Literature summary for 5.1.1.1 extracted from

Kanodia, S.; Agarwal, S.; Singh, P.; Agarwal, S.; Singh, P.; Bhatnagar, R.
Biochemical characterization of alanine racemase -a spore protein produced by Bacillus anthracis (2009), BMB Rep., 42, 47-52.

Search for more literature for 5.1.1.1

Application

Application	Comment	Organism
pharmacology	potential candidate for the development of a recombinant vaccine	Bacillus anthracis

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
expressed as recombinant monomeric protein in Escherichia coli	Bacillus anthracis

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
D48A	no effect on the enzyme activity	Bacillus anthracis
K41A	completely inactive	Bacillus anthracis
Y270A	impaired enzyme activity	Bacillus anthracis

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
hydroxylamine	non-competitive inhibition kinetics	Bacillus anthracis
propionate	propionate influences both Km (affinity for substrate) and Vmax (enzyme catalysis)	Bacillus anthracis

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
3	-	L-alanine	-	Bacillus anthracis

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da]	Molecular Weight Maximum [Da]	Comment	Organism
45000	-	SDS-PAGE	Bacillus anthracis

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
L-alanine	Bacillus anthracis	-	D-alanine	-	r

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Bacillus anthracis	-	-	-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment)	Organism
-	Bacillus anthracis

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
spore	-	Bacillus anthracis	-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg]	Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg]	Comment	Organism
295	-	at 37°C	Bacillus anthracis

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
L-alanine	-	Bacillus anthracis	D-alanine	-	r
L-leucine	activity is 20% compared with L-alanine, other amino acids are not racemized	Bacillus anthracis	D-leucine	-	r

Subunits

Subunits	Comment	Organism
monomer	gel filtration	Bacillus anthracis

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
alanine racemase	-	Bacillus anthracis
ALR	-	Bacillus anthracis

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
37	-	-	Bacillus anthracis

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C]	Temperature Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
25	45	-	Bacillus anthracis

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C]	Temperature Stability Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
25	85	between 60 and 70°C 50% of the enzyme activity is lost, at 85°C 50% of the protein molecules are denatured, the residual activity is 4%	Bacillus anthracis

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s]	Turnover Number Maximum [1/s]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
22	-	L-alanine	-	Bacillus anthracis

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
8.5	-	-	Bacillus anthracis

pH Range

pH Minimum	pH Maximum	Comment	Organism
7.5	9	-	Bacillus anthracis

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate	PLP is inherently bound to the enzyme, removal of PLP inactivates the enzyme, adding PLP restores the activity, addition of 10 microM PLP to native enzyme slightly enhances activity	Bacillus anthracis

Ki Value [mM]

Ki Value [mM]	Ki Value maximum [mM]	Inhibitor	Comment	Organism	Structure
0.16	-	hydroxylamine	-	Bacillus anthracis
30	-	propionate	-	Bacillus anthracis

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
metabolism	plays a role in spore germination and cell wall biosynthesis	Bacillus anthracis

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs^-1]	kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs^-1]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
7.33	-	L-alanine	-	Bacillus anthracis

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)