Triticum aestivum