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Literature summary extracted from
- Two D-2-hydroxy-acid dehydrogenases in Arabidopsis thaliana with catalytic capacities to participate in the last reactions of the methylglyoxal and beta-oxidation pathways (2009), J. Biol. Chem., 284, 25026-25037.
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | into vector pET16 and expressed in Escherichia coli BLR DE3 pLysS | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 1.1.99.39 | expressed in Escherichia coli BLR cells | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Protein Variants
| EC Number | Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | additional information | mRNAs are present in both d2hgdh mutant lines, but not in dldh1-1 and dldh1-2 mutant lines | Arabidopsis thaliana |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.061 | - |
D-2-hydroxybutyrate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |  |
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.164 | - |
D-lactate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.432 | - |
glycolate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 4.486 | - |
L-lactate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 8.871 | - |
D-glycerate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.99.39 | 0.584 | - |
(R)-2-hydroxyglutarate | 25°C, pH 8.75, cofactor oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.99.39 | mitochondrion | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 5739 | - |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | 59000 | - |
2 * 59000, sequence analysis | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 1.1.2.4 | 135000 | - |
gel filtration | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 1.1.99.39 | 61450 | - |
gel filtration | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.99.39 | (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | Arabidopsis thaliana | Q94AX4 | - |
- |
| 1.1.99.39 | Arabidopsis thaliana | O23240 | - |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | by centrifugation, sonication and on Ni2+-NTA column, to near homogeneity | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.99.39 | leaf | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
| 1.1.99.39 | root | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | D-2-hydroxybutyrate + ferricytochrome c | 135% relative activity compared to (R)lactate, highest catalytic efficiency, prefered substrate | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.1.2.4 | D-2-hydroxyglutarate + ferricytochrome c | 0.15% relative activity compared to (R)lactate | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.1.2.4 | D-glycerate + ferricytochrome c | 9.2% relative activity compared to (R)lactate | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.1.2.4 | D-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c | 100% relative activity, prefered substrate, with a high catalytic efficiency 200- and 2000fold higher than that for L-lactate and glycolate, respectively | Arabidopsis thaliana | pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c | - |
? | |
| 1.1.2.4 | DL-glycerate + ferricytochrome c | 10.3% relative activity compared to (R)lactate | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.1.2.4 | glycolate + ferricytochrome c | 0.15% relative activity compared to (R)lactate, O2 does not function as the acceptor for glycolate electrons | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.1.2.4 | L-lactate + ferricytochrome c | 10.8% relative activity compared to (R)lactate | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.1.2.4 | additional information | no activity with propionate, acetate, glutarate, DL-3-hydroxybutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.1.99.39 | (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.1.99.39 | (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 2-oxoglutarate + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol | - |
? | |
| 1.1.99.39 | additional information | low activity with D-lactate, D-2-hydroxybutyrate, meso-tartrate | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | homodimer | 2 * 59000, sequence analysis | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | D-lactate cytochrome c oxidoreductase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 1.1.2.4 | D-LDH | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 1.1.99.39 | AtD-2HGDH | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| EC Number | Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.00167 | - |
glycolate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.1 | - |
D-glycerate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.1167 | - |
L-lactate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 1.083 | - |
D-lactate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 1.467 | - |
D-2-hydroxybutyrate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.99.39 | 0.8 | - |
(R)-2-hydroxyglutarate | 25°C, pH 8.75, cofactor oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | 8 | 9 | pH optimum for D-lactate, L-lactate and glycolate oxidation | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| 1.1.99.39 | 8.5 | 9.5 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
pH Stability
| EC Number | pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | 7.25 | - |
retains at least 25% activity down to pH 7.25, whereas it rapidly loses activity at lower pH values | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Cofactor
| EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | FAD | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | additional information | no activity with NAD+ or NADP+ as electron acceptors | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.99.39 | additional information | no reaction with NAD+, NADP+ or cytochrome c | Arabidopsis thaliana |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | physiological function | participates in the methylglyoxal pathway | Arabidopsis thaliana |
kcat/KM [mM/s]
| EC Number | kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.0033 | - |
glycolate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.0167 | - |
D-glycerate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 0.033 | - |
L-lactate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 6.583 | - |
D-lactate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.2.4 | 24.17 | - |
D-2-hydroxybutyrate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| 1.1.99.39 | 1.37 | - |
(R)-2-hydroxyglutarate | 25°C, pH 8.75, cofactor oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
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