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Literature summary extracted from

  • Waud, W.R.; Rajagopalan, K.V.
    Purification and properties of the NAD+-dependent (type D) and O2-dependent (type O) forms of rat liver xanthine dehydrogenase (1976), Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 172, 354-364.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 methylene blue 6fold activation of aerobic rate of oxidation of xanthine Rattus sp.
1.17.1.4 NAD+ 6fold stimulation of aerobic rate of oxidation of xanthine Rattus sp.

General Stability

EC Number General Stability Organism
1.17.1.4 treatment accelerating conversion of dehydrogenase type D to oxidase type O is lyophilization, storage at -20°C, exposure to 20% ammonium sulfate, 0.5 mM NAD+ or 0.01 mM xanthine Rattus sp.
1.17.3.2 rat liver enzyme is unstable as dehydrogenase and is gradually converted to oxidase Rattus norvegicus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 Superoxide dismutase complete inhibition of the xanthine-cytochrome c activity for oxidase type O, lesser inhibition for dehydrogenase type D Rattus sp.

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 0.0017
-
xanthine dehydrogenase type D, absence of NAD+ Rattus sp.
1.17.1.4 0.002
-
xanthine oxidase type O, absence of NAD+ Rattus sp.
1.17.1.4 0.0026
-
xanthine cosubstrate NAD+ Rattus sp.
1.17.3.2 0.002
-
xanthine
-
Rattus norvegicus

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 Fe
-
Rattus sp.
1.17.1.4 Iron-sulfur-center
-
Rattus sp.
1.17.1.4 Mo
-
Rattus sp.
1.17.3.2 Iron iron-molybdenum protein Rattus norvegicus
1.17.3.2 Molybdenum an iron-molybdenum protein Rattus norvegicus

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 150000
-
x * 150000, SDS-urea -PAGE Rattus sp.

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + H2O Rattus sp. NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase type D urate + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + O2 + H2O + H+ Rattus sp.
-
urate + NADH + H2O2
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + O2 + H2O Rattus sp.
-
urate + O2- + 2 H+
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.17.1.4 Rattus sp.
-
-
-
1.17.3.2 Rattus norvegicus
-
-
-

Posttranslational Modification

EC Number Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
1.17.3.2 additional information liver enzyme is unstable as dehydrogenase and is gradually converted to oxidase Rattus norvegicus
1.17.3.2 proteolytic modification
-
Rattus norvegicus

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.17.1.4 nearly homogenous, dehydrogenase type D, chromatography steps, oxidase type O purified by nearly the same procedure, but heated to 60°C after homogenization Rattus sp.
1.17.3.2
-
Rattus norvegicus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.17.1.4 liver
-
Rattus sp.
-
1.17.3.2 liver
-
Rattus norvegicus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.4 NADH + electron acceptor + H2O only dehydrogenase type D shows considerable activities, not oxidase type O Rattus sp. NAD+ + reduced electron acceptor
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + cytochrome c + H2O
-
Rattus sp. urate + reduced cytochrome c
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + ferricyanide + H2O low activity for both dehydrogenase type D and oxidase type O Rattus sp. urate + ferrocyanide
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + methylene blue + H2O same activity for dehydrogenase type D and oxidase type O Rattus sp. urate + reduced methylene blue
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + H2O NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase type D Rattus sp. urate + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + O2 + H2O + H+
-
Rattus sp. urate + NADH + H2O2
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + O2 + H2O
-
Rattus sp. urate + O2- + 2 H+
-
?
1.17.3.2 hypoxanthine + 2 H2O + 2 O2
-
Rattus norvegicus urate + 2 H2O2
-
?
1.17.3.2 xanthine + H2O + O2 electron acceptor O2 Rattus norvegicus uric acid + H2O2
-
?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 ? x * 150000, SDS-urea -PAGE Rattus sp.

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 60
-
conversion of dehydrogenase type D to oxidase type O Rattus sp.

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 FAD two FAD per enzyme molecule Rattus sp.
1.17.1.4 additional information molybdoironflavoprotein: ratio of 2 : 1.4 : 7.6 of FAD to molybdenum to Fe-S Rattus sp.
1.17.1.4 NAD+ cannot be replaced by NADP+ Rattus sp.
1.17.3.2 FAD flavoprotein Rattus norvegicus